2024 |
Genta RM, Turner KO, Collins MH, Wechsler JB, Arva NC, Pletneva MA, et al., 'Quantification of Mucosal Mast Cells in the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Primer for Practicing Pathologists.', Arch Pathol Lab Med, 148 e25-e35 (2024) [C1]
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2024 |
Zuzek R, Potter M, Talley NJ, Agréus L, Andreasson A, Veits L, et al., 'Prevalence of Histological Gastritis in a Community Population and Association with Epigastric Pain.', Dig Dis Sci, 69 528-537 (2024) [C1]
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2023 |
Lim AW, Talley NJ, Walker MM, Storm G, Hua S, 'Current status and advances in esophageal drug delivery technology: influence of physiological, pathophysiological and pharmaceutical factors.', Drug delivery, 30 2219423 (2023) [C1]
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2023 |
Wauters L, Harris PR, Walker MM, Serrano CA, Villagran A, Rakhra GS, et al., 'Letter: childhood recurrent abdominal pain is associated with increased duodenal eosinophilia independent of Helicobacter pylori infection', ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 58 134-136 (2023)
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2023 |
Burns GL, Potter M, Mathe A, Bruce J, Minahan K, Barnes JL, et al., 'TRAV26-2 T-Cell Receptor Expression Is Associated With Mucosal Lymphocyte Response to Wheat Proteins in Patients With Functional Dyspepsia.', Clin Transl Gastroenterol, 14 e00638 (2023) [C1]
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2023 |
Gwee K-A, Lee YY, Suzuki H, Ghoshal UC, Holtmann G, Bai T, et al., 'Asia-Pacific guidelines for managing functional dyspepsia overlapping with other gastrointestinal symptoms.', J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 38 197-209 (2023) [C1]
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2023 |
Ma W, Walker MM, Thuresson M, Roelstraete B, Sköldberg F, Olén O, et al., 'Cancer risk in patients with diverticular disease: A nationwide cohort study.', J Natl Cancer Inst, 115 62-70 (2023) [C1]
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2023 |
Shanahan ER, Kang S, Staudacher H, Shah A, Do A, Burns G, et al., 'Alterations to the duodenal microbiota are linked to gastric emptying and symptoms in functional dyspepsia', GUT, 72 929-938 (2023) [C1]
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2023 |
Griffin CP, Bowen JR, Walker MM, Lynam J, Paul CL, 'Understanding the value of brain donation for research to donors, next-of-kin and clinicians: A systematic review.', PLoS One, 18 e0295438 (2023) [C1]
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2023 |
Cameron R, Walker MM, Jones M, Eslick GD, Keely S, Pockney P, et al., 'Increased mucosal eosinophils in colonic diverticulosis and diverticular disease.', J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 38 1355-1364 (2023) [C1]
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2022 |
Shah A, Fairlie T, Brown G, Jones MP, Eslick GD, Duncanson K, et al., 'DUODENAL EOSINOPHILS AND MAST CELLS IN FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF CASE-CONTROL STUDIES', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 162 S866-S866 (2022)
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2022 |
Griffin CP, Paul CL, Alexander KL, Walker MM, Hondermarck H, Lynam J, 'Postmortem brain donations vs premortem surgical resections for glioblastoma research: viewing the matter as a whole.', Neurooncol Adv, 4 vdab168 (2022) [C1]
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2022 |
Prasad SS, Walker MM, Talley NJ, Keely S, Kairuz T, Jones MP, Duncanson K, 'Healthcare Needs and Perceptions of People Living with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Australia: A Mixed-Methods Study', Crohn's and Colitis 360, 4 (2022) [C1]
Background: Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and indeterminate colitis are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) that adversely affect the healthcare needs and qua... [more]
Background: Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and indeterminate colitis are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) that adversely affect the healthcare needs and quality of life (QoL) of people with IBD. The aim of this study was to explore the needs and perceptions of people with IBD in a primary care setting. Methods: This sequential explanatory mixed-methods study consisted of a cross-sectional survey (included validated tools), followed by semistructured interviews on participants' perceptions: IBD management, healthcare professionals, IBD care, flare management, and pharmacist's IBD roles. Results: Sixty-seven participants completed the survey, and 8 completed interviews. Quantitative findings: Age at diagnosis had significant association with medication nonadherence (P =. 04), QoL (P =. 04), and disease control (P =. 01) among the respondents. The odds of medication nonadherence were 8 times (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 8.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08, 60.10) higher among younger participants aged <30 years. Those diagnosed with CD (P =. 02) reported more likely to have unfavorable perceptions of pharmacists' role in managing their IBD (AOR = 9.45, 95% CI = 1.57, 56.62) than those with UC and indeterminate colitis. Qualitative findings: General practitioners were considered the most important care provider and the first point of contact for patients in managing all aspects of IBD. Participants identified their key need to be timely access to specialized IBD care and found that other primary healthcare professionals lacked disease-specific knowledge for managing IBD. Conclusions: Primary healthcare professionals are well positioned but need targeted training to influence the needs of IBD patients. The specialty role of an IBD educator could complement existing services to deliver and address patient-specific care.
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2022 |
Arva N, Genta RM, Pletneva M, Walker MM, Yang G-Y, Collins MH, 'Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders: A new Path', PEDIATRIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL PATHOLOGY, 25 568-569 (2022)
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2022 |
Rostami K, Ensari A, Marsh MN, Srivastava A, Villanacci V, Carroccio A, et al., 'Gluten Induces Subtle Histological Changes in Duodenal Mucosa of Patients with Non-Coeliac Gluten Sensitivity: A Multicentre Study.', Nutrients, 14 (2022) [C1]
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2022 |
Carneiro L, White J, Parker H, Hoad C, Tucker E, Marciani L, et al., 'Pilot Double-Blind Randomised Controlled Trial: Effects of Jejunal Nutrition on Postprandial Distress in Diabetic Gastropathy (J4G Trial)', Nutrients, 14 (2022) [C1]
Nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain in diabetic patients are often attributed to diabetic gastropathy (DG). Post-pyloric (¿jejunal¿) enteral nutrition (JN) may improve nutrition a... [more]
Nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain in diabetic patients are often attributed to diabetic gastropathy (DG). Post-pyloric (¿jejunal¿) enteral nutrition (JN) may improve nutrition and glycaemia in difficult cases. The acute effects of JN on postprandial symptoms and gastric function in DG patients has not been studied. DG patients with moderate to severe symptoms (gastroparesis cardinal symptom index (GCSI) > 27), diabetic controls without symptoms (DC; GCSI < 14) and healthy controls (HV) were entered into a randomized, double blind controlled trial. JN with liquid nutrient (2 kcal/min) or water was infused for 60 min prior to ingestion of a standardized mixed solid/liquid test meal. Outcomes included postprandial symptoms and effects on gastrointestinal (GI)¿peptide hormones and gastric emptying (GE) assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Nine DG, nine DC and twelve HV were recruited. DG patients reported more symptoms after meals than other groups (p < 0.05). Post-prandial symptoms were reduced after JN in DG patients (p < 0.01). GE was more rapid after JN in DG and DC patients (p < 0.05). JN induced a GI¿peptide response in all subjects; however, this was less pronounced in diabetic groups. JN has beneficial effects on DG patients¿ symptoms after a meal. The mechanism is not primarily mediated by effects on GE, but appears to involve other aspects of GI function, including visceral sensitivity.
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2022 |
Dellon ES, Gonsalves N, Abonia JP, Alexander JA, Arva NC, Atkins D, et al., 'International Consensus Recommendations for Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Nomenclature.', Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 20 2474-2484.e3 (2022) [C1]
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2022 |
Turner KO, Collins MH, Walker MM, Genta RM, 'Quantification of Mucosal Eosinophils for the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Eosinophilic Gastritis and Duodenitis: A Primer for Practicing Pathologists.', Am J Surg Pathol, 46 557-566 (2022) [C1]
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2022 |
Jones MP, Shah A, Walker MM, Koloski NA, Holtmann G, Talley NJ, 'Overlap of heartburn, functional dyspepsia, and irritable bowel syndrome in a population sample: Prevalence, temporal stability, and associated comorbidities', Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 34 (2022) [C1]
Background: Co-occurring (overlapping) irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional dyspepsia (FD), and heartburn has been observed. However, whether it is a distinct entity has not... [more]
Background: Co-occurring (overlapping) irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional dyspepsia (FD), and heartburn has been observed. However, whether it is a distinct entity has not been established, nor what clinical, demographic, lifestyle, and psychological traits are associated with it. This study sought to estimate the prevalence and temporal stability of this overlap and to identify features specific to it in order to gain some insights into the potential etiopathogenesis. Methods: Two waves of a survey to a population-representative sample were conducted 3¿years apart, recruiting 1312 individuals for this study. The chance-expected probability of complete overlap (CO) was calculated and compared with the observed CO. A range of demographic, lifestyle factors, medical diagnoses, sleep quality, and psychological distress were tested to identify predictors of overlap using logistic regression. Key Results: CO was observed in 2.1% (95% confidence interval 1.9, 3.7) of the sample and was closely replicated in wave 2 at 2.0%. The observed CO was greater than expected by chance (0.2%) to a statistically significant extent (p¿<¿0.001). Overlap between IBS subtypes, FD subtypes, and heartburn was also elevated above chance expectation. Individuals with CO were separately differentiated from others with respect to elevated rates of self-reported medically diagnosed asthma, elevated psychological distress score, and elevated impact on sleep quality. The discrimination provided by these factors was further independent of age and sex. Conclusions and Inferences: Overlap between IBS, FD, and heartburn (GERD) appears to be a distinct entity that has a profile including psychological morbidity, sleep disturbance, and elevated rates of atopy.
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2022 |
Burns GL, Bruce JK, Minahan K, Mathe A, Fairlie T, Cameron R, et al., 'Type 2 and type 17 effector cells are increased in the duodenal mucosa but not peripheral blood of patients with functional dyspepsia.', Front Immunol, 13 1051632 (2022) [C1]
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2022 |
Koloski NA, Jones M, Walker MM, Horowitz M, Holtmann G, Talley NJ, 'Diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for a greater frequency of early satiation and diarrhea at one and three years: Two prospective longitudinal population-based studies', NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY, 35 (2022) [C1]
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2022 |
Ma C, Schoepfer AM, Dellon ES, Bredenoord AJ, Chehade M, Collins MH, et al., 'Development of a core outcome set for therapeutic studies in eosinophilic esophagitis (COREOS)', Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 149 659-670 (2022) [C1]
Background: End points used to determine treatment efficacy in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) have evolved over time. With multiple novel therapies in development for EoE, harmoni... [more]
Background: End points used to determine treatment efficacy in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) have evolved over time. With multiple novel therapies in development for EoE, harmonization of outcomes measures will facilitate evidence synthesis and appraisal when comparing different treatments. Objective: We sought to develop a core outcome set (COS) for controlled and observational studies of pharmacologic and diet interventions in adult and pediatric patients with EoE. Methods: Candidate outcomes were generated from systematic literature reviews and patient engagement interviews and surveys. Consensus was established using an iterative Delphi process, with items voted on using a 9-point Likert scale and with feedback from other participants to allow score refinement. Consensus meetings were held to ratify the outcome domains of importance and the core outcome measures. Stakeholders were recruited internationally and included adult and pediatric gastroenterologists, allergists, dieticians, pathologists, psychologists, researchers, and methodologists. Results: The COS consists of 4 outcome domains for controlled and observational studies: histopathology, endoscopy, patient-reported symptoms, and EoE-specific quality of life. A total of 69 stakeholders (response rate 95.8%) prioritized 42 outcomes in a 2-round Delphi process, and the final ratification meeting generated consensus on 33 outcome measures. These included measurement of the peak eosinophil count, Eosinophilic Esophagitis Histology Scoring System, Eosinophilic Esophagitis Endoscopic Reference Score, and patient-reported measures of dysphagia and quality of life. Conclusions: This interdisciplinary collaboration involving global stakeholders has produced a COS that can be applied to adult and pediatric studies of pharmacologic and diet therapies for EoE and will facilitate meaningful treatment comparisons and improve the quality of data synthesis.
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2022 |
Shah A, Kang S, Talley NJ, Anh D, Walker MM, Shanahan ER, et al., 'The duodenal mucosa associated microbiome, visceral sensory function, immune activation and psychological comorbidities in functional gastrointestinal disorders with and without self-reported non-celiac wheat sensitivity', GUT MICROBES, 14 (2022) [C1]
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2022 |
Shah A, Gurusamy SR, Hansen T, Callaghan G, Talley NJ, Koloski N, et al., 'Concomitant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Does Not Influence the Response to Antimicrobial Therapy in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia', DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES, 67 2299-2309 (2022) [C1]
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2022 |
Bruce JK, Burns GL, Sinn Soh W, Nair PM, Sherwin S, Fan KN, et al., 'Defects in NLRP6, autophagy and goblet cell homeostasis are associated with reduced duodenal CRH receptor 2 expression in patients with functional dyspepsia', Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 101 335-345 (2022) [C1]
Functional dyspepsia (FD) affects up to 15% of the population and is characterised by recurring upper gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms occurring in the absence of clinically identif... [more]
Functional dyspepsia (FD) affects up to 15% of the population and is characterised by recurring upper gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms occurring in the absence of clinically identifiable pathology. Psychological stress is a key factor associated with the onset of FD and locally acting hypothalamic¿pituitary¿adrenal (HPA) axis hormones have been implicated in GI motility and barrier dysfunction. Recent pre-clinical work has identified mechanistic pathways linking corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) with the innate epithelial immune protein NLRP6, an inflammasome that has been shown to regulate GI mucus secretion. We recruited twelve FD patients and twelve healthy individuals to examine whether dysregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis hormones and altered NLRP6 pathways were evident in the duodenal mucosa. Protein expression was assessed by immunoblot and immunohistochemistry in D2 duodenal biopsies. Plasma HPA axis hormones were assayed by ELISA and enteroid and colorectal cancer cell line cultures were used to verify function. FD patients exhibited reduced duodenal CRH-receptor 2, compared to non-GI disease controls, indicating a dysregulation of duodenal HPA signalling. The loss of CRH-receptor 2 correlated with reduced NLRP6 expression and autophagy function, processes critical for maintaining goblet cell homeostasis. In accordance, duodenal goblet cell numbers and mucin exocytosis was reduced in FD patients compared to controls. In vitro studies demonstrated that CRH could reduce NLRP6 in duodenal spheroids and promote mucus secretion in the HT29-MTX-E12 cell line. In conclusion, FD patients exhibit defects in the NLRP6-autophagy axis with decreased goblet cell function that may drive symptoms of disease. These features correlated with loss of CRH receptor 2 and may be driven by dysregulation of HPA signalling in the duodenum of FD patients.
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2022 |
Shah A, Fairlie T, Brown G, Jones MP, Eslick GD, Duncanson K, et al., 'Duodenal Eosinophils and Mast Cells in Functional Dyspepsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies', CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, 20 2229-+ (2022) [C1]
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2022 |
Jones MP, Yun G, Wass F, Rixon H, Shah A, Walker MM, et al., 'The role of mood state and emotion regulation in the discrepancy between gastrointestinal symptom burden recorded prospectively and via recall questionnaire', NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY, 34 (2022) [C1]
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2022 |
Cameron R, Walker MM, Thuresson M, Roelstraete B, Skoldberg F, Olen O, et al., 'Mortality risk increased in colonic diverticular disease: a nationwide cohort study', ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 76 39-49 (2022) [C1]
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2021 |
Ronkainen J, Aro P, Jones M, Walker MM, Agréus L, Andreasson A, Talley NJ, 'Duodenal eosinophilia and the link to anxiety: A population-based endoscopic study', Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 33 (2021) [C1]
Introduction: The concept of gut-to-brain communication via microbial or inflammatory pathways is gaining increased attention but genuine pathology directly linking gut perturbati... [more]
Introduction: The concept of gut-to-brain communication via microbial or inflammatory pathways is gaining increased attention but genuine pathology directly linking gut perturbation to anxiety is lacking. We hypothesized that duodenal eosinophilia, as known to occur in functional dyspepsia (FD), may be an underlying cause of anxiety and may help explain the striking association between FD and anxiety. Methods: Randomly selected subjects from the national population register of Sweden completed the validated Abdominal Symptom Questionnaire; 1000 completed esophagogastroduodenoscopy and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire. Duodenal biopsies were obtained from 1st (D1) and 2nd portion (D2). Eligible subjects who underwent endoscopy (n¿=¿887) were invited to participate in a 10-year follow-up study with the same questionnaires. Among endoscopy normal subjects, FD was identified by Rome criteria, and controls were symptom free. Duodenal eosinophilia was based on pre-defined cut-offs. Finding are reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval and p-value. Results: The study population comprised 89 cases with FD and 124 healthy controls (mean age 62¿years, SD 12, 34% male). Clinical anxiety at follow-up was elevated in those with D1 eosinophilia at baseline considering either new-onset anxiety (OR¿=¿4.5, 95% CI 0.8, 23.8; p¿=¿0.08) or follow-up anxiety adjusting for baseline anxiety (OR¿=¿4.51 (95% CI 1.03, 19.81; p¿=¿0.046). Conclusion: Duodenal eosinophilia may potentially be a mechanism linked to anxiety independent of FD.
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2021 |
Järbrink-Sehgal ME, Sparkman J, Damron A, Walker MM, Green LK, Rosen DG, et al., 'Functional Dyspepsia and Duodenal Eosinophil Count and Degranulation: A Multiethnic US Veteran Cohort Study', Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 66 3482-3489 (2021) [C1]
Background: Duodenal eosinophilia may play a role in functional dyspepsia (FD), but existing study results are conflicted. We investigated the association between duodenal eosinop... [more]
Background: Duodenal eosinophilia may play a role in functional dyspepsia (FD), but existing study results are conflicted. We investigated the association between duodenal eosinophils (count and degranulation) and FD symptoms, accounting for atopic conditions, medications, and seasonal variations. Methods: In a cross-sectional study conducted in the Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center in Houston, Texas, we analyzed duodenal histopathology of 436 patient samples from a prospective cohort with a validated symptom survey data and chart reviews. FD was defined using Rome II symptom criteria. Eosinophil count was number per 5 high-power fields (HPF), and eosinophil degranulation was eosinophilic granules in the stroma both determined by two independent investigators. Results: The study cohort was predominantly male (87.4%) with a mean age of 59.3 (standard deviation (SD) ± 9.8). Mean and median eosinophil counts were 75.5 (± 47.8) and 63 (IQR: 43, 101) per five HPF, respectively. Duodenal eosinophilia (defined as = 63 per 5 HPF) and eosinophil degranulation were present in 50.5% and 23.1% of patient samples, respectively. FD was observed in 178 patients (41.7%), but neither the mean eosinophil count nor duodenal eosinophilia was associated with FD. Eosinophil degranulation was independently associated with FD overall (OR 1.74; 95% CI 1.08, 2.78; p = 0.02) and early satiety (OR 2.04; 95% CI 1.26, 3.30; p = 0.004). Conclusions: In this large, ethnically diverse cohort of adult patients, we found no significant association between duodenal eosinophilia and FD. However, the presence of duodenal eosinophilic degranulation, an activated eosinophil marker, was significantly associated with FD, especially early satiety.
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2021 |
Jones MP, Walter S, Talley NJ, Walker MM, Holtmann GJ, Shah A, et al., 'Clusters of community-dwelling individuals empirically derived from stool diaries correspond with clinically meaningful outcomes', European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 33 E740-E745 (2021) [C1]
Background Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are diagnosed according to expert consensus criteria based on recall of symptoms over periods of 3 months or longer. Wheth... [more]
Background Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are diagnosed according to expert consensus criteria based on recall of symptoms over periods of 3 months or longer. Whether the expert opinion concords with underlying disease process and whether individual recall is accurate are both in doubt. This study aimed to identify naturally occurring clusters of individuals with respect to symptom pattern, evaluate their significance, compare cluster profiles with expert opinion and evaluate their temporal stability. Methods As part of a random population study of FGID-related symptoms, we first explored the use of prospective stool and symptom diaries combined with empirical grouping of individuals into clusters using nonhierarchical cluster analysis. Results The analysis identified two clusters of individuals, one of which was characterized by elevated scores on all domains of symptoms (26% of the sample) and one that was low to average on all domains (74% of the sample). Cluster membership was found to be stable over a long interval. Clusters were found to differ on most domains of quality-of-life (d = 0.46-0.74), self-rated health (d =-0.42) and depression (d =-0.42) but not anxiety. Prevalence of clinically diagnosed irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was higher in the more impacted cluster (33%) compared with the healthy cluster (13%; P < 0.0001). Conclusion A naturalistic classification of individuals challenges consensus criteria in showing that some IBS individuals have a symptom experience not unlike health. The proposed approach has demonstrated temporal stability over time, unlike consensus criteria. A naturalistic disease classification system may have practical advantages over consensus criteria when supported by a decision-Analytic system.
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2021 |
Rojler L, Garber JJ, Roelstraete B, Walker MM, Ludvigsson JF, 'Mortality in Eosinophilic Esophagitis - a nationwide, population-based matched cohort study from 2005 to 2017', UPSALA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, 126 (2021) [C1]
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2021 |
Talley NJ, Alexander JL, Walker MM, Jones MP, Hugerth LW, Engstrand L, et al., 'Ileocolonic Histopathological and Microbial Alterations in the Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Nested Community Case-Control Study', Clinical and translational gastroenterology, 12 (2021) [C1]
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2021 |
Ejova A, Badcock NA, McKerchar S, Beath AP, Swift C, Talley NJ, et al., 'Electroencephalographic evidence of unconscious and conscious attentional bias in people with functional gastrointestinal disorders: A pilot study', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, 170 30-42 (2021) [C1]
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2021 |
Andreasson A, Talley NJ, Walker MM, Jones MP, Platts LG, Wallner B, et al., 'An Increasing Incidence of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Over 23 Years: A Prospective Population-Based Study in Sweden', AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, 116 210-213 (2021) [C1]
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2021 |
Talley NJ, Powell N, Walker MM, Jones MP, Ronkainen J, Forsberg A, et al., 'Role of smoking in functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome: three random population-based studies', ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 54 32-42 (2021) [C1]
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2021 |
Griffin C, Vilain R, King S, Nixon S, Gooley A, Bray S, et al., 'Mind Over Matter: Confronting Challenges in Post-Mortem Brain Biobanking for Glioblastoma Multiforme', Biomarker Insights, 16 (2021) [C1]
Over the past 10 years, there has been limited progress for the treatment of brain cancer and outcomes for patients are not much improved. For brain cancer researchers, a major ob... [more]
Over the past 10 years, there has been limited progress for the treatment of brain cancer and outcomes for patients are not much improved. For brain cancer researchers, a major obstacle to biomarker driven research is limited access to brain cancer tissue for research purposes. The Mark Hughes Foundation Brain Biobank is one of the first post-mortem adult brain banks in Australia to operate with protocols specifically developed for brain cancer. Located within the Hunter New England Local Health District and operated by Hunter Cancer Biobank, the boundaries of service provided by the Brain Bank extend well into the surrounding regional and rural areas of the Local Health District and beyond. Brain cancer biobanking is challenging. There are conflicting international guidelines for best practice and unanswered questions relating to scientific, psychosocial and operational practices. To address this challenge, a best practice model was developed, informed by a consensus of existing data but with consideration of the difficulties associated with operating in regional or resource poor settings. The regional application of this model was challenged following the presentation of a donor located in a remote area, 380km away from the biobank. This required biobank staff to overcome numerous obstacles including long distance patient transport, lack of palliative care staff, death in the home and limited rural outreach services. Through the establishment of shared goals, contingency planning and the development of an informal infrastructure, the donation was facilitated within the required timeframe. This experience demonstrates the importance of collaboration and networking to overcome resource insufficiency and geographical challenges in rural cancer research programmes.
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2021 |
Jones MP, Shah A, Walker MM, Koloski NA, Holtmann G, Talley NJ, 'Antibiotic use but not gastrointestinal infection frequently precedes first diagnosis of functional gastrointestinal disorders', UNITED EUROPEAN GASTROENTEROLOGY JOURNAL, 9 1074-1080 (2021) [C1]
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2021 |
Ma C, Schoepfer AM, Safroneeva E, Dellon ES, Bredenoord AJ, Chehade M, et al., 'Development of a Core Outcome Set for Therapeutic Studies in Eosinophilic Esophagitis (COREOS): An International Multidisciplinary Consensus', Gastroenterology, 161 748-755 (2021)
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2021 |
Rojler L, Glimberg I, Walker MM, Garber JJ, Ludvigsson JF, 'Validation of the diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis based on histopathology reports in Sweden', UPSALA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, 126 (2021) [C1]
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2021 |
McEvoy MA, Attia JR, Oldmeadow C, Holliday E, Smith WT, Mangoni AA, et al., 'Serum L-arginine and endogenous methylarginine concentrations predict irritable bowel syndrome in adults: A nested case-control study', UNITED EUROPEAN GASTROENTEROLOGY JOURNAL, 9 809-818 (2021) [C1]
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2021 |
Talley NJ, Walker MM, Agreus L, Andreasson A, 'Editorial: tobacco use in functional dyspepsia-another smoking gun? Authors' reply', ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 54 79-79 (2021)
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2021 |
Talley NJ, Walker MM, Jones M, Keely S, Koloski N, Cameron R, et al., 'Letter: budesonide for functional dyspepsia with duodenal eosinophilia-randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group trial', ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 53 1332-1333 (2021)
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2021 |
Irani MZ, Jones MP, Halland M, Herrick L, Choung RS, Loftus YAS, et al., 'Prevalence, symptoms and risk factor profile of rumination syndrome and functional dyspepsia: a population-based study', ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 54 1416-1431 (2021) [C1]
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2021 |
Griffin N, Gao F, Jobling P, Oldmeadow C, Wills V, Walker MM, et al., 'The neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor 1 (TrkA) is overexpressed in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma', Pathology, 53 470-477 (2021) [C1]
Nerve growth factor (NGF) and its receptors, the neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1 (NTRK1/TrkA) and the common neurotrophin receptor (NGFR/p75NTR), are increasingly implicat... [more]
Nerve growth factor (NGF) and its receptors, the neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1 (NTRK1/TrkA) and the common neurotrophin receptor (NGFR/p75NTR), are increasingly implicated in cancer progression, but their clinicopathological significance in oesophageal cancer is unclear. In this study, the expression of NGF, NTRK1 and NGFR were analysed by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 303 oesophageal cancers versus 137 normal adjacent oesophageal tissues. Immunostaining was digitally quantified and compared to clinicopathological parameters. NGF and NGFR staining were found in epithelial cells and at similar levels between oesophageal cancers and normal oesophageal tissue. NGFR staining was slightly increased with grade (p=0.0389). Interestingly, NTRK1 staining was markedly higher in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OR 2.31, 95%CI 1.13¿4.38, p<0.0001) and significantly lower in adenocarcinoma (OR 0.50, 95%CI 0.44¿0.63, p<0.0001) compared to normal oesophageal tissue. In addition, NTRK1 staining was decreased in grade 2 and grade 3 (OR 0.51, 95%CI 0.21¿1.40, p<0.0001) compared to grade 1, suggesting a preferential involvement of this receptor in the more differentiated forms of oesophageal carcinomas. Together, these data point to NTRK1 as a biomarker and a candidate therapeutic target in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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2021 |
Goggins BJ, Minahan K, Sherwin S, Soh WS, Pryor J, Bruce J, et al., 'Pharmacological HIF-1 stabilization promotes intestinal epithelial healing through regulation of a-integrin expression and function', AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY, 320 G420-G438 (2021) [C1]
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2021 |
Gurusamy SR, Shah A, Talley NJ, Koloski N, Jones MP, Walker MM, et al., 'Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Functional Dyspepsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis', AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, 116 935-942 (2021) [C1]
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Nova |
2021 |
Irani MZ, Talley NJ, Ronkainen J, Aro P, Andreasson A, Agreus L, et al., 'Neutrophils, eosinophils, and intraepithelial lymphocytes in the squamous esophagus in subjects with and without gastroesophageal reflux symptoms', HUMAN PATHOLOGY, 115 112-122 (2021) [C1]
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Nova |
2021 |
Koloski NA, Jones M, Walker MM, Keely S, Holtmann G, Talley NJ, 'Sleep disturbances in the irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia are independent of psychological distress: a population-based study of 1322 Australians', ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 54 627-636 (2021) [C1]
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Nova |
2021 |
Jones MP, Shah A, Ben-Jacob R, Talley NJ, Hansen T, Walker MM, et al., 'Routine assessment of gastrointestinal symptom using a validated questionnaire in the clinical setting to assess the probability of organic or functional gastrointestinal diseases', NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY, 33 (2021) [C1]
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Nova |
2020 |
Shah A, Talley NJ, Koloski N, Macdonald GA, Kendall BJ, Shanahan ER, et al., 'Duodenal bacterial load as determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in asymptomatic controls, functional gastrointestinal disorders and inflammatory bowel disease', Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 52 155-167 (2020) [C1]
Background: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth may play a role in gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal diseases. Aims: To use quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)... [more]
Background: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth may play a role in gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal diseases. Aims: To use quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to determine and compare bacterial loads of duodenal biopsies in asymptomatic controls, and patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn¿s disease (CD). To define effects of gastric acid inhibition on bacterial load, explore links of bacterial load and gastrointestinal symptoms in response to a standardised nutrient challenge and compare bacterial load with glucose breath test results. Methods: In 237 patients (63 controls, 84 FGID and 90 IBD), we collected mucosal samples under aseptic conditions during endoscopy extracted and total DNA. Bacterial load metric was calculated utilising qPCR measurements of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, normalised to human beta-actin expression. Standard glucose breath test and nutrient challenge test were performed. Results: The duodenal microbial load was higher in patients with FGID (0.22¿±¿0.03) than controls (0.07¿±¿0.05; P¿=¿0.007) and patients with UC (0.01¿±¿0.05) or CD (0.02¿±¿0.09), (P¿=¿0.0001). While patients treated with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) had significantly higher bacterial loads than non-users (P¿<¿0.05), this did not explain differences between patient groups and controls. Bacterial load was significantly (r¿=¿0.21, P¿<¿0.016) associated with the symptom response to standardised nutrient challenge test. Methane, but not hydrogen values on glucose breath test were associated with bacterial load measured utilising qPCR. Conclusions: Utilising qPCR, a diagnosis of FGID and treatment with PPI were independently associated with increased bacterial loads. Increased bacterial loads are associated with an augmented symptom response to a standardised nutrient challenge.
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Nova |
2020 |
Griffin N, Rowe CW, Gao F, Jobling P, Wills V, Walker MM, et al., 'Clinicopathological Significance of Nerves in Esophageal Cancer', American Journal of Pathology, 190 1921-1930 (2020) [C1]
Nerves are emerging promoters of cancer progression, but the innervation of esophageal cancer and its clinicopathologic significance remain unclear. In this study, nerves were ana... [more]
Nerves are emerging promoters of cancer progression, but the innervation of esophageal cancer and its clinicopathologic significance remain unclear. In this study, nerves were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 260 esophageal cancers, including 40 matched lymph node metastases and 137 normal adjacent esophageal tissues. Nerves were detected in 38% of esophageal cancers and were more associated with squamous cell carcinomas (P = 0.04). The surrounding or invasion of nerves by cancer cells (perineural invasion) was detected in 12% of esophageal cancers and was associated with reduced survival (P = 0.04). Nerves were found to express the following receptors for nerve growth factor (NGF): neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1 and nerve growth factor receptor. An association was suggested between high production of NGF by cancer cells and the presence of nerves (P = 0.02). In vitro, NGF production in esophageal cancer cells was shown by Western blot, and esophageal cancer cells were able to induce neurite outgrowth in the PC12 neuronal cells. The neurotrophic activity of esophageal cancer cells was inhibited by anti-NGF blocking antibodies. Together, these data suggest that innervation is a feature in esophageal cancers that may be driven by cancer cell¿released NGF.
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Nova |
2020 |
Faulkner S, Griffin N, Rowe CW, Jobling P, Lombard JM, Oliveira SM, et al., 'Nerve growth factor and its receptor tyrosine kinase TrkA are overexpressed in cervical squamous cell carcinoma.', FASEB bioAdvances, 2 398-408 (2020) [C1]
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Nova |
2020 |
Prasad SS, Keely S, Talley NJ, Kairuz T, Walker MM, 'Pharmacists' Confidence in Managing Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.', Pharmacy, 8 (2020) [C1]
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Nova |
2020 |
Prasad SS, Potter M, Keely S, Talley NJ, Walker MM, Kairuz T, 'Roles of healthcare professionals in the management of chronic gastrointestinal diseases with a focus on primary care: A systematic review', JGH Open, 4 221-229 (2020) [C1]
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Nova |
2020 |
Potter MDE, Jones MP, Walker MM, Koloski NA, Keely S, Holtmann G, Talley AC NJ, 'Incidence and prevalence of self-reported non-coeliac wheat sensitivity and gluten avoidance in Australia', Medical Journal of Australia, 212 126-131 (2020) [C1]
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Nova |
2020 |
Potter MDE, Goodsall TM, Walker MM, Talley NJ, 'Dual histamine blockade for the treatment of adult functional dyspepsia: a single centre experience', GUT, 69 966-966 (2020)
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2020 |
Shah A, Talley NJ, Jones M, Kendall BJ, Koloski N, Walker MM, et al., 'Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies', American Journal of Gastroenterology, 115 190-201 (2020) [C1]
INTRODUCTION:We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome... [more]
INTRODUCTION:We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and controls.METHODS:Electronic databases were searched up to December 2018 for studies reporting SIBO prevalence in patients with IBS. Prevalence rates, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of SIBO in patients with IBS and controls were calculated.RESULTS:We included 25 studies with 3,192 patients with IBS and 3,320 controls. SIBO prevalence in patients with IBS was significantly increased compared with controls (OR = 3.7, 95% CI 2.3-6.0). In studies using only healthy controls, the OR for SIBO in patients with IBS was 4.9 (95% CI 2.8-8.6). With breath testing, SIBO prevalence in patients with IBS was 35.5% (95% CI 33.6-37.4) vs 29.7% (95% CI 27.6-31.8) in controls. Culture-based studies yielded a SIBO prevalence of 13.9% (95% CI 11.5-16.4) in patients with IBS and 5.0% (95% CI 3.9-6.2) in controls with a cutoff value of 105 colony-forming units per milliliter vs 33.5% (95% CI 30.1-36.9) in patients with IBS and 8.2% (95% CI 6.8-9.6) in controls with a cutoff value of 103 colony-forming unit per milliliter, respectively. SIBO prevalence diagnosed by lactulose breath test is much greater in both patients with IBS (3.6-fold) and controls (7.6-fold) compared with glucose breath test. Similar difference is seen when lactulose breath test is compared with culture methods. OR for SIBO in patients with IBS-diarrhea compared with IBS-constipation was 1.86 (95% CI 1.83-2.8). Methane-positive breath tests were significantly more prevalent in IBS-constipation compared with IBS-diarrhea (OR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.2-4.2). In patients with IBS, proton pump inhibitor was not associated with SIBO (OR = 0.8, 95% CI 0.5-1.5, P = 0.55).DISCUSSION:This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests a link between IBS and SIBO. However, the overall quality of the evidence is low. This is mainly due to substantial "clinical heterogeneity"due to lack of uniform selection criteria for cases and controls and limited sensitivity and specificity of the available diagnostic tests.
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Nova |
2020 |
Wauters L, Talley NJ, Walker MM, Tack J, Vanuytsel T, 'Novel concepts in the pathophysiology and treatment of functional dyspepsia', GUT, 69 591-600 (2020) [C1]
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Nova |
2020 |
Carroll GM, Burns GL, Petit JA, Walker MM, Mathe A, Smith SR, et al., 'Does postoperative inflammation or sepsis generate neutrophil extracellular traps that influence colorectal cancer progression? A systematic review', Surgery Open Science, 2 57-69 (2020) [C1]
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Nova |
2020 |
Talley NJ, Holtmann GJ, Jones M, Koloski NA, Walker MM, Burns G, et al., 'Zonulin in serum as a biomarker fails to identify the IBS, functional dyspepsia and non-coeliac wheat sensitivity', GUT, 69 1719-1722 (2020)
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2020 |
Potter MDE, Duncanson K, Jones MP, Walker MM, Keely S, Talley NJ, 'Wheat sensitivity and functional dyspepsia: A pilot, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled dietary crossover trial with novel challenge protocol', Nutrients, 12 1-15 (2020) [C1]
Introduction: Functional dyspepsia (FD), characterised by symptoms of epigastric pain or early satiety and post prandial distress, has been associated with duodenal eosinophilia, ... [more]
Introduction: Functional dyspepsia (FD), characterised by symptoms of epigastric pain or early satiety and post prandial distress, has been associated with duodenal eosinophilia, raising the possibility that it is driven by an environmental allergen. Non-coeliac gluten or wheat sensitivity (NCG/WS) has also been associated with both dyspeptic symptoms and duodenal eosinophilia, suggesting an overlap between these two conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of wheat (specifically gluten and fructans) in symptom reduction in participants with FD in a pilot randomized double-blind, placebo controlled, dietary crossover trial. Methods: Patients with Rome III criteria FD were recruited from a single tertiary centre in Newcastle, Australia. All were individually counselled on a diet low in both gluten and fermentable oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) by a clinical dietitian, which was followed for four weeks (elimination diet phase). Those who had a >30% response to the run-in diet, as measured by the Nepean Dyspepsia Index, were then re-challenged with ¿muesli¿ bars containing either gluten, fructan, or placebo in randomised order. Those with symptoms which significantly reduced during the elimination diet, but reliably reappeared (a mean change in overall dyspeptic symptoms of >30%) with gluten or fructan re-challenge were deemed to have wheat induced FD. Results: Eleven participants were enrolled in the study (75% female, mean age 43 years). Of the initial cohort, nine participants completed the elimination diet phase of whom four qualified for the rechallenge phase. The gluten-free, low FODMAP diet led to an overall (albeit non-significant) improvement in symptoms of functional dyspepsia in the diet elimination phase (mean NDI symptom score 71.2 vs. 47.1, p = 0.087). A specific food trigger could not be reliably demonstrated. Conclusions: Although a gluten-free, low-FODMAP diet led to a modest overall reduction in symptoms in this cohort of FD patients, a specific trigger could not be identified. The modified Salerno criteria for NCG/WS identification trialled in this dietary rechallenge protocol was fit-for-purpose. However, larger trials are required to determine whether particular components of wheat induce symptoms in functional dyspepsia.
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Nova |
2020 |
Prasad SS, Duncanson K, Keely S, Talley NJ, Kairuz T, Holtmann GJ, et al., 'A Role for Primary Care Pharmacists in the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease? Lessons from Chronic Disease: A Systematic Review.', Pharmacy (Basel), 8 1-13 (2020) [C1]
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Nova |
2020 |
Griffin N, Marsland M, Roselli S, Oldmeadow C, Attia J, Walker MM, et al., 'The receptor tyrosine kinase trka is increased and targetable in HER2-positive breast cancer', Biomolecules, 10 1-13 (2020) [C1]
The tyrosine kinase receptor A (NTRK1/TrkA) is increasingly regarded as a therapeutic target in oncology. In breast cancer, TrkA contributes to metastasis but the clinicopathologi... [more]
The tyrosine kinase receptor A (NTRK1/TrkA) is increasingly regarded as a therapeutic target in oncology. In breast cancer, TrkA contributes to metastasis but the clinicopathological significance remains unclear. In this study, TrkA expression was assessed via immunohistochemistry of 158 invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC), 158 invasive lobular carcinomas (ILC) and 50 ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS). TrkA was expressed in cancer epithelial and myoepithelial cells, with higher levels of TrkA positively associated with IDC (39% of cases) (p < 0.0001). Interestingly, TrkA was significantly increased in tumours expressing the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), with expression in 49% of HER2-positive compared to 25% of HER2-negative tumours (p = 0.0027). A panel of breast cancer cells were used to confirm TrkA protein expression, demonstrating higher levels of TrkA (total and phosphorylated) in HER2-positive cell lines. Functional investigations using four different HER2-positive breast cancer cell lines indicated that the Trk tyrosine kinase inhibitor GNF-5837 reduced cell viability, through decreased phospho-TrkA (Tyr490) and downstream AKT (Ser473) activation, but did not display synergy with Herceptin. Overall, these data highlight a relationship between the tyrosine kinase receptors TrkA and HER2 and suggest the potential of TrkA as a novel or adjunct target for HER2-positive breast tumours.
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Nova |
2020 |
Wauters L, Burns G, Ceulemans M, Walker MM, Vanuytsel T, Keely S, Talley NJ, 'Duodenal inflammation: an emerging target for functional dyspepsia?', Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets, 24 511-523 (2020) [C1]
Introduction: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders and is classified into postprandial distress and epigastric pain syndrome. ... [more]
Introduction: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders and is classified into postprandial distress and epigastric pain syndrome. Despite the recognition of duodenal inflammation as a potential trigger of symptoms, only limited anti-inflammatory therapies exist. Areas covered: This narrative review summarizes the recent advances in the pathophysiology and treatment of FD; it identifies potential therapeutic targets and gaps in the field. An electronic literature search was conducted in Pubmed up to 31st of December 2019. Expert opinion: There is compelling evidence for the role of duodenal inflammation and the eosinophil-mast cell axis in the pathogenesis of dyspeptic symptoms. Traditional prokinetic drugs and neuromodulators target gastric dysmotility and visceral hypersensitivity but are hampered by limited efficacy and side effects. Independent of acid suppression, the anti-inflammatory action of proton pump inhibitors, which remain the first-line therapy in FD, may also explain their therapeutic effect. Other existing and newly established anti-inflammatory drugs should be investigated while trials including probiotics and selective antibiotics should examine the host microbiome and immune activation. Targeted treatments for potential causes of duodenal pathology, such as impaired permeability and dysbiosis, are likely to emerge in the future.
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Nova |
2020 |
Potter MD, Hunt JS, Walker MM, Jones M, Liu C, Weltman M, Talley NJ, 'Duodenal eosinophils as predictors of symptoms in coeliac disease: a comparison of coeliac disease and non-coeliac dyspeptic patients with controls', Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 55 780-784 (2020) [C1]
Introduction: Duodenal eosinophilia is a key feature of functional dyspepsia, particularly in those with early satiety. Duodenal eosinophilia is also recognised in coeliac disease... [more]
Introduction: Duodenal eosinophilia is a key feature of functional dyspepsia, particularly in those with early satiety. Duodenal eosinophilia is also recognised in coeliac disease, although its relevance to symptoms is not understood. We aimed to determine if duodenal eosinophilia is present in patients with coeliac disease presenting with dyspepsia, and whether other histological characteristics were associated with clinical features on presentation. Methods: The coeliac study population comprised 61 patients with a new presentation of coeliac disease to a single centre from 2003 to 2013. A standard symptom assessment was documented for all patients. The control population (55 adults) presenting for endoscopy without coeliac disease was drawn from the same centre with similar demographics for age and gender. Duodenal biopsies from both groups were assessed for eosinophil counts and histological features. Results: Dyspepsia was present in 18.0% of coeliac patients and early satiety in 24.6%. The eosinophil counts were significantly higher in the stomach (12.1/mm2 vs. 4.0/mm2, p <.001) and duodenum (60.4/mm2 vs. 18.0/mm2, p <.001) of coeliac patients compared with controls. There was no significant difference in the mean duodenal eosinophil count in coeliac disease with and without early satiety (55.4/mm2 vs. 66.9/mm2, p =.51). Duodenal eosinophilia was not associated with the severity of coeliac enteropathy. The degree of villous atrophy was associated with iron deficiency at presentation (p =.01), but not symptoms. Conclusions: Although duodenal eosinophil counts are higher in coeliac disease than controls, we were not able to demonstrate an association with presenting symptoms or markers of disease severity.
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Nova |
2020 |
Koloski NA, Jones M, Walker MM, Holtmann G, Talley NJ, 'Functional dyspepsia is associated with lower exercise levels: A population-based study', UNITED EUROPEAN GASTROENTEROLOGY JOURNAL, 8 577-583 (2020) [C1]
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Nova |
2020 |
Chonwerawong M, Ferrand J, Chaudhry HM, Higgins C, Tran LS, Lim SS, et al., 'Innate Immune Molecule NLRC5 Protects Mice From Helicobacter-induced Formation of Gastric Lymphoid Tissue', Gastroenterology, 159 169-182.e8 (2020) [C1]
Background & Aims: Helicobacter pylori induces strong inflammatory responses that are directed at clearing the infection, but if not controlled, these responses can be harmful... [more]
Background & Aims: Helicobacter pylori induces strong inflammatory responses that are directed at clearing the infection, but if not controlled, these responses can be harmful to the host. We investigated the immune-regulatory effects of the innate immune molecule, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLR) family CARD domain-containing 5 (NLRC5), in patients and mice with Helicobacter infection. Methods: We obtained gastric biopsies from 30 patients in Australia. We performed studies with mice that lack NLRC5 in the myeloid linage (Nlrc5møKO) and mice without Nlrc5 gene disruption (controls). Some mice were gavaged with H pylori SS1 or Helicobacter felis; 3 months later, stomachs, spleens, and sera were collected, along with macrophages derived from bone marrow. Human and mouse gastric tissues and mouse macrophages were analyzed by histology, immunohistochemistry, immunoblots, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. THP-1 cells (human macrophages, controls) and NLRC5¿/¿ THP-1 cells (generated by CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing) were incubated with Helicobacter and gene expression and production of cytokines were analyzed. Results: Levels of NLRC5 messenger RNA were significantly increased in gastric tissues from patients with H pylori infection, compared with patients without infection (P <.01), and correlated with gastritis severity (P <.05). H pylori bacteria induced significantly higher levels of chemokine and cytokine production by NLRC5-/- THP-1 macrophages than by control THP-1 cells (P <.05). After 3 months of infection with H felis, Nlrc5mø-KO mice developed gastric hyperplasia (P <.0001), splenomegaly (P <.0001), and increased serum antibody titers (P <.01), whereas control mice did not. Nlrc5mø-KO mice with chronic H felis infection had increased numbers of gastric B-cell follicles expressing CD19 (P <.0001); these follicles had features of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. We identified B-cell¿activating factor as a protein that promoted B-cell hyperproliferation in Nlrc5mø-KO mice. Conclusions: NLRC5 is a negative regulator of gastric inflammation and mucosal lymphoid formation in response to Helicobacter infection. Aberrant NLRC5 signaling in macrophages can promote B-cell lymphomagenesis during chronic Helicobacter infection.
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Nova |
2020 |
Pryor J, Burns GL, Duncanson K, Horvat JC, Walker MM, Talley NJ, Keely S, 'Functional Dyspepsia and Food: Immune Overlap with Food Sensitivity Disorders.', Current gastroenterology reports, 22 (2020) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Kupcinskas J, Strate LL, Bassotti G, Torti G, Herszenyi L, Malfertheiner P, et al., 'Pathogenesis of Diverticulosis and Diverticular Disease', JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER DISEASES, 28 7-10 (2019) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Walker MM, Potter MD, Talley NJ, 'Eosinophilic colitis and colonic eosinophilia', Current Opinion in Gastroenterology, 35 42-50 (2019) [C1]
Purpose of reviewEosinophilic colitis is a rare condition, with a prevalence rate in the USA of 2-3/100 000 persons (0.003%), but diagnosed in 0.1% of biopsies in those colonoscop... [more]
Purpose of reviewEosinophilic colitis is a rare condition, with a prevalence rate in the USA of 2-3/100 000 persons (0.003%), but diagnosed in 0.1% of biopsies in those colonoscoped for diarrhoea. Secondary colonic eosinophilia is more common and associated with systemic, colonic and infectious diseases. In this review, the latest advances in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis are summarized and discussed.Recent findingsWhat constitutes a 'normal' count of eosinophils is poorly documented but there are recent studies that establish normal colonic eosinophil ranges as well as distinguishing histological and clinical findings in primary eosinophilic colitis and secondary colonic eosinophilia in children and adults. Primary eosinophilic colitis is rare, relatively straightforward to diagnose, but may be difficult to treat. Colonic eosinophilia may be overt in parasite infection and connective tissue disease. More subtle, secondary colonic eosinophilia is a useful biomarker for gastrointestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, colonic spirochaetosis and collagenous colitis, but the eosinophilia may more often be overlooked. A limited number of drugs are also known to cause left sided colonic eosinophilia such as clopidogrel, ibuprofen and oestroprogestinic agents.SummaryAdvances in our understanding of primary eosinophilic colitis and secondary colonic eosinophilia is progressing and if present, colonic eosinophilia should point the clinician and pathologist to a list of differential diagnoses worth considering to direct optimal management.
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Nova |
2019 |
Potter MDE, Wood NK, Walker MM, Jones MP, Talley NJ, 'Proton pump inhibitors and suppression of duodenal eosinophilia in functional dyspepsia', GUT, 68 1339-+ (2019)
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2019 |
Shah A, Walker M, Burger D, Martin N, Von Wulffen M, Koloski N, et al., 'Link Between Celiac Disease and Inflammatory Bowel Disease', Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology, 53 514-522 (2019) [C1]
Goal: The aim of this analysis was to assess in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) the risk of celiac disease and in celiac disease patients the risk of IBD.Background... [more]
Goal: The aim of this analysis was to assess in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) the risk of celiac disease and in celiac disease patients the risk of IBD.Background: Previous studies report a possible association between IBD and celiac disease; however, this link is controversial.Study: Using the search terms "inflammatory bowel disease" and "celiac disease," we identified initially 1525 publications. In total 27 studies met inclusion criteria. Proportions and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the prevalence of IBD in celiac disease and vice versa were compared with published prevalence rates for the respective geographic regions.Results: We included 41,482 adult IBD patients (20,357 with Crohn's disease; 19,791 with ulcerative colitis; and 459 patients with celiac disease). Overall, in IBD patients the prevalence of celiac disease was 1110/100,000 (95% CI, 1010-1210/100,000) as compared with a prevalence of 620/100,000 (95% CI, 610-630/100,000) in the respective populations (odds ratio, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.99-2.50). In contrast, in patients with celiac disease, 2130/100,000 had IBD (95% CI, 1590-2670/100,000) as compared with 260/100,000 (95% CI, 250/100,000-270/100,000) in the respective populations (odds ratio, 11.10; 95% CI, 8.55-14.40). This effect was not different for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Although there was no evidence for publication bias for celiac disease in IBD, the funnel plot suggested that the association between IBD in celiac disease might be influenced by publication bias.Conclusions: The data are consistent with the notion that celiac disease is a risk factor for IBD and to lesser degree patients with IBD have an increased risk of celiac disease.
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Nova |
2019 |
Shah A, Crawford D, Burger D, Martin N, Walker M, Talley NJ, et al., 'Effects of Antibiotic Therapy in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis with and without Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis', Seminars in Liver Disease, 39 432-441 (2019) [C1]
The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of antibiotic therapy in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Effect of antibiotic therapy on May... [more]
The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of antibiotic therapy in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Effect of antibiotic therapy on Mayo PSC Risk Score (MRS), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total serum bilirubin (TSB), and adverse events (AEs) rates were calculated and expressed as standardized difference of means or proportions. Five studies including 124 PSC patients who received antibiotics were included. Overall, antibiotic treatment was associated with a statistically significant reduction in ALP, MRS, and TSB by 33.2, 36.1, and 28.8%, respectively. ALP reduction was greatest for vancomycin (65.6%, p < 0.002) and smallest with metronidazole (22.7%, p = 0.18). Overall, 8.9% (95% confidence interval: 3.9-13.9) of patients had AEs severe enough to discontinue antibiotic therapy. In PSC patients, antibiotic treatment results in a significant improvement in markers of cholestasis and MRS. Antibiotics, particularly vancomycin, may have a positive effect on PSC either via direct effects on the microbiome or via host-mediated mechanisms.
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Nova |
2019 |
Burns G, Pryor J, Holtmann G, Walker MM, Talley NJ, Keely S, 'Immune Activation in Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders.', Gastroenterology & hepatology, 15 539-548 (2019) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Shah A, Morrison M, Burger D, Martin N, Rich J, Jones M, et al., 'Systematic review with meta-analysis: the prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in inflammatory bowel disease', ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 49 624-635 (2019) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Walker MM, Talley NJ, Keely S, 'Follow up on atopy and the gastrointestinal tract - a review of a common association 2018.', Expert review of gastroenterology & hepatology, 13 437-445 (2019) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Talley NJ, Walker MM, 'Emerging evidence that irritable bowel syndrome & functional dyspepsia are microbial diseases.', Indian J Med Res, 149 437-440 (2019) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Halland M, Talley NJ, Jones M, Murray JA, Cameron R, Walker MM, 'Duodenal Pathology in Patients with Rumination Syndrome: Duodenal Eosinophilia and Increased Intraepithelial Lymphocytes', DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES, 64 832-837 (2019) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Ronkainen J, Aro P, Walker MM, Agréus L, Johansson SE, Jones M, Talley NJ, 'Duodenal eosinophilia is associated with functional dyspepsia and new onset gastro-oesophageal reflux disease', Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 50 24-32 (2019) [C1]
Background: It is unexplained why functional dyspepsia and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) overlap more often than expected by chance. Post-prandial distress syndrome has... [more]
Background: It is unexplained why functional dyspepsia and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) overlap more often than expected by chance. Post-prandial distress syndrome has been linked to impaired gastric fundic accommodation which may induce increased transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations and consequent GERD. Duodenal eosinophilia has been linked to functional dyspepsia and post-prandial distress syndrome. Aim: To identify if there is an association between duodenal eosinophilia in functional dyspepsia and symptoms of GERD and whether post-prandial distress syndrome or epigastric pain syndrome are associated with new onset GERD. Methods: Participants (n¿=¿1000) were randomly selected from the national Swedish population register and surveyed by questionnaires and oesophagogastroduodenoscopy in 1999-2001. All eligible subjects (n¿=¿887) were invited to a follow-up study in 2010 (response rate 79%). In a case-control study of 213 subjects (functional dyspepsia vs healthy controls), histology from the duodenum was evaluated at baseline and the possible association of eosinophilia to new onset GERD symptoms was analysed. Results: Functional dyspepsia (OR 7.6; 95% CI 2.93-19.4, P¿<¿0.001) and post-prandial distress syndrome at baseline (OR 9.0, 95% CI 3.36-24.0, P¿<¿0.001) were associated with an increased risk of GERD at follow-up. Eosinophilia in the second part of duodenum only was independently associated with an increased risk of GERD amongst those with functional dyspepsia (OR 4.2; 95% CI 1.2-4.77, P¿=¿0.024) and post-prandial distress syndrome at baseline (OR 6.0; 95% CI 1.50-23.6, P¿=¿0.011), respectively. Conclusions: Duodenal eosinophilia is associated with increased risk of GERD at 10-year follow-up in those with functional dyspepsia and post-prandial distress syndrome at baseline. Duodenal eosinophilia may explain the link between GERD and functional dyspepsia, suggesting subsets of functional dyspepsia and GERD may be part of the same disease spectrum.
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Nova |
2019 |
Koloski N, Jones M, Walker MM, Veysey M, Zala A, Keely S, et al., 'Population based study: atopy and autoimmune diseases are associated with functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome, independent of psychological distress', Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 49 546-555 (2019) [C1]
Background: The pathogenesis of functional GI disorders (FGIDs) is uncertain. However, underlying immune activation and psychological distress has been documented in irritable bow... [more]
Background: The pathogenesis of functional GI disorders (FGIDs) is uncertain. However, underlying immune activation and psychological distress has been documented in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia (FD). Epidemiological data from the UK suggest that FGIDs are linked to atopy and certain autoimmune diseases but this has not been confirmed. Aim: To test if allergic or autoimmune diseases are independently associated with FGIDs, irrespective of psychological distress in a large population based study. Methods: A total of 3542 people (mean age 57.9¿years and 52.7% females) randomly selected from the Australian population, returned a mail survey (response rate¿=¿43%). The survey asked about a physician diagnosis of autoimmune disease (scleroderma, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus) or allergic conditions (asthma, food, pollen and/or animal allergy). The questionnaire assessed psychological distress and Rome III criteria for FD and IBS. Results: Asthma, food, pollen and animal allergies, psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis were univariately significantly associated with IBS and FD. Food allergy (OR¿=¿1.66; 95% CI¿=¿1.15-2.40, P¿=¿0.007), psoriasis (OR¿=¿1.81; 95% CI¿=¿1.19-2.74, P¿=¿0.006) and rheumatoid arthritis (OR¿=¿1.68; 95% CI¿=¿1.15-2.4, P¿=¿0.007) were independent risk factors for IBS, controlling for age, gender and psychological distress. In FD, asthma (OR¿=¿1.32; 95% CI¿=¿1.04-1.68, P¿=¿0.025) and food allergy (OR¿=¿1.78; 95% CI¿=¿1.28-2.49, P¿=¿0.001) were independent predictors, controlling for age, sex and psychological distress. Conclusions: There is evidence that both atopic and autoimmune diseases are risk factors for FGIDs, independent of psychological distress, differing in IBS and FD. This provides evidence that different peripheral pathways may be involved in the pathogenesis of certain FGIDs.
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Nova |
2019 |
Tursi A, Brandimarte G, Di Mario F, Lanas A, Scarpignato C, Bafutto M, et al., 'The DICA Endoscopic Classification for Diverticular Disease of the Colon Shows a Significant Interobserver Agreement among Community Endoscopists: an International Study', JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER DISEASES, 28 39-43 (2019) [C1]
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2019 |
Tursi A, Brandimarte G, Di Mario F, Lanas A, Scarpignato C, Bafutto M, et al., 'International Consensus on Diverticulosis and Diverticular Disease. Statements from the 3rd International Symposium on Diverticular Disease', JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER DISEASES, 28 57-65 (2019) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Duncanson K, Burrows T, Keely S, Potter M, Das G, Walker M, Talley NJ, 'The alignment of dietary intake and symptom-reporting capture periods in studies assessing associations between food and functional gastrointestinal disorder symptoms: A systematic review', Nutrients, 11 (2019) [C1]
Food ingestion is heavily implicated in inducing symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia (FD), which affect over one-third of adults in developed count... [more]
Food ingestion is heavily implicated in inducing symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia (FD), which affect over one-third of adults in developed countries. The primary aim of this paper was to assess the alignment of dietary assessment and symptom-reporting capture periods in diet-related studies on IBS or FD in adults. Secondary aims were to compare the degree of alignment, validity of symptom-reporting tools and reported significant associations between food ingestion and symptoms. A five-database systematic literature search resulted in 40 included studies, from which data were extracted and collated. The food/diet and symptom capture periods matched exactly in 60% (n = 24/40) of studies, overlapped in 30% (n = 12/40) of studies and were not aligned in 10% (n = 4/40) of studies. Only 30% (n = 12/40) of studies that reported a significant association between food and global gastrointestinal symptoms used a validated symptom-reporting tool. Of the thirty (75%) studies that reported at least one significant association between individual gastrointestinal symptoms and dietary intake, only four (13%) used a validated symptom tool. Guidelines to ensure that validated symptom-reporting tools are matched with fit-for-purpose dietary assessment methods are needed to minimise discrepancies in the alignment of food and symptom tools, in order to progress functional gastrointestinal disorder research.
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2019 |
Järbrink-Sehgal ME, Rassam L, Jasim A, Walker MM, Talley NJ, Agréus L, et al., 'Diverticulosis, Symptoms and Colonic Inflammation: A Population-Based Colonoscopy Study', American Journal of Gastroenterology, 114 500-510 (2019) [C1]
INTRODUCTION:Low-grade chronic inflammation has been suggested to play a role in uncomplicated asymptomatic and symptomatic diverticular disease. However, population-based studies... [more]
INTRODUCTION:Low-grade chronic inflammation has been suggested to play a role in uncomplicated asymptomatic and symptomatic diverticular disease. However, population-based studies are lacking. We investigated whether community participants with diverticulosis, with or without symptoms, would have colonic inflammation on histology and serology.METHODS:In a nested case-control study of 254 participants from the population-based colonoscopy (PopCol) study, colonic histological inflammatory markers and serological C-reactive protein levels were analyzed in cases with diverticulosis and controls without diverticulosis. Statistical methods included logistic and linear regression models.RESULTS:Background variables including age (P = 0.92), sex (P = 1.00), body mass index (P = 0.71), smoking (P = 0.34), and recent antibiotic exposure (P = 0.68) were similar between cases and controls. Cases reported more abdominal pain (P = 0.04) and diarrhea symptoms (mushy and high-frequency stools) than controls (P = 0.01 and P = 0.03, respectively) but were otherwise similar. The median C-reactive protein levels were similar among cases and controls [1.05 mg/L (0.3, 2.7) vs 0.8 (0.4, 2.2), P = 0.53]. There was a trend of increased numbers of cecal lymphoid aggregates in cases vs controls (P = 0.07), but no other associations between diverticulosis and inflammatory markers on histology were found. Similarly, no serological or mucosal inflammation was associated with symptomatic cases of diarrhea or abdominal pain vs asymptomatic controls.CONCLUSIONS:In a general community sample, both asymptomatic and symptomatic diverticulosis are not associated with colonic mucosal inflammation. Other explanations for symptomatic colonic diverticulosis need to be identified.
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2019 |
Thorell K, Inganas L, Backhans A, Agreus L, Ost A, Walker MM, et al., 'Isolates from Colonic Spirochetosis in Humans Show High Genomic Divergence and Potential Pathogenic Features but Are Not Detected Using Standard Primers for the Human Microbiota', JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY, 201 (2019) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Ronkainen J, Aro P, Walker MM, Agreus L, Johansson S-E, Jones M, Talley NJ, 'Editorial: the overlap between dyspepsia and gastro-oesophageal reflux-is duodenal eosinophilia the missing link? Authors' reply', ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 50 455-456 (2019)
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2019 |
Walker MM, 'Editorial: determinants of diagnostic delay in autoimmune atrophic gastritis-a salutary lesson', ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 50 458-459 (2019)
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2019 |
Cook D, Zala A, Bollipo S, Potter MDE, Walker MM, Talley NJ, 'Oesophageal food bolus obstruction and eosinophilic oesophagitis', INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL, 49 1032-1034 (2019)
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2019 |
King S, Walker M, Neilsen S, O'Brien M, 'Changing the Culture of Tumor Tissue Biobanking in a Tertiary Referral Hospital Using an Audit and Feedback Strategy', Biopreservation and Biobanking, 17 64-70 (2019) [C1]
We examined whether the introduction of an audit and feedback strategy applied to specimens dissected at the John Hunter Hospital anatomical pathology department improved the numb... [more]
We examined whether the introduction of an audit and feedback strategy applied to specimens dissected at the John Hunter Hospital anatomical pathology department improved the number of formalin fixed tumor specimens sampled by anatomical pathology registrars for the Hunter Cancer Biobank. During the audit period (1/7/16 to 30/6/17) a total of 949 tumor specimens were sampled for the biobank compared with 393 of the previous year (1/7/15 to 30/6/16) resulting in a 141% increase in specimens biobanked. A targeted group of previously underrepresented specimen types, including brain, lung, and lymph node tumors were studied in depth to establish which specimens were sampled and which potentially biobankable specimens were "missed". In this targeted group there was a 285% increase in the number of specimens biobanked and a statistically significant (p < 0.001) increase in tumor sampling in all three specimen types over the audit period compared with the previous year. In conclusion, the introduction of an audit and feedback strategy improved tumor tissue collection for biobanking. A potential drawback of email feedback is that overfixation may occur due to administrative time lag and these specimens must be documented accordingly because some tests are dependent on an optimal fixation time. Taking extra blocks for biobanking on all potential tumor specimens with excess tumor tissue at the time of cut-up can alleviate this problem.
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Nova |
2019 |
Walker MM, Talley NJ, 'Functional Dyspepsia in the Elderly', Current Gastroenterology Reports, 21 (2019) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Jarbrink-Sehgal ME, Rassam L, Jasim A, Walker M, Talley NJ, Agreus L, et al., 'Why Do We Have to Look Deep to Understand Diverticulitis? Response', AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, 114 1348-1349 (2019)
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2019 |
Jarbrink-Sehgal ME, Rassam L, Jasim A, Walker M, Talley NJ, Agreus L, et al., 'Endoscopic Diagnosis of Diverticulosis and Diagnosis of Symptomatic Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease of the Colon: If You Properly Classify, You Properly Make the Diagnosis Response', AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, 114 1350-1351 (2019)
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2019 |
Talley NJ, Holtmann G, Walker MM, Burns G, Potter M, Shah A, et al., 'Circulating Anti-cytolethal Distending Toxin B and Anti-vinculin Antibodies as Biomarkers in Community and Healthcare Populations With Functional Dyspepsia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome.', Clin Transl Gastroenterol, 10 e00064 (2019) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Stollman N, Picchio M, Biondo S, Lahat A, Dumitrascu DL, Regula J, Walker MMD, 'Critical Issues on Diverticular Disease', JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER DISEASES, 28 35-37 (2019) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Walker MM, Potter MD, Talley NJ, 'Tangible pathologies in functional dyspepsia', Best Practice and Research: Clinical Gastroenterology, 40-41 (2019) [C1]
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Nova |
2018 |
Gao F, Griffin N, Faulkner S, Rowe CW, Williams L, Roselli S, et al., 'The neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor TrkA and its ligand NGF are increased in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung', SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 8 (2018) [C1]
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Nova |
2018 |
Talley NJ, Walker MM, 'The Rise and Rise of Eosinophilic Gut Diseases Including Eosinophilic Esophagitis Is Probably Not Explained by the Disappearance of Helicobacter pylori, so Who or What's to Blame?', AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, 113 941-944 (2018)
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2018 |
Potter MDE, Walker MM, Jones MP, Koloski NA, Keely S, Talley NJ, 'Wheat Intolerance and Chronic Gastrointestinal Symptoms in an Australian Population-based Study: Association Between Wheat Sensitivity, Celiac Disease and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders', American Journal of Gastroenterology, 113 1036-1044 (2018) [C1]
OBJECTIVES: Wheat avoidance in the absence of celiac disease (CD) is common but occurrence of concurrent functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in this group is uncertain. ... [more]
OBJECTIVES: Wheat avoidance in the absence of celiac disease (CD) is common but occurrence of concurrent functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in this group is uncertain. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of self-reported wheat or gluten sensitivity and doctor diagnosed CD in an Australian population, define the associated gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and FGIDs, and determine the relationship between self-reported wheat sensitivity, demographic and medical factors. Methods: A total of 3542 people randomly selected from the Australian population returned a mail survey which contained questions on wheat avoidance, GI symptoms, demographic, medical, and lifestyle factors. We defined self-reported wheat sensitivity as people who reported gastrointestinal symptoms on ingestion of wheat based foods, but did not suffer from celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease or colorectal cancer. Functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were diagnosed by Rome III criteria. CD status was self-reported. Results: The prevalence of self-reported wheat sensitivity in this cohort was 14.9% (95% CI 13.7¿16.2). The prevalence of CD was 1.2% (95%CI 0.8¿1.6). Doctor diagnosed CD was significantly associated with a diagnosis of FD (OR 3.35, 95%CI 1.72¿6.52) and IBS (OR 2.28, 95%CI 1.08¿4.81). Those with self-reported wheat sensitivity were more likely to report multiple abdominal symptoms (of the 18 assessed) than those without (3.9 symptoms with self-reported wheat sensitivity vs. 1.6 without, p = 0.0001). In a multivariate analysis, self-reported wheat sensitivity was independently associated with IBS (OR 3.55, 95%CI 2.71¿4.65) and FD (1.48, 95%CI 1.13¿1.94). Conclusions: Self-reported wheat sensitivity is common, with a prevalence of 14.9% in this cohort. There is a strong association between both celiac disease and self-reported wheat sensitivity, and chronic gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as a diagnosis of FD and IBS.
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Nova |
2018 |
Walker MM, Potter M, Talley NJ, 'Eosinophilic gastroenteritis and other eosinophilic gut diseases distal to the oesophagus', The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 3 271-280 (2018) [C1]
Under normal physiological conditions, eosinophils are present throughout the gastrointestinal tract distal to the squamous oesophagus. Increases in their numbers signify primary ... [more]
Under normal physiological conditions, eosinophils are present throughout the gastrointestinal tract distal to the squamous oesophagus. Increases in their numbers signify primary and secondary eosinophilic conditions. The rare primary eosinophilic diseases eosinophilic gastroenteritis and eosinophilic colitis affect fewer than ten in 100 000 people, and are characterised by numerous mucosal eosinophils, distributed in sheets and sometimes extending from the mucosa into the submucosa. Pathogenesis of these diseases is poorly understood, but food allergies and intestinal dysbiosis have been implicated. Presentation ranges from vague abdominal symptoms and systemic complaints to, rarely, an acute abdomen with intestinal obstruction. Diagnosis is made from mucosal biopsy samples taken at endoscopy or from surgically resected specimens that demonstrate substantially increased numbers of eosinophils. Eosinophilia secondary to other conditions, such as pathogenic infections, must be excluded. Subtle eosinophilia has also been identified in the duodenum in functional dyspepsia and in the colon in spirochaetosis. Treatment of eosinophilic gastroenteritis and eosinophilic colitis is based on evidence from case reports and small case series, and first-line therapy includes empirical food-elimination diets and single courses of steroids, whereas relapsing or refractory disease might respond to steroid-sparing immunosuppressive agents and biological agents. The progression of disease in eosinophilic gastroenteritis and eosinophilic colitis is variable: a considerable number of patients have just one episode without relapse, whereas others have relapsing-remitting or chronic disease. Primary and secondary eosinophilia in the gastrointestinal tract is increasingly recognised as a clinical conundrum waiting to be solved.
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Nova |
2018 |
Mateer SW, Mathe A, Bruce J, Liu G, Maltby S, Fricker M, et al., 'IL-6 Drives Neutrophil-Mediated Pulmonary Inflammation Associated with Bacteremia in Murine Models of Colitis', American Journal of Pathology, 188 1625-1639 (2018) [C1]
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with several immune-mediated extraintestinal manifestations. More than half of all IBD patients have some form of respiratory pathol... [more]
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with several immune-mediated extraintestinal manifestations. More than half of all IBD patients have some form of respiratory pathology, most commonly neutrophil-mediated diseases, such as bronchiectasis and chronic bronchitis. Using murine models of colitis, we aimed to identify the immune mechanisms driving pulmonary manifestations of IBD. We found increased neutrophil numbers in lung tissue associated with the pulmonary vasculature in both trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid¿ and dextran sulfate sodium¿induced models of colitis. Analysis of systemic inflammation identified that neutrophilia was associated with bacteremia and pyrexia in animal models of colitis. We further identified IL-6 as a systemic mediator of neutrophil recruitment from the bone marrow of dextran sulfate sodium animals. Functional inhibition of IL-6 led to reduced systemic and pulmonary neutrophilia, but it did not attenuate established colitis pathology. These data suggest that systemic bacteremia and pyrexia drive IL-6 secretion, which is a critical driver for pulmonary manifestation of IBD. Targeting IL-6 may reduce neutrophil-associated extraintestinal manifestations in IBD patients.
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Nova |
2018 |
Ludvigsson JF, Ciacci C, Green PHR, Kaukinen K, Korponay-Szabo IR, Kurppa K, et al., 'Outcome measures in coeliac disease trials: The Tampere recommendations', Gut, 67 1410-1424 (2018) [C1]
Objective A gluten-free diet is the only treatment option of coeliac disease, but recently an increasing number of trials have begun to explore alternative treatment strategies. W... [more]
Objective A gluten-free diet is the only treatment option of coeliac disease, but recently an increasing number of trials have begun to explore alternative treatment strategies. We aimed to review the literature on coeliac disease therapeutic trials and issue recommendations for outcome measures. Design Based on a literature review of 10 062 references, we (17 researchers and 2 patient representatives from 10 countries) reviewed the use and suitability of both clinical and non-clinical outcome measures. We then made expert-based recommendations for use of these outcomes in coeliac disease trials and identified areas where research is needed. Results We comment on the use of histology, serology, clinical outcome assessment (including patient-reported outcomes), quality of life and immunological tools including gluten immunogenic peptides for trials in coeliac disease. Conclusion Careful evaluation and reporting of outcome measures will increase transparency and comparability of coeliac disease therapeutic trials, and will benefit patients, healthcare and the pharmaceutical industry.
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Nova |
2018 |
Duncanson KR, Talley NJ, Walker MM, Burrows TL, 'Food and functional dyspepsia: A systematic review', Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 31 390-407 (2018) [C1]
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Nova |
2018 |
Potter MDE, Brienesse SC, Walker MM, Boyle A, Talley NJ, 'Effect of the gluten-free diet on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with coeliac disease: A systematic review', Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Australia), 33 781-791 (2018) [C1]
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Nova |
2018 |
Fricker M, Goggins BJ, Mateer S, Jones B, Kim RY, Gellatly SL, et al., 'Chronic cigarette smoke exposure induces systemic hypoxia that drives intestinal dysfunction.', JCI insight, 3 1-19 (2018) [C1]
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Nova |
2018 |
Potter MD, Walker MM, Jones MP, Koloski NA, Keely S, Talley NJ, 'Letter: gluten sensitivity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease', ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 48 1167-1168 (2018)
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2018 |
Dellon ES, Liacouras CA, Molina-Infante J, Furuta GT, Spergel JM, Zevit N, et al., 'Updated International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria for Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Proceedings of the AGREE Conference', Gastroenterology, 155 1022-1033.e10 (2018) [C1]
Background & Aims: Over the last decade, clinical experiences and research studies raised concerns regarding use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) as part of the diagnostic str... [more]
Background & Aims: Over the last decade, clinical experiences and research studies raised concerns regarding use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) as part of the diagnostic strategy for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). We aimed to clarify the use of PPIs in the evaluation and treatment of children and adults with suspected EoE to develop updated international consensus criteria for EoE diagnosis. Methods: A consensus conference was convened to address the issue of PPI use for esophageal eosinophilia using a process consistent with standards described in the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II. Pediatric and adult physicians and researchers from gastroenterology, allergy, and pathology subspecialties representing 14 countries used online communications, teleconferences, and a face-to-face meeting to review the literature and clinical experiences. Results: Substantial evidence documented that PPIs reduce esophageal eosinophilia in children, adolescents, and adults, with several mechanisms potentially explaining the treatment effect. Based on these findings, an updated diagnostic algorithm for EoE was developed, with removal of the PPI trial requirement. Conclusions: EoE should be diagnosed when there are symptoms of esophageal dysfunction and at least 15 eosinophils per high-power field (or approximately 60 eosinophils per mm2) on esophageal biopsy and after a comprehensive assessment of non-EoE disorders that could cause or potentially contribute to esophageal eosinophilia. The evidence suggests that PPIs are better classified as a treatment for esophageal eosinophilia that may be due to EoE than as a diagnostic criterion, and we have developed updated consensus criteria for EoE that reflect this change.
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Nova |
2018 |
Hollins SL, Brock L, Barreto R, Harms L, Dunn A, Garcia-Sobrinho P, et al., 'A rodent model of anxiety: The effect of perinatal immune challenges on gastrointestinal inflammation and integrity', NeuroImmunoModulation, 25 163-175 (2018) [C1]
Objectives: Gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation and GI integrity deficits are common comorbidities of neuropsychiatric disorders. Ongoing research suggests that these aberrations m... [more]
Objectives: Gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation and GI integrity deficits are common comorbidities of neuropsychiatric disorders. Ongoing research suggests that these aberrations may be contributing to heightened immune signals that have the potential to disrupt neuronal homeostasis and exacerbate behavioural deficits. The current study aimed to determine whether the well-characterized animal model of neuropsychopathology, the maternal immune activation (MIA) model, produced GI inflammation and integrity disruptions in association with anxiety-like behaviour. Methods: Pregnant Wistar rats were exposed to the viral mimetic polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidilic acid (polyI:C) on gestational days (GD) 10 and 19. Evidence of ANS activation, GI inflammation, and GI barrier integrity was assessed in both neonatal (postnatal day, P7) and adult (P84) offspring. Anxiety-like behaviour was assessed at P100. Results: Neonatal MIA offspring exhibited an altered intestinal inflammatory profile and evidence of an increase in lymphoid aggregates. MIA neonates also displayed disruptions to GI barrier tight junction protein mRNA. In addition, adult MIA offspring exhibited an increase in anxiety-like behaviours. Conclusion: These results indicate that the MIA rat model, which is well documented to produce behavioural, neurochemical, and neuroanatomical abnormalities, also produces GI inflammation and integrity disruptions. We suggest that this model may be a useful tool to elucidate biological pathways associated with neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Nova |
2018 |
Faulkner S, Jobling P, Rowe CW, Rodrigues Oliveira SM, Roselli S, Thorne RF, et al., 'Neurotrophin Receptors TrkA, p75
Neurotrophin receptors are emerging targets in oncology, but their clinicopathologic significance in thyroid cancer is unclear. In this study, the neurotrophin tyrosine receptor k... [more]
Neurotrophin receptors are emerging targets in oncology, but their clinicopathologic significance in thyroid cancer is unclear. In this study, the neurotrophin tyrosine receptor kinase TrkA (also called NTRK1), the common neurotrophin receptor p75NTR, and the proneurotrophin receptor sortilin were analyzed with immunohistochemistry in a cohort of thyroid cancers (n = 128) and compared with adenomas and normal thyroid tissues (n = 62). TrkA was detected in 20% of thyroid cancers, compared with none of the benign samples (P = 0.0007). TrkA expression was independent of histologic subtypes but associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0148), suggesting the involvement of TrkA in tumor invasiveness. Nerves in the tumor microenvironment were positive for TrkA. p75NTR was overexpressed in anaplastic thyroid cancers compared with papillary and follicular subtypes (P < 0.0001). Sortilin was overexpressed in thyroid cancers compared with benign thyroid tissues (P < 0.0001). Neurotrophin receptor expression was confirmed in a panel of thyroid cancer cell lines at the mRNA and protein levels. Functional investigations using the anaplastic thyroid cancer cell line CAL-62 found that siRNA against TrkA, p75NTR, and sortilin decreased cell survival and cell migration through decreased SRC and ERK activation. Together, these data reveal TrkA, p75NTR, and sortilin as potential therapeutic targets in thyroid cancer.
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Nova |
2018 |
Shanahan ER, Shah A, Koloski N, Walker MM, Talley NJ, Morrison M, Holtmann GJ, 'Influence of cigarette smoking on the human duodenal mucosa-associated microbiota', Microbiome, 6 1-12 (2018) [C1]
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2018 |
Lynagh M, Horton G, Nair BK, Walker M, Kelly B, Powis D, 'Student selection for medicine: Still a Thorny issue', Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences, 6 (2018) [C1]
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Nova |
2018 |
Potter MDE, Walker MM, Hancock S, Holliday E, Brogan G, Jones M, et al., 'A Serological Diagnosis of Coeliac Disease Is Associated with Osteoporosis in Older Australian Adults.', Nutrients, 10 (2018) [C1]
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Nova |
2018 |
Potter MDE, Walker MM, Keely S, Talley NJ, 'What's in a name? 'Non-coeliac gluten or wheat sensitivity': controversies and mechanisms related to wheat and gluten causing gastrointestinal symptoms or disease.', Gut, 67 2073-2077 (2018) [C1]
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2017 |
Powell N, Walker MM, Talley NJ, 'The mucosal immune system: Master regulator of bidirectional gut-brain communications', Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 14 143-159 (2017) [C1]
Communication between the brain and gut is not one-way, but a bidirectional highway whereby reciprocal signals between the two organ systems are exchanged to coordinate function. ... [more]
Communication between the brain and gut is not one-way, but a bidirectional highway whereby reciprocal signals between the two organ systems are exchanged to coordinate function. The messengers of this complex dialogue include neural, metabolic, endocrine and immune mediators responsive to diverse environmental cues, including nutrients and components of the intestinal microbiota (microbiota-gut-brain axis). We are now starting to understand how perturbation of these systems affects transition between health and disease. The pathological repercussions of disordered gut-brain dialogue are probably especially pertinent in functional gastrointestinal diseases, including IBS and functional dyspepsia. New insights into these pathways might lead to novel treatment strategies in these common gastrointestinal diseases. In this Review, we consider the role of the immune system as the gatekeeper and master regulator of brain-gut and gut-brain communications. Although adaptive immunity (T cells in particular) participates in this process, there is an emerging role for cells of the innate immune compartment (including innate lymphoid cells and cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system). We will also consider how these key immune cells interact with the specific components of the enteric and central nervous systems, and rapidly respond to environmental variables, including the microbiota, to alter gut homeostasis.
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2017 |
Goodsall TM, Talley NJ, Rassam L, Wood NK, Zala A, Jones M, Walker MM, 'Unique pathology of colonic spirochaetosis characterised by mucosal eosinophilia is linked to diarrhoea and IBS', GUT, 66 978-+ (2017)
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2017 |
Farrell KE, Keely S, Walker MM, Brichta AM, Graham BA, Callister RJ, 'Altered intrinsic and synaptic properties of lumbosacral dorsal horn neurons in a mouse model of colitis', Neuroscience, 362 152-167 (2017) [C1]
Visceral pain in inflammatory and functional gastrointestinal conditions is a major clinical problem. The exact mechanisms underlying the development of pain, during and after vis... [more]
Visceral pain in inflammatory and functional gastrointestinal conditions is a major clinical problem. The exact mechanisms underlying the development of pain, during and after visceral inflammation are unknown. However, clinical and pre-clinical evidence suggests plasticity within the spinal cord dorsal horn is a contributing factor. Here we use an in vivo preparation and patch-clamp electrophysiology to test whether the synaptic and intrinsic properties of superficial dorsal horn (SDH) neurons are altered 5 days after the induction of mild colitis in adult male mice (i.e. during acute inflammation of the colon). Whole-cell recordings were made from lumbosacral (L6-S1) superficial dorsal horn neurons (SDH), in animals under isoflurane anesthesia. Noxious colorectal distension (CRD) was used to identify SDH neurons with colonic inputs, while stimulation of the hind paw and tail was employed to assess convergent cutaneous input. Following inflammation, a significantly increased proportion of SDH neurons received both colonic and cutaneous inputs, compared to neurons in naïve animals. In addition, the nature and magnitude of responses to CRD and cutaneous stimulation differed in inflamed animals, as was spontaneous excitatory synaptic drive. Conversely, several measures of intrinsic excitability were altered in a manner that would decrease SDH network excitability following colitis. We propose that during inflammation, sensitization of colonic afferents results in increased signaling to the SDH. This is accompanied by plasticity in SDH neurons whereby their intrinsic properties are changed to compensate for altered afferent activity.
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2017 |
Potter MD, Walker MM, Talley NJ, 'Non-coeliac gluten or wheat sensitivity: emerging disease or misdiagnosis?', The Medical journal of Australia, 207 211-215 (2017) [C1]
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Nova |
2017 |
Walker MM, Harris AK, 'Pathogenesis of diverticulosis and diverticular disease', Minerva Gastroenterologica e Dietologica, 63 99-109 (2017) [C1]
Diverticulosis is defined by the presence of diverticula due to herniation of mucosa and muscularis mucosa through the muscularis propria at sites of vascular penetration in the c... [more]
Diverticulosis is defined by the presence of diverticula due to herniation of mucosa and muscularis mucosa through the muscularis propria at sites of vascular penetration in the colon and is asymptomatic in the vast majority affected. There are global differences of distribution, in Western industrialized societies, the most common site is in the left colon, but in Asia right sided diverticulosis predominates. Whilst present in 17.5% of a general population and 42% of all comers at endoscopy it is seen in 71% of those aged >80 years. Diverticular disease is defined as clinically significant and symptomatic diverticulosis, which may have an absence of macroscopically overt colitis and in true diverticulitis there is macroscopic inflammation of diverticula with related acute or chronic complications. Whilst overall, diverticulitis affects only 4% of those with diverticulosis, in younger patients (aged 40-49 years) this peaks at 11%. Diverticulosis is one of the most common chronic diseases, yet research in this field on pathogenesis has lagged behind other common conditions such as diabetes mellitus. However, in the last decade there have been major advances in taxonomy that can be used to relate to patients' outcome and treatment in both medicine and surgery. It has been shown there is an association with age, diet, drugs and smoking. Genetic studies have shown a familial association and a specific gene, TNFSF 15 may predict severity of disease. The role of the microbiome has been explored and microbial and metabolomic signatures are also important in predicting disease severity. That diverticulosis is a chronic disease is shown by mucosal pathology with subtle chronic inflammation present in those with asymptomatic diverticulosis and inflammation may lead to muscular hypertrophy, enteric nerve remodeling with disordered motility. The diverticulitis quality of life instrument shows that this condition impacts markedly on patients' well-being and prevention and amelioration of complications should be the aim of treatment and further research to attain this goal is needed.
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2017 |
Talley NJ, Walker MM, 'Celiac Disease and Nonceliac Gluten or Wheat Sensitivity The Risks and Benefits of Diagnosis', JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE, 177 615-616 (2017)
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2017 |
Rutledge A, Jobling P, Walker MM, Denham JW, Hondermarck H, 'Spinal Cord Injuries and Nerve Dependence in Prostate Cancer', Trends in Cancer, 3 812-815 (2017) [C1]
Nerves are emerging as drivers of tumorigenesis, as demonstrated in the mouse where denervation suppresses prostate cancer; however, clinical evidence is needed. Patients with spi... [more]
Nerves are emerging as drivers of tumorigenesis, as demonstrated in the mouse where denervation suppresses prostate cancer; however, clinical evidence is needed. Patients with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) resulting in functional denervation of the prostate have a lower incidence of prostate cancer. This may constitute a clinical evidence for nerve dependence in human prostate tumorigenesis.
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2017 |
Jones MP, Walker MM, Attia JR, 'Understanding statistical principles in correlation, causation and moderation in human disease', Medical Journal of Australia, 207 104-106.e1 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Walker MM, Talley NJ, 'The Role of Duodenal Inflammation in Functional Dyspepsia', Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology, 51 12-18 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Wauters L, Nightingale S, Jones M, Talley NJ, Walker MM, 'Letter: functional dyspepsia is associated with duodenal eosinophilia in an Australian paediatric cohort-methodological issues to avoid misinterpretation. Authors' reply', ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 46 388-388 (2017)
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2017 |
Wauters L, Nightingale S, Talley NJ, Sulaiman B, Walker MM, 'Functional dyspepsia is associated with duodenal eosinophilia in an Australian paediatric cohort', Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 45 1358-1364 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Walker MM, Ludvigsson JF, Sanders DS, 'Coeliac disease: Review of diagnosis and management', Medical Journal of Australia, 207 173-178 (2017) [C1]
Coeliac disease is an immune-mediated systemic disease triggered by exposure to gluten, and manifested by small intestinal enteropathy and gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal sy... [more]
Coeliac disease is an immune-mediated systemic disease triggered by exposure to gluten, and manifested by small intestinal enteropathy and gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms. Recent guidelines recommend a concerted use of clear definitions of the disease. · In Australia, the most recent estimated prevalence is 1.2% in adult men (1:86) and 1.9% in adult women (1:52). Active case finding is appropriate to diagnose coeliac disease in high risk groups. Diagnosis of coeliac disease is important to prevent nutritional deficiency and long term risk of gastrointestinal malignancy. · The diagnosis of coeliac disease depends on clinico-pathological correlation: history, presence of antitransglutaminase antibodies, and characteristic histological features on duodenal biopsy (when the patient is on a gluten-containing diet). Human leucocyte antigen class II haplotypes DQ2 or DQ8 are found in nearly all patients with coeliac disease, but are highly prevalent in the general population at large (56% in Australia) and testing can only exclude coeliac disease for individuals with non-permissive haplotypes. · Adhering to a gluten free diet allows duodenal mucosal healing and alleviates symptoms. Patients should be followed up with a yearly review of dietary adherence and a health check. · Non-coeliac gluten or wheat protein sensitivity is a syndrome characterised by both gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten and possibly other wheat proteins in people who do not have coeliac disease or wheat allergy recognised by diagnostic tests.
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2017 |
Zhong L, Shanahan ER, Raj A, Koloski NA, Fletcher L, Morrison M, et al., 'Dyspepsia and the microbiome: time to focus on the small intestine', GUT, 66 1168-+ (2017)
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2017 |
Marks E, Naudin C, Nolan G, Goggins BJ, Burns G, Mateer SW, et al., 'Regulation of IL-12p40 by HIF controls Th1/Th17 responses to prevent mucosal inflammation', MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY, 10 1224-1236 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Shah A, Talley NJ, Walker M, Koloski N, Morrison M, Burger D, et al., 'Is There a Link Between H. Pylori and the Epidemiology of Crohn s Disease?', Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 62 2472-2480 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Jones MP, Tack J, Van Oudenhove L, Walker MM, Holtmann G, Koloski NA, Talley NJ, 'Mood and Anxiety Disorders Precede Development of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Patients but Not in the Population', Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 15 1014-1020.e4 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Le Fevre AK, Walker MM, Hadjiashrafy A, Bhatia R, Mattes J, Talley NJ, Nightingale S, 'Elevated Serum Tissue Transglutaminase Antibodies in Children With Eosinophilic Esophagitis.', Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 65 69-74 (2017) [C1]
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2016 |
Faulkner S, Roselli S, Demont Y, Pundavela J, Choquet G, Leissner P, et al., 'ProNGF is a potential diagnostic biomarker for thyroid cancer', Oncotarget, 7 28488-28497 (2016) [C1]
The precursor for nerve growth factor (proNGF) is expressed in some cancers but its clinicopathological significance is unclear. The present study aimed to define the clinicopatho... [more]
The precursor for nerve growth factor (proNGF) is expressed in some cancers but its clinicopathological significance is unclear. The present study aimed to define the clinicopathological significance of proNGF in thyroid cancer. ProNGF expression was analysed by immunohistochemistry in two cohorts of cancer versus benign tumors (adenoma) and normal thyroid tissues. In the first cohort (40 thyroid cancers, 40 thyroid adenomas and 80 normal thyroid tissues), proNGF was found overexpressed in cancers compared to adenomas and normal samples (p<0.0001). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.84 (95% CI 0.75-0.93, p<0.0001) for cancers versus adenomas, and 0.99 (95% CI 0.98-1.00, p<0.0001) for cancers versus normal tissues. ProNGF overexpression was confirmed in a second cohort (127 cancers of various histological types and 55 normal thyroid tissues) and using a different antibody (p<0.0001). ProNGF staining intensity was highest in papillary carcinomas compared to other histological types (p<0.0001) and there was no significant association with age, gender, tumor size, stage and lymph node status. In conclusion, proNGF is increased in thyroid cancer and should be considered as a new potential diagnostic biomarker.
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2016 |
Hua S, Cook D, Walker MM, Talley NJ, 'Pharmacological treatment of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders', Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 9 1195-1209 (2016) [C1]
Introduction: Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) are increasingly prevalent chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointe... [more]
Introduction: Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) are increasingly prevalent chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, in the absence of other known causes of eosinophilia. Areas covered: Clinical management of EGIDs is challenging, as there are currently limited therapeutic options available. The most common EGID is eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), and rarer forms are eosinophilic gastritis, eosinophilic gastroenteritis, and eosinophilic colitis. Clinical presentation depends on the affected GI site. Recently duodenal eosinophilia has been recognized to commonly be present in patients with functional dyspepsia. This review will provide an overview of the pathogenesis and therapeutic management of EGIDs, with particular focus on the pharmacological strategies for these conditions. Expert commentary: Despite the considerable progress made in understanding the pathogenesis of EGIDs, there is still an urgent need for the development of specific and effective therapeutic approaches. Therapeutic management protocols are required that are based on rigorous clinical investigation in large prospective controlled trials to better understand the risks, benefits and limitations of each therapy. More well-defined and consistent end-points are also required to assess treatment outcomes, as there has been variability between patient reported outcomes, clinical outcomes, and histological outcomes in the studies to date.
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2016 |
Talley NJ, Walker MM, Holtmann G, 'Functional dyspepsia', Current Opinion in Gastroenterology, 32 467-473 (2016) [C1]
Purpose of review Functional dyspepsia affects 10% of the population. Emerging data are beginning to unravel the pathogenesis of this heterogeneous disorder, and new data on treat... [more]
Purpose of review Functional dyspepsia affects 10% of the population. Emerging data are beginning to unravel the pathogenesis of this heterogeneous disorder, and new data on treatment are helping to guide evidencebased practice. In this review, the latest advances are summarized and discussed. Recent findings The Rome IV criteria were published in 2016 and are similar to Rome III but further emphasize the subtypes (postprandial distress syndrome and epigastric pain syndrome) rather than focussing on the syndrome as a whole, and conclude that gastroesophageal reflux disease and irritable bowel syndrome are part of the functional dyspepsia spectrum. Environment is dominant in the pathogenesis. New data implicate herbivore pets and antibiotic exposure for a nongastrointestinal infection but require confirmation. Further experimental data suggest duodenal eosinophils and mast cells can alter enteric neuronal structure and function in functional dyspepsia. Summary Advances in our understanding of functional dyspepsia are changing clinical practice.
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2016 |
Walker MM, Keely SJ, Scott RJ, Talley NJ, 'Genetics, Mucosal Inflammation and the Environment in Post-Infectious Chronic Gut Syndromes', The American Journal of Gastroenterology Supplements, 3 46-51 (2016) [C1]
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2016 |
Witte A-B, Walker MM, Talley NJ, Aro P, Ronkainen J, Marrazzo V, et al., 'Decreased Number of Duodenal Endocrine Cells with Unaltered Serotonin-Containing Cells in Functional Dyspepsia', AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, 111 1852-1853 (2016)
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2016 |
Ludvigsson JF, Agreus L, Ciacci C, Crowe SE, Geller MG, Green PHR, et al., 'Transition from childhood to adulthood in coeliac disease: The Prague consensus report', Gut, 65 1242-1251 (2016) [C1]
The process of transition from childhood to adulthood is characterised by physical, mental and psychosocial development. Data on the transition and transfer of care in adolescents... [more]
The process of transition from childhood to adulthood is characterised by physical, mental and psychosocial development. Data on the transition and transfer of care in adolescents/young adults with coeliac disease (CD) are scarce. In this paper, 17 physicians from 10 countries (Sweden, Italy, the USA, Germany, Norway, the Netherlands, Australia, Britain, Israel and Denmark) and two representatives from patient organisations (Association of European Coeliac Societies and the US Celiac Disease Foundation) examined the literature on transition from childhood to adulthood in CD. Medline (Ovid) and EMBASE were searched between 1900 and September 2015. Evidence in retrieved reports was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation method. The current consensus report aims to help healthcare personnel manage CD in the adolescent and young adult and provide optimal care and transition into adult healthcare for patients with this disease. In adolescence, patients with CD should gradually assume exclusive responsibility for their care, although parental support is still important. Dietary adherence and consequences of non-Adherence should be discussed during transition. In most adolescents and young adults, routine small intestinal biopsy is not needed to reconfirm a childhood diagnosis of CD based on European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) or North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) criteria, but a biopsy may be considered where paediatric diagnostic criteria have not been fulfilled, such as, in a patient without biopsy at diagnosis, additional serology (endomysium antibody) has not been performed to confirm 10-fold positivity of tissue transglutaminase antibodies or when a no biopsy strategy has been adopted in an asymptomatic child.
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2016 |
Walker MM, 'Inflammation, Genetics, Dysbiosis, and the Environment: New Paradigms for Diagnosis in Complex Chronic Gut Syndromes.', J Clin Gastroenterol, 50 Suppl 1 S4-S5 (2016) [C1]
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2016 |
Gang L, Hsu A, Cooley MA, Jarnicki AG, Nair PM, Haw TJ, et al., 'Fibulin-1 regulates the pathogenesis of tissue remodeling in respiratory diseases', Journal of Clinical Investigation Insight, 1 (2016) [C1]
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2016 |
Napthali K, Koloski N, Walker MM, Talley NJ, 'Women and Functional Dyspepsia', WOMENS HEALTH, 12 241-250 (2016) [C1]
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2016 |
Talley NJ, Walker MM, 'Established and Emerging Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases (EGIDs): Seeing Red and Looking Ahead', DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES, 61 2453-2455 (2016)
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2016 |
Walker MM, Harris AK, Edwards GC, Talley NJ, 'A GP primer to understanding biopsy reports of the lower gastrointestinal tract', AUSTRALIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN, 45 408-413 (2016)
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2015 |
Roselli S, Pundavela J, Demont Y, Faulkner S, Keene S, Attia J, et al., 'Sortilin is associated with breast cancer aggressiveness and contributes to tumor cell adhesion and invasion', Oncotarget, 6 10473-10486 (2015) [C1]
The neuronal membrane protein sortilin has been reported in a few cancer cell lines, but its expression and impact in human tumors is unclear. In this study, sortilin was analyzed... [more]
The neuronal membrane protein sortilin has been reported in a few cancer cell lines, but its expression and impact in human tumors is unclear. In this study, sortilin was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in a series of 318 clinically annotated breast cancers and 53 normal breast tissues. Sortilin was detected in epithelial cells, with increased levels in cancers, as compared to normal tissues (p = 0.0088). It was found in 79% of invasive ductal carcinomas and 54% of invasive lobular carcinomas (p < 0.0001). There was an association between sortilin expression and lymph node involvement (p = 0.0093), suggesting a relationship with metastatic potential. In cell culture, sortilin levels were higher in cancer cell lines compared to non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells and siRNA knockdown of sortilin inhibited cancer cell adhesion, while proliferation and apoptosis were not affected. Breast cancer cell migration and invasion were also inhibited by sortilin knockdown, with a decrease in focal adhesion kinase and SRC phosphorylation. In conclusion, sortilin participates in breast tumor aggressiveness and may constitute a new therapeutic target against tumor cell invasion.
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2015 |
Collison AM, Sokulsky LA, Sherrill JD, Nightingale S, Hatchwell L, Talley NJ, et al., 'TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) regulates midline-1, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, inflammation, and remodeling in experimental eosinophilic esophagitis', Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 136 971-982 (2015) [C1]
Background Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an inflammatory disorder of the esophagus defined by eosinophil infiltration and tissue remodeling with resulting symptoms of esophage... [more]
Background Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an inflammatory disorder of the esophagus defined by eosinophil infiltration and tissue remodeling with resulting symptoms of esophageal dysfunction. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) promotes inflammation through upregulation of the E3 ubiquitin-ligase midline-1 (MID1), which binds to and deactivates the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2Ac, resulting in increased nuclear factor ¿B activation. Objective We sought to elucidate the role of TRAIL in EoE. Methods We used Aspergillus fumigatus to induce EoE in TRAIL-sufficient (wild-type) and TRAIL-deficient (TRAIL-/-) mice and targeted MID1 in the esophagus with small interfering RNA. We also treated mice with recombinant thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and TRAIL. Results TRAIL deficiency and MID1 silencing with small interfering RNA reduced esophageal eosinophil and mast cell numbers and protected against esophageal circumference enlargement, muscularis externa thickening, and collagen deposition. MID1 expression and nuclear factor ¿B activation were reduced in TRAIL-/- mice, whereas protein phosphatase 2Ac levels were increased compared with those seen in wild-type control mice. This was associated with reduced expression of CCL24, CCL11, CCL20, IL-5, IL-13, IL-25, TGFB, and TSLP. Treatment with TSLP reconstituted hallmark features of EoE in TRAIL-/- mice and recombinant TRAIL induced esophageal TSLP expression in vivo in the absence of allergen. Post hoc analysis of gene array data demonstrated significant upregulation of TRAIL and MID1 in a cohort of children with EoE compared with that seen in controls. Conclusion TRAIL regulates MID1 and TSLP, inflammation, fibrosis, smooth muscle hypertrophy, and expression of inflammatory effector chemokines and cytokines in experimental EoE.
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2015 |
Talley NJ, Holtmann G, Walker MM, 'Therapeutic strategies for functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome based on pathophysiology', Journal of Gastroenterology, 50 601-613 (2015) [C1]
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are common and distressing. They are so named because a defined pathophysiology in terms of structural or biochemical pathways is lac... [more]
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are common and distressing. They are so named because a defined pathophysiology in terms of structural or biochemical pathways is lacking. Traditionally FGIDs have been conceptualized as brain¿gut disorders, with subgroups of patients demonstrating visceral hypersensitivity and motility abnormalities as well as psychological distress. However, it is becoming apparent that there are certain structural or biochemical gut alterations among subsets with the common FGIDs, most notably functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). For example, a sodium channel mutation has been identified in IBS that may account for 2¿% of cases, and subtle intestinal inflammation has been observed in both IBS and FD. Other research has implicated early life events and stress, autoimmune disorders and atopy and infections, the gut microbiome and disordered mucosal immune activation in patients with IBS or FD. Understanding the origin of symptoms in FGIDs will allow therapy to be targeted at the pathophysiological changes, not at merely alleviating symptoms, and holds hope for eventual cure in some cases. For example, there are promising developments in manipulating the microbiome through diet, prebiotics and antibiotics in IBS, and testing and treating patients for Helicobacter pylori infection remains a mainstay of therapy in patients with dyspepsia and this infection. Locally acting drugs such as linaclotide have been an advance in treating the symptoms of constipation-predominant IBS, but do not alter the natural history of the disease. A role for a holistic approach to patients with FGIDs is warranted, as brain-to-gut and gut-to-brain pathways appear to be activated.
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2015 |
Kozakova M, Palombo C, Morizzo C, Højlund K, Hatunic M, Balkau B, et al., 'Obesity and carotid artery remodeling', Nutrition and Diabetes, 5 (2015)
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The present study tested the hypothesis that obesity-related changes in carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) might represent not only preclinical atheroscler... [more]
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The present study tested the hypothesis that obesity-related changes in carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) might represent not only preclinical atherosclerosis but an adaptive remodeling meant to preserve circumferential wall stress (CWS) in altered hemodynamic conditions characterized by body size-dependent increase in stroke volume (SV) and blood pressure (BP). SUBJECTS/METHODS: Common carotid artery (CCA) luminal diameter (LD), IMT and CWS were measured in three different populations in order to study: (A) cross-sectional associations between SV, BP, anthropometric parameters and CCA LD (266 healthy subjects with wide range of body weight (24-159 kg)); (B) longitudinal associations between CCA LD and 3-year IMT progression rate (dIMT; 571 healthy non-obese subjects without increased cardiovascular (CV) risk); (C) the impact of obesity on CCA geometry and CWS (88 obese subjects without CV complications and 88 non-obese subjects matched for gender and age). RESULTS: CCA LD was independently associated with SV that was determined by body size. In the longitudinal study, baseline LD was an independent determinant of dIMT, and dIMT of subjects in the highest LD quartile was significantly higher (28 ± 3 µm) as compared with those in the lower quartiles (8 ± 3, 16 ± 4 and 16 ± 3 µm, P = 0.001, Po0.05 and P = 0.01, respectively). In addition, CCA CWS decreased during the observational period in the highest LD quartile (from 54.2 ± 8.6 to 51.6 ± 7.4 kPa, Po0.0001). As compared with gender- and age-matched lean individuals, obese subjects had highly increased CCA LD and BP (Po0.0001 for both), but only slightly higher CWS (P = 0.05) due to a significant increase in IMT (P = 0.005 after adjustment for confounders). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that in obese subjects, the CCA wall thickens to compensate the luminal enlargement caused by body size-induced increase in SV, and therefore, to normalize the wall stress. CCA diameter in obesity could represent an additional biomarker, depicting the impact of altered hemodynamics on arterial wall.
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2015 |
Walker MM, Talley NJ, Inganäs L, Engstrand L, Jones MP, Nyhlin H, et al., 'Colonic spirochetosis is associated with colonic eosinophilia and irritable bowel syndrome in a general population in Sweden', Human Pathology, 46 277-283 (2015) [C1]
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder defined by symptoms in the absence of overt pathology. Colonic spirochetosis (CS), defined by histologic observation of spi... [more]
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder defined by symptoms in the absence of overt pathology. Colonic spirochetosis (CS), defined by histologic observation of spirochetal strains of Brachyspira in colonic biopsies, is uncommon and considered of doubtful significance. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CS in the general population, identify subtle colon pathologies, and evaluate a link with symptoms of IBS. Colonoscopy was performed in 745 subjects (aged 19-70 years, mean age 51 years, 43% male) with biopsies (ileum and 4 colonic sites) from a random population sample, Stockholm, Sweden, who completed a validated questionnaire of gastrointestinal symptoms; IBS was identified by Rome III criteria. CS was identified by histology and immunohistochemistry. In a general population, 17 individuals (2.28%; 95% confidence interval, 1.2%-3.5%) were diagnosed as having CS by histology; 6 (35%) had IBS. CS was always present in the sigmoid colon, but only 14 rectal biopsies. Eosinophils were increased in colon biopsies in CS cases versus controls, in the transverse (P =.02), sigmoid colon (P =.001), and rectum (P =.0005) with subepithelial eosinophil clusters (P =.053). Lymphoid follicles (at any site) were present in 13 CS (P =.0003). There was a 3-fold increased risk of IBS in CS (odds ratio, 3.59; 95% confidence interval, 1.27-10.11; P =.015). Polyps and diverticular disease were similar in CS cases and controls. The prevalence of CS in a general population is 2% and associated with nonconstipating IBS. Colonic eosinophilia with lymphoid follicles may signify the presence of CS.
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2015 |
Jobling P, Pundavela J, Oliveira SMR, Roselli S, Walker MM, Hondermarck H, 'Nerve-Cancer Cell Cross-talk: A Novel Promoter of Tumor Progression', CANCER RESEARCH, 75 1777-1781 (2015) [C1]
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2015 |
Pundavela J, Roselli S, Faulkner S, Attia J, Scott RJ, Thorne RF, et al., 'Nerve fibers infiltrate the tumor microenvironment and are associated with nerve growth factor production and lymph node invasion in breast cancer', Molecular Oncology, 9 1626-1635 (2015) [C1]
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2015 |
Zala AV, Walker MM, Talley NJ, 'Emerging drugs for functional dyspepsia', Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs, 20 221-233 (2015) [C1]
Introduction: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a relatively common gastrointestinal clinical condition that remains poorly understood. Controversies remain regarding the definition, p... [more]
Introduction: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a relatively common gastrointestinal clinical condition that remains poorly understood. Controversies remain regarding the definition, pathophysiology and optimum treatment the current treatment of FD is limited and no established regimen is available.Areas covered: Recent advances have improved our understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease and have led to the development of newer tailored therapies. Novel agents such as the motilin receptor agonist camicinal and the muscarinic M1 and M2 receptor antagonist acotiamide appear promising; however, the need for a safe and efficacious treatment remains largely unmet. This review describes the currently available management options for FD and critically evaluates emerging therapies.Expert opinion: The optimal treatment for FD is yet to be determined. A proton pump inhibitor or a prokinetic agent constitutes primary treatment. Helicobacter pylori testing and eradication is recommended. Based on currently available data, acotiamide appears promising, particularly in postprandial distress syndrome. Further large-scale multicentered trials are required to define the duration of treatment and the side-effect profile.
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2015 |
Keely S, Walker MM, Marks E, Talley NJ, 'Immune dysregulation in the functional gastrointestinal disorders', European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 45 1350-1359 (2015) [C1]
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2015 |
Koloski NA, Jones M, Weltman M, Kalantar J, Bone C, Gowryshankar A, et al., 'Identification of early environmental risk factors for irritable bowel syndrome and dyspepsia', Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 27 1317-1325 (2015) [C1]
Background: The role of childhood environment including exposure to infection via siblings and pets in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and dyspepsia is relatively unknown. We asses... [more]
Background: The role of childhood environment including exposure to infection via siblings and pets in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and dyspepsia is relatively unknown. We assessed proxy measures of microbial exposure in early childhood to assess if these are associated with IBS and functional dyspepsia in later life. Methods: Participants (n¿=¿767, response rate¿=¿53%) were a random population sample from Sydney, Australia who previously responded to a validated survey. IBS and functional dyspepsia were defined using Rome III criteria. Early environmental risk factors assessed included type of birth delivery, premature birth, breastfeeding, bedroom sharing, and pet exposure (the latter two then combined as early hygiene factors) up to 5¿years of age. Post infectious IBS (PI-IBS) was assessed by development of IBS following gastroenteritis. Key Results: In this sample, in adult life 17% developed IBS (of which 20% had PI-IBS) and 12% functional dyspepsia. Development of IBS was associated with childhood factors-a shorter duration of breastfeeding (odds ratios [OR]¿=¿0.87, 95% CI: 0.78-0.97, p¿=¿0.01), sharing a bedroom (OR¿=¿1.89, 95% CI: 1.73-3.08, p¿=¿0.01), exposure to a herbivore pet (OR¿=¿1.65 (1.10, 2.48), p¿=¿0.02), and hygiene factors (OR¿=¿4.39; 95% CI: 1.89-10.21, p¿=¿0.001). The sole factor associated with functional dyspepsia was exposure to a herbivore pet (1.79; 95% CI: 1.19-2.87, p¿=¿0.02). Conclusions & Inferences: Childhood environment factors, particularly bedroom sharing and pet exposure, combined with subsequent risk of microbial exposure are a risk factor for IBS in later life. These associations however need confirmation to rule out any risk of a type I error.
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2015 |
Keely S, Veysey M, Walker MM, Talley NJ, 'Letter: oxidative stress, cause or consequence of constipation-associated colorectal cancer?', Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 42 941-942 (2015) [C3]
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2015 |
Walker MM, 'Histopathology diagnosis of coeliac disease - Clinicopathological correlation is key!', Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench, 8 309-310 (2015) [C3]
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2015 |
Marks E, Goggins BJ, Cardona J, Cole S, Minahan K, Mateer S, et al., 'Oral Delivery of Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor: AKB-4924 Promotes Localized Mucosal Healing in a Mouse Model of Colitis.', Inflammatory bowel diseases, 21 267-275 (2015) [C1]
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2015 |
Walker MM, Harris AK, Edwards GC, Talley NJ, 'A GP primer for understanding upper gastrointestinal tract biopsy reports', AUSTRALIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN, 44 706-711 (2015) [C1]
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2014 |
Pundavela J, Demont Y, Jobling P, Lincz LF, Roselli S, Thorne RF, et al., 'ProNGF correlates with Gleason score and is a potential driver of nerve infiltration in prostate cancer', American Journal of Pathology, 184 3156-3162 (2014) [C1]
Nerve infiltration is essential to prostate cancer progression, but the mechanism by which nerves are attracted to prostate tumors remains unknown. We report that the precursor of... [more]
Nerve infiltration is essential to prostate cancer progression, but the mechanism by which nerves are attracted to prostate tumors remains unknown. We report that the precursor of nerve growth factor (proNGF) is overexpressed in prostate cancer and involved in the ability of prostate cancer cells to induce axonogenesis. A series of 120 prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) samples were analyzed by IHC for proNGF. ProNGF was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells, with marked expression in cancer compared with BPH. Importantly, the proNGF level positively correlated with the Gleason score (n = 104, tB = 0.51). A higher level of proNGF was observed in tumors with a Gleason score of =8 compared with a Gleason score of 7 and 6 (P < 0.001). In vitro, proNGF was detected in LNCaP, DU145, and PC-3 prostate cancer cells and BPH-1 cells but not in RWPE-1 immortalized nontumorigenic prostate epithelial cells or primary normal prostate epithelial cells. Co-culture of PC12 neuronal-like cells or 50B11 neurons with PC-3 cells resulted in neurite outgrowth in neuronal cells that was inhibited by blocking antibodies against proNGF, indicating that prostate cancer cells can induce axonogenesis via secretion of proNGF. These data reveal that ProNGF is a biomarker associated with high-risk prostate cancers and a potential driver of infiltration by nerves.
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2014 |
Ludvigsson JF, Bai JC, Biagi F, Card TR, Ciacci C, Ciclitira PJ, et al., 'Diagnosis and management of adult coeliac disease: Guidelines from the British society of gastroenterology', Gut, 63 1210-1228 (2014) [C1]
A multidisciplinary panel of 18 physicians and 3 nonphysicians from eight countries (Sweden, UK, Argentina, Australia, Italy, Finland, Norway and the USA) reviewed the literature ... [more]
A multidisciplinary panel of 18 physicians and 3 nonphysicians from eight countries (Sweden, UK, Argentina, Australia, Italy, Finland, Norway and the USA) reviewed the literature on diagnosis and management of adult coeliac disease (CD). This paper presents the recommendations of the British Society of Gastroenterology. Areas of controversies were explored through phone meetings and web surveys. Nine working groups examined the following areas of CD diagnosis and management: classification of CD; genetics and immunology; diagnostics; serology and endoscopy; follow-up; gluten-free diet; refractory CD and malignancies; quality of life; novel treatments; patient support; and screening for CD.
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Nova |
2014 |
Ford AC, Talley NJ, Walker MM, Jones MP, 'Increased prevalence of autoimmune diseases in functional gastrointestinal disorders: case-control study of 23 471 primary care patients', ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 40 827-834 (2014) [C1]
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Nova |
2014 |
Walker MM, Talley NJ, 'Review article: Bacteria and pathogenesis of disease in the upper gastrointestinal tract - Beyond the era of Helicobacter pylori', Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 39 767-779 (2014) [C1]
Background Study of the upper gastrointestinal microbiome has shown that other bacteria besides Helicobacter pylori flourish despite the hostile environment. Whilst H. pylori is t... [more]
Background Study of the upper gastrointestinal microbiome has shown that other bacteria besides Helicobacter pylori flourish despite the hostile environment. Whilst H. pylori is the most studied bacteria in this region with a defined role in inflammation and neoplasia, it is apparent that other bacteria may contribute to UGI disease. Aim To review current knowledge of bacteria inhabiting the oesophagus, stomach and duodenum. Methods Published studies on the upper gastrointestinal microbiome (extracted from PubMed during the last 20 years). Results The stomach is a hostile environment for bacteria; however, recent studies categorising the microbiota have shown surprising results. Helicobacter pylori has been intensively studied since 1984 and recent sequencing analysis of other gastric microbiota shows that H. pylori is not alone. Composition can be influenced by acid suppression, gastritis and abundance of H. pylori. Eradication of H. pylori, whilst decreasing gastric cancer is associated with an increase in asthma, reflux and obesity. A future approach may be to selectively eradicate bacteria which predispose to inflammation and cancer as opposed to a comprehensive knockout policy. In the oesophagus, viridans streptococci are the most common bacteria influenced by both oral and gastric bacteria. Oesophagitis and Barrett's oesophagus are characterised by a significant decrease in Gram-positive bacteria and an increase in Gram-negative bacteria. An inverse association of H. pylori and oesophageal adenocarcinoma is described. The duodenal microbiome has been shown to influence small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, irritable bowel syndrome and coeliac disease. The numbers of bacteria recoverable by culture are variable in the stomach mucosa and gastric juice, typically 102-104 colony-forming units (CFU)/g or mL and in the oesophagus, up to 104 bacteria per mm2 mucosal surface. In the small bowel, in health, 103 CFU/mL are normal. Conclusion This review highlights current knowledge of upper gastrointestinal bacteria and associations with disease. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Nova |
2014 |
Walker MM, Harris Diez PR, Crabtree JE, 'Commentary: Duodenal intraepithelial lymphocytosis in children without coeliac disease', Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 39 1430-1431 (2014) [C3]
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Nova |
2014 |
Walker MM, Aggarwal KR, Shim LSE, Bassan M, Kalantar JS, Weltman MD, et al., 'Duodenal eosinophilia and early satiety in functional dyspepsia: Confirmation of a positive association in an Australian cohort', JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, 29 474-479 (2014) [C1]
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Nova |
2014 |
Jones MP, Walker MM, Ford AC, Talley NJ, 'Editorial: The overlap of atopy and functional gastrointestinal disorders in primary care - Authors' reply', Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 40 1244-1245 (2014) [C3]
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2014 |
Jones MP, Walker MM, Ford AC, Talley NJ, 'The overlap of atopy and functional gastrointestinal disorders among 23 471 patients in primary care', Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 40 382-391 (2014) [C1]
Background Activation of the immune system has been demonstrated in atopy and functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). Previous data from our group have suggested a connecti... [more]
Background Activation of the immune system has been demonstrated in atopy and functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). Previous data from our group have suggested a connection between immune dysregulation, FGIDs and mood disorders. Aim To investigate if these data translate to clinical practice and examine connections from the perspective of FGIDs to determine whether atopy and FGIDs are connected via mood disorders. Methods Evidence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional dyspepsia (FD) and constipation was sought from the medical records of 30 000 primary care records over a minimum 5 year period. The same records yielded diagnoses of four atopic conditions (asthma, eczema, allergic rhinitis/hay fever and conjunctivitis). Results Atopic conditions were found in excess among all FGID groups considered when compared with controls. In the groups with IBS alone (OR = 1.43, 1.29-1.58), FD alone (OR = 1.41, 1.26-1.58) and those with multiple FGIDs (OR = 1.92, 1.75-2.12) there was elevated prevalence of asthma compared with controls without a FGID. Across disorders the excess was generally highest among patients diagnosed with multiple FGIDs (rhinitis/hay fever OR = 3.74, 3.32-4.20; conjunctivitis OR = 3.00, 2.49-3.62) and was only partly explained by a common association between both FGIDs and atopic conditions with mood disorders, although not for every atopic/FGID combination (rhinitis/hay fever OR = 2.60, 2.29-2.96, conjunctivitis OR = 2.34, 1.90-2.87). Conclusions Irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia and constipation share an association with atopy that is only partly explained via a common connection with mood disorders. These data have important implications for understanding both the pathophysiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders and development of new treatments. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Nova |
2014 |
Walker MM, Powell N, Talley NJ, 'Atopy and the gastrointestinal tract--a review of a common association in unexplained gastrointestinal disease.', Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 8 289-299 (2014) [C1]
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Nova |
2013 |
Talley NJ, Walker MM, 'Novel insights into the pathology of upper gut symptoms: new syndromes, new diseases.', Med J Aust, 199 440-441 (2013) [C3]
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Nova |
2013 |
Low LCM, Kinderlerer A, Walker MM, Setterfield J, 'A woman with asthma and hemorrhagic bullae', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, 52 793-794 (2013) [C3]
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Nova |
2013 |
Romero D, Kawano Y, Bengoa N, Walker MM, Maltry N, Niehrs C, et al., 'Downregulation of Dickkopf-3 disrupts prostate acinar morphogenesis through TGF-beta/Smad signalling', JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE, 126 1858-1867 (2013) [C1]
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2013 |
Harris PR, Serrano CA, Villagran A, Walker MM, Thomson M, Duarte I, et al., 'Helicobacter pylori-associated hypochlorhydria in children, and development of iron deficiency', JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY, 66 343-347 (2013) [C1]
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2013 |
Ludvigsson JF, Aro P, Walker MM, Vieth M, Agreus L, Talley NJ, et al., 'Celiac disease, eosinophilic esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease, an adult population-based study', SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, 48 808-814 (2013) [C1]
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Nova |
2013 |
Ludvigsson JF, Leffler DA, Bai JC, Biagi F, Fasano A, Green PHR, et al., 'The Oslo definitions for coeliac disease and related terms', Gut, 62 43-52 (2013) [C1]
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2013 |
Magalhaes Queiroz DM, Harris PR, Sanderson IR, Windle HJ, Walker MM, Camargos Rocha AM, et al., 'Iron Status and Helicobacter pylori Infection in Symptomatic Children: An International Multi-Centered Study', PLOS ONE, 8 (2013) [C1]
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2012 |
Ronkainen J, Walker MM, Aro P, Storskrubb T, Talley NJ, Ahmed ZB, et al., 'Lymphocytic oesophagitis, a condition in search of a disease?', GUT, 61 (2012) [C3]
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2012 |
Koloski NA, Jones M, Talley NJ, 'Authors' response', Gut, 61 1776-1777 (2012) [C3]
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2012 |
Darrington RS, Campa VM, Walker M, Bengoa-Vergniory N, Gorrono-Etxebarria I, Uysal-Onganer P, et al., 'Distinct expression and activity of GSK-3a and GSK-3ß in prostate cancer', International Journal of Cancer, 131 E872-E883 (2012) [C1]
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2012 |
Chopra S, Rowe E, Laniado M, Walker M, 'Relationship between chronic inflammation at prostate biopsy and transition zone prostate volume enlargement in a prospectively UK screened population', Journal of Clinical Urology, 5 115-119 (2012)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between histological prostatic inflammation and prostate volume at the time of prostate biopsy. From a prospective prostate ... [more]
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between histological prostatic inflammation and prostate volume at the time of prostate biopsy. From a prospective prostate cancer screening study, 137 men aged 50¿65 years, underwent prostate biopsies negative for cancer, forming the study population. Biopsy criteria were prostate specific antigen (PSA) =4 ng/ml (n = 40), or between 1.1 and 4ng/ml with a percent free PSA (%fPSA) <25% (n = 97). Total gland (TG) and transition zone (TZ) volumes were measured prior to TRUS guided biopsy. Histological classification included chronic inflammation (CIlymphocyte predominant), active inflammation (AI-neutrophil predominant), and benign prostatic tissue (BPT-no inflammatory cells). A logistic regression analysis was performed using age, TPSA, %fPSA, histology, TZ and TG volume, TZ/TG ratio, PSA density, and transition zone PSA density as continuous variables. We also mailed validated self-administered symptom scores to men in the three histological subgroups (men without cancer) at a median of follow up of 6.5 years (range 5.9¿7.1 years) after screening and biopsy. Histological chronic inflammation (n = 78, 57%) at biopsy was associated with a larger mean TG volume (30.8cc) than active inflammation (n =7, 22.7cc) and benign prostatic tissue (n = 52, 25.9cc). On bivariate analysis, chronic inflammation was associated with greater TZ volume (p = 0.0015) and TZ/TG ratio (p = 0.0008). On multivariate analysis, chronic inflammation was the only independent variable associated with a greater ratio of the TZ to TG volume (odds ratio 478, p = 0.005). IPPS symptoms scores were completed and returned by 88 men (66% compliance). In men with chronic inflammation (49), active inflammation (5), and benign tissue (30), the mean IPSS scores were 10.9, 7.2, and 8.7, respectively. These differences did not reach statistical significance p = 0.05. In this younger screened population, chronic inflammation was associated with greater prostate gland volume secondary to transition zone volume enlargement. Further research is needed to establish a causally related link for this observation. © 2011, British Association of Urological Surgeons. All rights reserved.
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2012 |
Sanders DSA, Grabsch H, Harrison R, Bateman A, Going J, Goldin R, et al., 'Comparing virtual with conventional microscopy for the consensus diagnosis of Barrett's neoplasia in the AspECT Barrett's chemoprevention trial pathology audit', Histopathology, 61 795-800 (2012) [C1]
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2012 |
Low LCM, Carton J, Walker M, Tudor-Williams G, Hardman C, 'Intrauterine Herpes Simplex Virus Infection Presenting with Hypopigmented Lesions', PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY, 29 515-517 (2012) [C1]
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2012 |
Reebye V, Cano LQ, Lavery DN, Brooke GN, Powell SM, Chotai D, et al., 'Role of the HSP90-associated cochaperone p23 in enhancing activity of the androgen receptor and significance for prostate cancer', Molecular Endocrinology, 26 1694-1706 (2012) [C1]
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2012 |
Khan MAA, Kar A, Walker MM, Lloyd J, Vale JA, Mayer EK, 'A Case of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis in association with Schistosoma hematobium', CASE REPORTS IN ONCOLOGICAL MEDICINE, 2012 (2012) [C1]
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2012 |
Mayer EK, Undre S, Cohen DC, Walker MM, Vale JA, Patel A, '"An Unusual Urological Tumour": Above the Collar and below the Belt', CASE REPORTS IN ONCOLOGICAL MEDICINE, 2012 (2012) [C1]
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2012 |
Walker MM, Woodward J, 'A clinicopathological approach to the diagnosis of coeliac disease', Diagnostic Histopathology, 18 402-410 (2012) [C1]
Coeliac disease is defined as a small bowel enteropathy due to immune mediated damage on exposure to gluten in the diet, occurring in those with a genetic predisposition to this c... [more]
Coeliac disease is defined as a small bowel enteropathy due to immune mediated damage on exposure to gluten in the diet, occurring in those with a genetic predisposition to this condition. Previously considered rare, the prevalence of coeliac disease is increasing due to a genuine rise in incidence and also better detection. The diagnosis of coeliac disease involves many disciplines, presentation is varied and if the diagnosis is delayed there is a risk of poor quality of life and a small increase in malignancy. Serology is a first line test, followed by confirmatory small intestinal biopsy. This review discusses the clinicopathological approach to diagnosis, through serology and biopsy and discusses complications which occur in some individuals, namely refractory coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis. The entity of non-coeliac gluten sensitivity is also entering the spectrum of coeliac diagnosis and may lead to an extension of the diagnostic parameters of coeliac disease. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
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2012 |
Fanous RN, Mayer EK, Vale J, Lloyd J, Walker MM, 'Primary renal embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in adults: a case report and review of the literature.', Case reports in oncological medicine, 2012 460749 (2012) [C1]
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2011 |
Walker MM, Warwick A, Ung C, Talley NJ, 'The role of eosinophils and mast cells in intestinal functional disease', Current Gastroenterology Reports, 13 323-330 (2011) [C1]
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Nova |
2011 |
Robinson MJ, Tuke PW, Erlwein O, Tettmar KI, Kaye S, Naresh KN, et al., 'No Evidence of XMRV or MuLV Sequences in Prostate Cancer, Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, or the UK Blood Donor Population.', Advances in Virology, 2011 1-6 (2011) [C1]
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2011 |
Ashby J, Ahmed A, Walker M, Wilkinson D, 'The utility of a diagnostic skin biopsy clinic within the genitourinary medicine clinic', International Journal of STD and AIDS, 22 417-418 (2011)
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2011 |
Brooke GN, Culley RL, Dart DA, Mann DJ, Gaughan L, McCracken SR, et al., 'FUS/TLS is a novel mediator of androgen-dependent cell-cycle progression and prostate cancer growth', Cancer Research, 71 914-924 (2011) [C1]
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2011 |
Lavery DN, Villaronga MA, Walker M, Patel A, Belandia B, Bevan CL, 'Repression of androgen receptor activity by HEYL, a third member of the hairy/enhancer-of-split-related family of Notch effectors', Journal of Biological Chemistry, 286 7796-7808 (2011) [C1]
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2011 |
Walker MM, Talley NJ, 'Clinical value of duodenal biopsies - Beyond the diagnosis of coeliac disease', Pathology Research and Practice, 207 538-544 (2011) [C2]
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Nova |
2010 |
Uysal-Onganer P, Kawano Y, Caro M, Walker M, Diez S, Darrington RS, et al., 'Wnt-11 promotes neuroendocrine-likedifferentiation, survival and migration of prostatecancer cells.', Molecular Cancer, 9 55-65 (2010) [C1]
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2010 |
Robinson MJ, Erlwein OW, Kaye S, Weber J, Cingoz O, Patel A, et al., 'Mouse DNA contamination in human tissue tested for XMRV', Retrovirology, 7 108-108 (2010) [C1]
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2010 |
Walker M, Murray JA, Ronkainen J, Aro P, Storskrubb T, D'Amato M, et al., 'Detection of Celiac Disease and Lymphocytic Enteropathy by Parallel Serology and Histopathology in a Population-Based Study', Gastroenterology, 139 112-119 (2010) [C1]
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2010 |
Khamri W, Walker M, Clark P, Atherton JC, Thursz MR, Bamford KB, et al., 'Helicobacter pylori stimulates dendritic cells to induce interleukin-17 expression from CD4+ T lymphocytes', Infection and Immunity, 78 845-853 (2010) [C1]
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2010 |
Walker M, Salehian SS, Murray CE, Rajendran A, Hoare JM, Negus R, et al., 'Implications of eosinophilia in the normal duodenal biopsy - An association with allergy and functional dyspepsia', Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 31 1229-1236 (2010) [C1]
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2009 |
Kogianni G, Walker M, Waxman J, Sturge J, 'Endo180 expression with cofunctional partners MT1-MMP and uPAR-uPA is correlated with prostate cancer progression', European Journal of Cancer, 45 685-693 (2009) [C1]
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2009 |
Walker M, Talley NJ, Prabhakar M, Pennaneac'H CJ, Aro P, Ronkainen J, et al., 'Duodenal mastocytosis, eosinophilia and intraepithelial lymphocytosis as possible disease markers in the irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia', Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 29 765-773 (2009) [C1]
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2008 |
Diss JKJ, Fraser SP, Walker M, Patel A, Latchman DS, Djamgoz MBA, 'ß-Subunits of voltage-gated sodium channels in human prostate cancer: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo analyses of mRNA expression', Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases, 11 325-333 (2008) [C1]
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2008 |
Walker M, Teare L, McNulty C, 'Gastric cancer and Helicobacter pylori: The bug, the host or the environment?', Postgraduate Medical Journal, 84 169-170 (2008) [C3]
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2008 |
Storskrubb T, Aro P, Ronkainen J, Sipponen P, Nyhlin H, Talley NJ, et al., 'Serum biomarkers provide an accurate method for diagnosis of atrophic gastritis in a general population: The Kalixanda study', Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 43 1448-1455 (2008) [C1]
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2008 |
Walker M, Ellis SM, Auza MJ, Patel A, Clark P, 'The intercellular adhesion molecule, cadherin-10, is a marker for human prostate luminal epithelial cells that is not expressed in prostate cancer', Modern Pathology, 21 85-95 (2008) [C1]
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2007 |
Khamri W, Worku ML, Anderson AE, Walker M, Hawgood S, Reid KBM, et al., 'Helicobacter infection in the surfactant protein D-deficient mouse', Helicobacter (Oxford), 12 112-123 (2007) [C1]
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2007 |
Ronkainen J, Storskrubb T, Hindley LA, Harmsen WS, Zinsmeister AR, Agreus L, et al., 'Non-ulcer Dyspepsia and Duodenal Eosinophilia: An Adult Endoscopic Population-Based Case-Control Study', Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 5 1175-1183 (2007) [C1]
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2007 |
Anderson AE, Worku ML, Khamri W, Bamford KB, Walker M, Thursz MR, 'TLR9 polymorphisms determine murine lymphocyte responses to Helicobacter: Results from a genome-wide scan', European Journal of Immunology, 37 1548-1561 (2007) [C1]
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2007 |
Ronkainen J, Talley NJ, Aro P, Storskrubb T, Johansson S-E, Lind T, et al., 'Prevalence of oesophageal eosinophils and eosinophilic oesophagitis in adults: The population-based Kalixanda study', Gut, 56 615-620 (2007) [C1]
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2006 |
Kawano Y, Kitaoka M, Hamada Y, Walker M, Waxman J, Kypta RM, 'Regulation of prostate cell growth and morphogenesis by Dickkopf-3', Oncogene, 25 6528-6539 (2006) [C1]
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2006 |
Diss JKJ, Faulkes DJ, Walker MM, Patel A, Foster CS, Budhram-Mahadeo V, et al., 'Brn-3a neuronal transcription factor functional expression in human prostate cancer', PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES, 9 83-91 (2006)
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2006 |
Rowe EWJ, Laniado ME, Walker M, Anup P, 'Incidental acute prostatic inflammation is associated with a lower percentage of free prostate-specific antigen than other benign conditions of the prostate: A prospective screening study', BJU International, 97 1039-1042 (2006) [C1]
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2005 |
Khamri W, Moran AP, Worku ML, Karim QN, Walker M, Annuk H, et al., 'Variations in Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide to evade the innate immune component surfactant protein D', Infection and Immunity, 73 7677-7686 (2005) [C1]
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2005 |
Belandia B, Powell SM, Garcia-Pedrero JM, Walker M, Bevan CL, Parker MG, 'Hey1, a mediator of Notch signaling, is an androgen receptor corepressor', Molecular and Cellular Biology, 25 1425-1436 (2005) [C1]
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2005 |
Moran AP, Khamri W, Walker M, Thursz MR, 'Role of surfactant protein D (SP-D) in innate immunity in the gastric mucosa: Evidence of interaction with Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide', Journal of Endotoxin Research, 11 357-362 (2005) [C1]
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2005 |
Zhu H, Mazor M, Kawano Y, Walker MM, Leung HY, Armstrong K, et al., 'Erratum: Analysis of Wnt gene expression in prostate cancer: Mutual inhibition by WNT11 and the androgen receptor (Cancer Research (November 1, 2004) 64 (7918-7926))', Cancer Research, 65 8057 (2005) |
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2005 |
Diss JKJ, Stewart D, Pani F, Foster CS, Walker M, Patel A, Djamgoz MBA, 'A potential novel marker for human prostate cancer: Voltage-gated sodium channel expression in vivo', Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases, 8 266-273 (2005) [C1]
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2005 |
Smith RD, Tran-Dang MA, Khoubehi B, Witherow R, Patel A, Walker MM, 'Stromal nodules and vessel wall proliferation in TURP specimens are associated with failure of medical therapy with alpha blockers', BJU INTERNATIONAL, 95 76-76 (2005) |
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2005 |
Rowe EWJ, Laniado ME, Walker M, Patel A, 'Prostate cancer detection in men with a 'normal' total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level using percentage free PSA: A prospective screening study', BJU International, 95 1249-1252 (2005) [C1]
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2004 |
Zhu H, Mazor M, Kawano Y, Walker M, Leung HY, Armstrong K, et al., 'Analysis of Wnt gene expression in prostate cancer: Mutual inhibition by WNT11 and the androgen receptor', Cancer Research, 64 7918-7926 (2004) [C1]
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2004 |
Dave U, Thursz MR, Ebrahim HY, Burke MM, Townsend ER, Walker M, 'Distribution of laminins in the basement membranes of the upper gastrointestinal tract and Barrett's oesophagus', Journal of Pathology, 202 299-304 (2004) [C1]
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2004 |
Swinn MJ, Walker M, Harbin LJ, Adshead JM, Witherow RO, Vale JA, Patel A, 'Biopsy of the red patch at cystoscopy: Is it worthwhile?', European Urology, 45 471-474 (2004) [C1]
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2004 |
Dave U, Taylor-Robinson SD, Walker M, Mahon M, Puri BK, Thursz MR, et al., 'In vitro 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy of Barrett's esophageal mucosa using magic angle spinning techniques', European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 16 1199-1205 (2004) [C1]
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2004 |
Hemmaway C, Walker M, Deal J, Matutes E, Bain BJ, 'Teaching cases from the Royal Marsden and St Mary's Hospitals case 25. A young boy with massive bilateral renal enlargement', Leukemia and Lymphoma, 45 1301-1303 (2004) [C1]
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2003 |
Laniado ME, McMullen I, Walker M, Patel A, 'Use and rationale of a multicompartment microcassette for site-specific biopsies of the prostate in a consecutive cohort of men', Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases, 6 50-52 (2003) [C1]
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2003 |
Jenks PJ, Jeremy AHT, Robinson PA, Walker M, Crabtree JE, 'Long-term infection with Helicobacter felis and inactivation of the tumour suppressor gene p53 cumulatively enhance the gastric mutation frequency in Big Blue® transgenic mice', Journal of Pathology, 201 596-602 (2003) [C1]
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2003 |
Walker M, 'What is tropical sprue?', Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 18 887-890 (2003) [C3]
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2002 |
Crabtree JE, Court M, Walker MM, Wang JT, Coulson PS, Coggle S, et al., 'The effects of chronic schistosomiasis on murine Helicobacter gastric epithelial cell proliferation.', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 122 A226-A226 (2002) |
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2002 |
Walker MM, Negus RP, Rice A, Loh V, Teare J, Thursz MR, 'Gastric biopsy: Where from and how many using the updated Sydney system to evaluate gastritis, atrophy and intestinal metaplasia?', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 122 A332-A332 (2002) |
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2002 |
Walker MM, Marshall JC, Morgan MY, 'Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in alcohol misusers: Dyspepsia, endoscopy and gastroduodenal pathology.', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 122 A475-A476 (2002) |
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2002 |
Walker MM, Negus RP, Rice A, Loh V, Teare J, Thursz MR, 'Gastric biopsy: Where from and how many using the updated Sydney system to evaluate gastritis, atrophy, and intestinal metaplasia?', GUT, 50 A104-A104 (2002) |
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2002 |
Dave U, Walker MM, Ebrahim H, Townsend E, Burke M, Thursz MR, 'Laminins: Distribution in normal upper GI tract and Barrett's oesophagus', GUT, 50 A125-A125 (2002) |
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2002 |
Murray E, Khamri W, Walker M, Eggleton P, Moran AP, Ferris JA, et al., 'Expression of surfactant protein D in the human gastric mucosa and during Helicobacter pylori infection', Infection and Immunity, 70 1481-1487 (2002) [C1]
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2002 |
Osborn M, Pelling N, Walker M, Fisher C, Nicholson AG, 'The value of 'mesothelium-associated' antibodies in distinguishing between metastatic renal cell carcinomas and mesotheliomas', Histopathology, 41 301-307 (2002) [C1]
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2002 |
Walker M, 'Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in early gastric cancer, intestinal metaplasia and Helicobacter pylori infection', European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 14 347-349 (2002) [C3]
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2002 |
Walker M, 'Gleason score on biopsy: Is it reliable for predicting the final grade on pathology? (Editorial comment )', BMJ: British Medical Journal, 90 698-699 (2002) [C3]
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2002 |
Walker M, Worku M, Coggle S, Thursz MR, 'A novel method for assessing gastritis in the murine model demonstrates genetically determined variation in response to Helicobacter felis infection', Helicobacter (Oxford), 7 265-268 (2002) [C1]
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2002 |
Markou A, Vale J, Vadgama B, Walker M, Franks S, 'Testicular leydig cell tumor presenting as primary infertility.', Hormones (Athens, Greece), 1 251-254 (2002)
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2001 |
Bull JH, Ellison G, Patel A, Muir G, Walker M, Underwood M, et al., 'Identification of potential diagnostic markers of prostate cancer and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia using cDNA microarray', British Journal of Cancer, 84 1512-1519 (2001) [C1]
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2001 |
Morris-Jones R, Walker M, Staughton RCD, Sheridan DJ, Rajappan K, Leonard J, Hardman C, 'Lichen myxoedematosus with associated cardiac abnormalities.', British Journal of Dermatology, 144 594-596 (2001) [C1]
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2001 |
Dave U, Loh V, Teare J, Thursz MR, Walker MM, 'Active inflammation and intestinal metaplasia at the cardia are not related to GORD', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 120 A424-A424 (2001) |
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2001 |
Dave U, Mahadeva U, Loh V, Hills K, Thursz MR, Walker MM, 'Peri Z-line biopsy during routine upper GI enddoscopy: From where and how many?', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 120 A428-A428 (2001) |
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2001 |
Crabtree JE, Court M, Walker MM, Coulson PS, Coggle S, Robinson PA, et al., 'The effects of chronic schistosomiasis on murine Helicobacter induced gastritis', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 120 A707-A707 (2001) |
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2001 |
Sutton P, Danon SJ, Walker M, Thompson LJ, Wilson J, Kosaka T, Lee A, 'Post-immunisation gastritis and helicobacter infection in the mouse: A long term study', Gut, 49 467-473 (2001) [C1]
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2001 |
Thilagarajah R, Witherow RO, Walker M, 'Oral cimetidine gives effective symptom relief in painful bladder disease: A prospective, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial', BJU International, 87 207-212 (2001) [C1]
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2001 |
Walker M, 'Gastric mucosal immune response in Helicobacter pylori infection in children - Men are not mice and more paediatric studies are needed', Digestive and Liver Disease, 33 7-9 (2001) [C1]
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2000 |
Morris-Jones R, Walker M, Hardman C, 'Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis associated with Sjogren's syndrome', British Journal of Dermatology, 143 649-650 (2000) [C1]
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2000 |
Walker MM, Teare JP, Negus R, Rice AJ, Loh V, 'Are all five biopsy sites of the updated Sydney system essential to assess gastritis?', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 118 A1320-A1320 (2000)
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2000 |
Marshall JK, Irvine EJ, 'Increased intestinal permeability precedes Crohn's disease (CD) in a subject with familial risk.', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 118 A1356-A1356 (2000) |
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2000 |
Marshall JC, Karim NQ, Worku M, Morgan MY, Walker MM, 'Motility and survival of Helicobacter pylori in alcoholic beverages.', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 118 A1356-A1356 (2000) |
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2000 |
Griffiths AE, Walker MM, Loh V, Thursz MR, 'Polymorphisms in IL-1 beta and IL-1 receptor antagonist genes increase the risk of gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in patients infected with Helicobacter pylori.', GUT, 47 A53-A54 (2000) |
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2000 |
Walker MM, Negus R, Rice AJ, Loh V, Teare J, Thursz MR, 'Are all five sites of the Sydney system essential to assess H-pylori and gastritis?', GUT, 47 A57-A57 (2000) |
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2000 |
Walker MM, Worku ML, Karim QN, Thursz MR, 'Mice are not men: The Sydney system does not discriminate the genetically determined degree of gastritis in H-felis infection.', GUT, 47 A62-A62 (2000) |
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2000 |
Cassell PG, Saker PJ, Huxtable SJ, Kousta E, Jackson AE, Hattersley AT, et al., 'Evidence that single nucleotide polymorphism in the uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) gene influences fat distribution in women of European and Asian origin', DIABETOLOGIA, 43 1558-1564 (2000)
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1999 |
Karim QN, Thursz MR, Murray E, Eggleton P, Reid KB, Worku M, Walker MM, 'Kinetic impairment of Helicobacter pylori by the collectin surfactant protein D.', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 116 A745-A745 (1999) |
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1999 |
Marshall JC, Morgan MY, Walker MM, 'Upper GI pathology in relation to Helicobacter pylori (Hp) status in alcohol abusers', GUT, 44 A118-A118 (1999) |
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1999 |
Marshall JC, Karim QN, Worku ML, Morgan MY, Walker MM, 'Motility and survival of Helicobacter pylori in alcoholic beverages', GUT, 45 A15-A15 (1999) |
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1999 |
Walker MM, Karim QN, Worku M, Murray E, Eggleton P, Reid KBM, Thursz MR, 'Direct observation of kinetics and agglutination of Helicobacter pylori with the collectin, surfactant protein D', GUT, 45 A41-A42 (1999) |
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1999 |
Walker M, 'HTLV-I infection and the low prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Japan', European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 11 481-483 (1999) [C1]
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1999 |
Worku ML, Sidebotham RL, Walker M, Keshavarz T, Karim QN, 'The relationship between Helicobacter pylori motility, morphology and phase of growth: Implications for gastric colonization and pathology', Microbiology, 145 2803-2811 (1999) [C1]
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1998 |
Gummett P, Walker MM, Loh V, Thomas HJW, Teare JP, Thursz MR, 'Advantages of near patient testing for H-pylori using infrared isotope analysis.', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 114 A141-A141 (1998)
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1998 |
MacDonald S, Thursz MR, Eggleton P, Reid KBM, Walker MM, 'Surfactant protein D expression in normal and H-pylori-infected human gastric antral mucosa.', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 114 A1028-A1029 (1998)
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1998 |
Walker MM, Macdonald S, Thursz MR, Eggleton P, Reid KBM, 'Surfactant protein D expression in normal and H-pylori infected human gastric antral mucosa', GUT, 42 A77-A77 (1998)
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1998 |
Gummett P, Walker MM, Loh V, Thomas HJW, Teare JP, Thursz MR, 'Advantages of near patient testing for H-pylori using infra-red isotope analysis', GUT, 42 A81-A81 (1998) |
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1998 |
Walker MM, Thursz MR, Karim QN, MacDonald S, Murray E, Eggleton P, Reid KBM, 'The role of the collectin surfactant protein D in Helicobacter pylori infection', GUT, 43 A16-A16 (1998) |
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1998 |
Griffiths AE, Walker MM, Thursz MR, 'Allele 2 of the IL-1 receptor antagonist gene predisposes to chronic H-pylori infection', GUT, 43 A26-A26 (1998) |
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1998 |
Griffiths AE, Walker MM, Thursz MR, 'Influence of polymorphisms in the IL-10 and TNFa promoter regions on the outcome of H-pylori infection', GUT, 43 A31-A31 (1998) |
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1998 |
Thilagarajah R, Witherow RO, Walker M, 'Quantitative histopathology can aid diagnosis in painful bladder syndrome', Journal of Clinical Pathology, 51 211-214 (1998) [C1]
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1998 |
Walker M, Crabtree JE, 'Helicobacter pylori infection and the pathogenesis of duodenal ulceration', Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 859 96-111 (1998) [C1]
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1998 |
Sidebotham RL, Dhir NK, Elder JB, Spencer J, Walker MM, Schrager J, 'Changes to mucins in uninvolved mucosa and at the tumour site in gastric adenocarcinoma of intestinal type (vol 94, pg 87, 1998)', CLINICAL SCIENCE, 94 333-333 (1998) |
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1998 |
Sidebotham RL, Dhir NK, Elder JB, Spencer J, Walker M, Schrager J, 'Changes to mucins in uninvolved mucosa and at the tumour site in gastric adenocarcinoma of intestinal type', Clinical Science, 94 87-99 (1998) [C1]
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1998 |
Griffiths AE, Thursz MR, Walker MM, Baron JH, 'The immcnogenetics of h. pylori', Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie, 36 1092 (1998)
Background The importance of the host in influencing the outcome of H. pylori (Hp) infection is becoming increasingly accepted. The identity of the host genes involved, however, r... [more]
Background The importance of the host in influencing the outcome of H. pylori (Hp) infection is becoming increasingly accepted. The identity of the host genes involved, however, remains unknown. Potential candidate genes include MHC class II genes, cylokine genes and genes involved in mucosal protection and repair. Aim The purpose of this study was to determine if certain polymorphisms, of known functional significance, in the tumour necrosis factor (TNF), Interleukin (IL)-l, IL-10 and mannose binding lectin (MBL) genes, were associated with outcome of Hp infection. Methods From a large DNA bank, matched case and control cohorts of 100150 subjects each of duodenal ulcer (DU), Hp+ non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) and Hp-NUD were assembled. Gene polymorphisms were screened by PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (for TNF308 and IL-1 ß-511 ) or by sequence specific oligonucleotide hybridisation techniques. Allele frequencies were compared between the groups using standard odds ratios and chi squared tests. Results Four TNF and two IL-10 polymorphisms were studied and showed no association with outcome. However individuals homozygous for allele 2 of the IL-1 receptor antagonist gene intron 2 VNTR did show a trend towards increased risk of ulcer (p=0,09). This is the same allele that has been associated with increased severity of inflammation in ulcerative colitis and SLE. The MBL codon 52 mutation was found in 15% of Hp+ patients but only 4% of uninfected controls; odds ratio -3.97 (95%CI 1.33-15.94), p=0.007. Conclusions A known deficiency in innate immunity has been shown to predispose to Hp infection. No genes associated with particular outcome of infection have yet been identified.
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1998 |
Sidebotham RL, Dhir NK, Elder JB, Spencer J, Walker MM, Schrager J, 'Correction: Changes to mucins in uninvolved mucosa and at the tumour site in gastric adenocarcinoma of intestinal type (Clinical Science (1998) 94 (87-99))', Clinical Science, 94 333 (1998) |
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1997 |
Thilagarajah R, Vale JA, Witherow RO, Walker M, 'A clinicopathological approach to cystitis -recommendations for simplified pathology reporting', British Journal of Urology (BJU) International, 79 567-571 (1997) [C1]
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1997 |
Griffiths AE, Thursz MR, Walker MM, 'Do intestinal metaplasia and gastric atrophy reverse after H-pylori eradication?', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 112 A134-A134 (1997)
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1997 |
Walker MM, Sarraf CE, Griffiths AE, Thursz M, Calam J, 'Ultrastructure of neuroendocrine cells in the duodenum of Helicobacter pylori positive patients with duodenal ulcer.', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 112 A324-A324 (1997) |
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1997 |
Gibbons AH, Legon S, Walker M, Ghatei M, Calem J, 'The effect of gastrin-releasing peptide on gastrin and somatostatin messenger RNAs in humans infected with Helicobacter pylori', Gastroenterology, 112 1940-1947 (1997) [C1]
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1997 |
Griffiths AE, Thursz MR, Pryce D, Walker MM, 'Reflux symptoms in the long term follow up of patients after Helicobacter pylori eradication', GUT, 40 W10-W10 (1997) |
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1997 |
Griffiths AE, Thursz MR, Walker MM, 'Do intestinal metaplasia and gastric atrophy reverse after H-pylori eradication?', GUT, 41 A48-A49 (1997)
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1997 |
Sullivan J, Thursz MR, Griffiths AE, Walker MM, 'E-cadherin expression in precursor lesions of gastric carcinoma', GUT, 41 A28-A28 (1997) |
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1997 |
Griffiths AE, Walker MM, Mantafounis D, Thursz MR, 'The -308 polymorphism in the TNF alpha gene is not associated with increased risk of duodenal ulcer', GUT, 41 A171-A171 (1997) |
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1997 |
Hardman CM, Garioch JJ, Leonard JJ, Thomas HJW, Walker M, Lortan JE, et al., 'Absence of Toxicity of Oats in Patients with Dermatitis Herpetiformis', New England Journal of Medicine, 337 1884-1887 (1997) [C1]
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1997 |
Griffiths AE, Walker M, 'Helicobacter pylori and its role in peptic ulcer disease', Nutrition and Food Science, 97 141-145 (1997) [C1]
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1997 |
Walker M, Baron JH, 'Hunterian peptic ulcers and Helicobacter pylori.', Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 79 368-371 (1997) [C1]
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1996 |
Gibbons AH, Jordinson M, Legon S, Walker MM, Calam J, 'Somatostatin mRNA expression is reduced in inflamed gastric mucosa in rats', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 110 A116-A116 (1996) |
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1996 |
Pryce DI, Harris AW, Gabe SM, Karim QN, Beveridge I, Langworthy H, et al., 'One week of lansoprazole, clarithromycin and metronidazole eradicates Helicobacter pylori', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 110 A235-A235 (1996)
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1996 |
Walker MM, Harris AW, LeRoux PH, Baron JH, Misiewicz JJ, 'D cells in the antrum are decreased in Helicobacter pylori positive patients with duodenal ulcer due to active inflammation in the foveolar pits.', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 110 A290-A290 (1996)
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1996 |
Harris AW, Gummett PA, Walker M, Misiewicz JJ, Baron JH, 'Relation between gastric acid output, Helicobacter pylori, and gastric metaplasia in the duodenal bulb', Gut, 39 513-520 (1996) [C1]
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1996 |
Birch HA, Glass JM, Vale J, Walker M, 'Myxoid renal cell carcinoma: Histological, immunocytochemical and ultrastructural study', Journal of Clinical Pathology, 49 1015-1017 (1996) [C1]
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1996 |
Harris AW, Walker M, Smolka A, Waller JM, Baron JH, Misiewicz JJ, 'Parietal cells in the duodenal bulb and their relation to Helicobacter pylori infection', Journal of Clinical Pathology, 49 309-312 (1996) [C1]
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1996 |
Walker M, Pretolani S, Gasbarrini G, 'Gastric carcinoma and gastric lymphoma', Current Opinion in Gastroenterology, 12 33-36 (1996) [C1]
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1996 |
Harris AW, Pryce DI, Gabe SM, Karim QN, Walker M, Langworthy H, et al., 'Lansoprazole, clarithromycin and metronidazole for seven days in Helicobacter pylori infection', Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 10 1005-1008 (1996) [C1]
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1996 |
Sarker SK, Mendiola R, Spigelman A, Walker M, Coleman D, 'DNA ploidy on cytologic and tissue sections of breast lumps: A comparison using image analysis', Analytical and Quantitative Cytology and Histology, 18 19-22 (1996) [C1]
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1996 |
Walker MM, Pretolani S, Gasbarrini G, 'Gastric carcinoma and gastric lymphoma', Current Opinion in Gastroenterology, 12 33-36 (1996)
The association of gastric adenocarcinoma of intestinal type with gastric lymphoma is well established and the sequence of events leading to this outcome has been studied extensiv... [more]
The association of gastric adenocarcinoma of intestinal type with gastric lymphoma is well established and the sequence of events leading to this outcome has been studied extensively in the past year. Significant developments include recognition of differing host response to Helicobacter pylori, co-factors and the strain of the bacteria in the malignant process. The successful treatment of low grade B cell lymphomas with antimicrobial therapy is further evidence that this tumour is a result of H. pylori infection, although caution must be exercised in selecting suitable cases for treatment.
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1995 |
Baker BS, Garioch JJ, Bokth S, Thomas H, Walker M, Leonard JN, Fry L, 'Lack of proliferative response by gluten-specific T cells in the blood and gut of patients with Dermatitis Herpetiformis', Journal of Autoimmunity, 8 561-574 (1995) [C1]
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1995 |
Birley HDL, Luzzi GA, Taylor-Robinson D, Walker M, Renton AM, 'Retinoic acid derivatives and HPV infection', International Journal of STD and AIDS, 6 368-368 (1995) [C1] |
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1995 |
Brace W, Bain B, Walker M, Catovsky D, 'Teaching cases from the Royal Marsden Hospital. Case 9: An elderly patient with unusual circulating cells', Leukemia and Lymphoma, 18 529-530 (1995) [C1]
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1995 |
HARRIS AW, WALKER MM, WALLER JM, BARON JH, MISIEWICZ JJ, 'GASTRIC METAPLASM IN THE DUODENAL BULB BEFORE AND 6 MONTHS AFTER ERADICATION OF HELICOBACTER-PYLORI', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 108 A108-A108 (1995)
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1995 |
LEROUX PH, HARRIS AW, WALKER MM, MISIEWICZ JJ, BARON JH, 'GASTRIC-ACID OUTPUT, BACTERIAL LOAD AND GASTRITIS IN HELICOBACTER-PYLORI POSITIVE PATIENTS WITH DUODENAL-ULCER', GASTROENTEROLOGY, 108 A147-A147 (1995)
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1995 |
Logan RPH, Walker M, Misiewicz JJ, Gummett PA, Karim QN, Baron JH, 'Changes in the intragastric distribution of Helicobacter pylori during treatment with omeprazole', Gut, 36 12-16 (1995) [C1]
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1995 |
Purohit A, Ghilchik MW, Duncan L, Wang DY, Singh A, Walker M, Reed MJ, 'Aromatase activity and interleukin-6 production by normal and malignant breast tissues', Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 80 3052-3058 (1995) [C1]
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1995 |
Walker M, Smolka A, Waller JM, Evans DJ, 'Identification of parietal cells in gastric body mucosa with HMFG-2 monoclonal antibody', Journal of Clinical Pathology, 48 832-834 (1995) [C1]
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1994 |
Logan RPH, Gummett PA, Schaufelberger HD, Greaves RRFH, Mendelson GM, Walker M, et al., 'Eradication of Helicobacter pylori with clarithromycin and omeprazole', Gut, 35 323-326 (1994) [C1]
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1994 |
Logan RHP, Gummett PA, Misiewicz JJ, Karim QN, Walker M, Baron JH, 'One week's anti-Helicobacter pylori treatment for duodenal ulcer', Gut, 35 15-18 (1994) [C1]
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1994 |
Birley HDL, Luzzi GA, Walker M, Ryait B, Taylor-Robinson D, Renton AM, 'The association of human papillomavirus infection with balanoposthitis: A description of five cases with proposals for treatment', International Journal of STD and AIDS, 5 139-141 (1994) [C1]
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1993 |
Walker M, Lessing MPA, 'Fatal pulmonary infection due to Mycobacterium fortuitum', Journal of Clinical Pathology, 46 271-272 (1993) [C1]
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1993 |
Walker M, Duffy T, 'Relative friendly death certificates.', Journal of Clinical Pathology, 46 782-783 (1993) [C3]
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1993 |
Coldham NG, Lai LC, Ghilchik MW, Walker M, James VHT, Reed MJ, 'The effect of treatment with 4-hydroxyandrostenedione or medroxyprogesterone acetate on human breast tumour regression', Anticancer Research: international journal of cancer research and treatment, 13 753-758 (1993) [C1]
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1993 |
LOGAN RPH, GUMMETT PA, MISIEWICZ JJ, KARIM QN, WALKER MM, BARON JH, '2-WEEK ERADICATION REGIMEN FOR METRONIDAZOLE-RESISTANT HELICOBACTER-PYLORI', ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 7 149-153 (1993)
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1993 |
Logan RPH, Gummett PA, Misiewicz JJ, Karim QN, Walker M, Baron JH, 'Two-week eradication regimen for metronidazole-resistant helicobacter pylori', Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 7 149-153 (1993) [C1]
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1993 |
Walker M, Logan RPH, Gummett PA, Baron JH, Misiewicz JJ, 'The influence of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the structure of duodenal ulcer scars', European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 56 S97-S98 (1993) [C1]
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1993 |
Hillman RJ, Ryait BK, Botcherby M, Walker M, Taylor-Robinson D, 'Human papillomavirus DNA in the urogenital tracts of men with genital dermatoses: Evidence for multifocal infection', International Journal of STD and AIDS, 4 147-154 (1993) [C1]
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1993 |
Birley HDL, Walker M, Luzzi GA, Bell R, Taylor-Robinson D, Byrne M, Renton AM, 'Clinical features and management of current balanitis; association with atopy and genital washing', Sexually Transmitted Infections, 69 400-403 (1993) [C1]
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1992 |
Baker BS, Brent L, Valdimarsson H, Powles AV, Al-Imara L, Walker M, Fry L, 'Is epidermal cell proliferation in psoriatic skin grafts on nude mice driven by T-cell derived cytokines?', British Journal of Dermatology, 126 105-110 (1992) [C1]
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1992 |
Logan RPH, Hurlimann S, Gummett PA, Walker M, Karim ON, Baron JH, Misiewicz JJ, 'How quickly does Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) recur after treatment?', Gut, 33 S3-S3 (1992) [C1]
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1992 |
Logan RPH, Gummett PA, Hegarty BT, Walker M, Baron JH, Misiewicz JJ, 'Clarithromycin and omeprazole for Helicobacter pylori', Lancet, 340 239-239 (1992) [C3]
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1992 |
HILLMAN RJ, WALKER MM, HARRIS JRW, TAYLORROBINSON D, 'PENILE DERMATOSES - A CLINICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY', GENITOURINARY MEDICINE, 68 166-169 (1992)
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1992 |
Hillman RJ, Waldron S, Walker M, Harris JRW, 'Granuloma annulare of the penis', Sexually Transmitted Infections, 68 47-49 (1992) [C1]
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1991 |
Logan RPH, Polson RJ, Misiewicz JJ, Rao G, Karim NQ, Newell D, et al., 'Simplified single sample 13Carbon urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori: Comparison with histology, culture, and ELISA serology', Gut, 32 1461-1464 (1991) [C1]
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1991 |
Logan RPH, Gummett PA, Misiewicz JJ, Karim QN, Walker M, Baron JH, 'One week eradication regimen for Helicobacter pylori', Lancet, 338 1249-1252 (1991) [C1]
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1991 |
Watson JAS, Walker M, Smith NP, Hunt DM, 'Malignant chondroid syringoma - A rare cause of secondary bone tumour', Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, 16 306-307 (1991) [C1]
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1991 |
Logan RPH, Dill S, Bauer FE, Walker M, Hirschl AM, Gummett PA, et al., 'The European 13C-urea breath test for the detection of Helicobacter pylori', European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 3 915-921 (1991) [C1]
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1991 |
Hillman RJ, Harris JRW, Walker M, 'Value of performing biopsies in genitourinary clinics', Sexually Transmitted Infections, 67 73-73 (1991) [C3]
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1990 |
Baron JH, Karim QN, Walker M, 'H pylori and duodenal ulcer', Gut, 31 242-243 (1990) [C3] |
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1990 |
Walker M, Karim QN, Payne A, Baron JH, 'Distribution of Campylobacter pylori in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract: a microbiological and histological study', Journal of Clinical Pathology, 43 82-82 (1990) [C3] |
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1990 |
Francis ND, Logan RPH, Walker M, Polson RJ, Boylston AW, Pinching AJ, et al., 'Campylobacter pylori in the upper gastrointestinal tract of patients with HIV-1 infection', Journal of Clinical Pathology, 43 60-62 (1990) [C1]
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1990 |
Logan RPH, Polson RJ, Baron JH, Walker M, 'New spiral bacterium in the gastric mucosa: Gastrospirillum hominis', Journal of Clinical Pathology, 43 262-262 (1990) [C3]
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1990 |
Logan RPH, Polson RJ, Rao G, Walker M, Pedley S, Harris JRW, et al., 'Helicobacter pylori and HIV infection', Lancet, 335 1456-1456 (1990) [C3]
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1990 |
Doble A, Walker M, Harris JRW, Taylor-Robinson D, Witherow OR, 'Intraprostatic antibody deposition in chronic abacterial prostatitis', British Journal of Urology (BJU) International, 65 598-605 (1990) [C1]
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1990 |
Holder P, Plail R, Walker M, Witherow OR, 'Cystitis glandularis - Reversal with intravesical steroid therapy', British Journal of Urology (BJU) International, 65 547-548 (1990) [C1]
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1989 |
Walker M, 'Comprehensive health organizations: the better way?', Health care, 31 45 (1989) |
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1989 |
Walker MM, Francis ND, Logan RPH, Poulson RJ, Boylston AW, Pinching AJ, et al., 'Campylobacter pylori in the upper gastrointestinal tract of patients with HIV infection', Gastroduodenal pathology and Campylobacter pylori: proceedings of the first meeting of the European Campylobacter Pylori Study Group. ICS847, 553-556 (1989)
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1989 |
McFadden JP, Powles AV, Walker M, 'Rosacea induced by PUVA therapy', British Journal of Dermatology, 121 413-413 (1989) [C3]
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1989 |
Logan RPH, Walker M, Francis ND, Kitchen V, Polson RJ, Pinching AJ, Baron JH, 'Campylobacter pylori in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome', Gastroenterology, 96 1229-1229 (1989) [C3]
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1989 |
Doble A, Thomas BJ, Walker M, Harris JRW, Witherow OR, Taylor-Robinson D, 'The role of Chlamydia trachomatis in chronic abacterial prostatitis: A study using ultrasound guided biopsy', Journal of Urology, 141 332-333 (1989) [C1]
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1989 |
Logan RPH, Karim QN, Polson RJ, Walker M, Baron JH, Lord MG, et al., 'Gastrospirillum hominis infections of the stomach', Lancet, 2 672-672 (1989) [C1]
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1989 |
Coelho LGV, Payne A, Karim QN, Baron JH, Walker M, 'Campylobacter pylori in esophagus antrum, and duodenum. A histological and microbiological study', Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 34 445-448 (1989) [C1]
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1989 |
Byrne MA, Walker M, Leonard J, Pryce D, Taylor-Robinson D, 'Recognising covert disease in women with chronic vulval symptoms attending an STD clinic: Value of detailed examination including colposcopy', Sexually Transmitted Infections, 65 46-49 (1989) [C1]
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1989 |
Witherow OR, Gillespie L, McMullen L, Goldin RD, Walker M, 'Painful bladder syndrome - A clinical and immunopathological study', British Journal of Urology (BJU) International, 64 158-161 (1989) [C1]
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1989 |
Doble A, Thomas BJ, Furr PM, Walker M, Harris JRW, Witherow OR, Taylor-Robinson D, 'A search for infectious agents in chronic abacterial prostatitis using ultrasound guided biopsy', British Journal of Urology (BJU) International, 64 297-301 (1989) [C1]
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1988 |
Shaikh NA, Beaconsfield T, Walker M, Ghilchik MW, 'Postirradiation angiosarcoma of the breast - A case report', European Journal of Surgical Oncology, 14 449-451 (1988) [C1]
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1987 |
Coelho LG, Das SS, Karim QN, Walker M, Queiroz DM, Mendes EN, et al., 'Campylobacter pyloridis in the upper gastrointestinal tract: a Brazilian study.', Arquivos de Gastroenterologia, 24 5-9 (1987) [C1]
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1987 |
Forbat LN, Walker M, Gribble RJ, Baron JH, 'Lack of clinical value of biopsy of duodenal ulcer at endoscopy.', Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 33 269-270 (1987) [C3]
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1987 |
McMullen L, Walker M, Bain LA, Karim QN, Baron JH, 'Histological identification of Campylobacter using Gimenez technique in gastric antral mucosa', Journal of Clinical Pathology, 40 464-465 (1987) [C1]
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1987 |
Lambrianides AL, Walker M, Rosin RD, 'Primary retroperitoneal teratoma in adults', Urology, 29 310-312 (1987) [C1]
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1986 |
GRIFFITHS CEM, LEONARD JN, WALKER MM, 'ACQUIRED ICHTHYOSIS AND SARCOIDOSIS', CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, 11 296-298 (1986)
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