2021 |
Miller P, Newby D, Walkom E, Schneider J, Li SC, Evans TJ, 'The performance and accuracy of depression screening tools capable of self-administration in primary care: A systematic review and meta-analysis', European Journal of Psychiatry, 35 1-18 (2021) [C1]
Background and Objectives: The US Preventative Services Taskforce recommends screening adults for depression in primary care where adequate systems are established to ensure accur... [more]
Background and Objectives: The US Preventative Services Taskforce recommends screening adults for depression in primary care where adequate systems are established to ensure accurate diagnosis, effective treatment and follow-up. However, there is currently no consensus on which screening tool is most suitable for use in primary healthcare. We aim to systematically review the literature for operating characteristics of depression screening tools capable of self-administration in primary healthcare and meta-analyse the psychometric characteristics of these tools to determine their performance and accuracy. Methods: An electronic literature search of EMBASE, Medline and CINAHL Complete was conducted from January 1982 to September 15, 2019 using the keywords: depression, screening, primary healthcare and adult. General and psychometric characteristics were extracted for screening tools studied in primary healthcare only when assessed against a ¿reference-standard¿. Results: Eighty-one studies from 22 countries were included in the review. Forty unique depression screening tools suitable for self-administration were identified in studies yielding 138 psychometric data sets. Based on ease of administration, 18 screening tools were suitable for use in primary healthcare. Of the tools meta-analysed, only the PHQ-9 and WHO-5 displayed superior accuracy and were easily administered. Conclusion: Although numerous depression screening tools are suitable for use in primary care based on ease of administration, the PHQ-9 was the most widely assessed tool and displayed superior DOR, a-ROC, specificity and LR +. Our review supports the use of the PHQ-9 as a brief, easily administered depression screening tool with superior discriminatory performance and robust psychometric characteristics in primary care settings.
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Nova |
2020 |
Miller P, Newby D, Walkom E, Schneider J, Li SC, 'Depression screening in adults by pharmacists in the community: a systematic review', International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 28 428-440 (2020) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Bevan M, Ng YC, Cooper J, Robertson J, Walkom E, Chiu S, Newby DA, 'The role of evidence in consumer choice of non-prescription medicines', International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 27 501-509 (2019) [C1]
Objectives: To identify factors influencing Australian consumer decision-making and attitudes towards non-prescription medicine (NPM) purchases, pharmacy's role in providing ... [more]
Objectives: To identify factors influencing Australian consumer decision-making and attitudes towards non-prescription medicine (NPM) purchases, pharmacy's role in providing these medications and views around sources of evidence for effectiveness of these products. Methods: Cross-sectional survey of a general population sample of 1731 adults using an Australian online consumer panel stratified by gender, age and location (State/Territory). Beliefs about NPM purchases and evidence of their efficacy were assessed using a 5-point Likert scale (strongly disagree-strongly agree). Non-parametric measures (Ridit analysis and Mann¿Whitney U-test) were used to explore associations between responses and previous experience with medicines. Key findings: The most important factors when purchasing NPMs were effectiveness and safety. However, personal experience was the most common method of determining effectiveness. Most respondents believed buying NPMs in pharmacies gave access to advice, but were less likely to agree that pharmacies were associated with safe and effective treatments. Around half the respondents agreed that it is wrong to sell treatments lacking scientific evidence; many also agreed that it is up to consumers to decide what they want even without scientific evidence. Individuals experiencing an ineffective NPM were less likely to trust scientific evidence of efficacy as the sole source of effectiveness information; regular prescription medicine users often agreed that scientific evidence is needed to support effectiveness. Conclusions: Consumers have conflicting views regarding the need for scientific evidence and the desire for patient autonomy in NPM purchases. This presents a challenge for pharmacists wishing to maintain professional obligations to provide evidence-based treatments to consumers.
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Nova |
2017 |
Fabbri A, Grundy Q, Mintzes B, Swandari S, Moynihan R, Walkom E, Bero LA, 'A cross-sectional analysis of pharmaceutical industry-funded events for health professionals in Australia', BMJ Open, 7 (2017) [C1]
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Nova |
2016 |
Athuraliya N, Walkom EJ, Dharmaratne S, Robertson J, 'Assessing medication packaging and labelling appropriateness in Sri Lanka.', J Pharm Policy Pract, 9 38 (2016) [C1]
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Nova |
2016 |
Robertson J, Newby DA, Walkom EJ, 'Health Care Spending: Changes in the Perceptions of the Australian Public.', PloS one, 11 e0157312 (2016) [C1]
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Nova |
2015 |
Ren S, Newby D, Li SC, Walkom E, Miller P, Hure A, Attia J, 'Effect of the adult pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine on cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.', Open Heart, 2 1-9 (2015) [C1]
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Nova |
2013 |
Loxton D, Robertson J, Walkom EJ, 'Costs of medicines and health care: a concern for Australian women across the ages.', BMC Health Services Research, 13 (2013) [C1]
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Nova |
2013 |
Robertson J, Walkom EJ, Bevan MD, Newby DA, 'Medicines and the media: news reports of medicines recommended for government reimbursement in Australia', BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, 13 (2013) [C1]
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Nova |
2011 |
Robertson J, Walkom EJ, Henry DA, 'Health systems and sustainability: Doctors and consumers differ on threats and solutions', PLoS ONE, 6 (2011) [C1]
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Nova |
2010 |
Robertson J, Walkom EJ, Pearson S-A, Hains I, Williamson M, Newby DA, 'The impact of pharmacy computerised clinical decision support on prescribing, clinical and patient outcomes: A systematic review of the literature', International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 18 69-87 (2010) [C1]
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Nova |
2010 |
Robertson J, Walkom EJ, Moynihan R, Bero L, Henry DA, 'Pharmaceutical industry funding of educational events for pharmacists in Australia: An analysis of data from the first 6 months of a mandatory disclosure programme', International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 18 88-92 (2010) [C1]
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Nova |
2009 |
Robertson J, Moynihan R, Walkom EJ, Bero L, Henry DA, 'Mandatory disclosure of pharmaceutical industry-funded events for health professionals', PLoS Medicine, 6 e1000128 (2009) [C1]
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Nova |
2009 |
Robertson J, Walkom EJ, Henry DA, 'Transparency in pricing arrangements for medicines listed on the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme', Australian Health Review, 33 192-199 (2009) [C1]
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Nova |
2008 |
Harris AH, Hill SR, Chin G, Jing Jing L, Walkom EJ, 'The role of value for money in public insurance coverage decisions for drugs in australia: A retrospective analysis 1994-2004', Medical Decision Making, 28 713-722 (2008) [C1]
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Nova |
2006 |
Walkom EJ, Robertson J, Newby DA, Pillay T, 'The role of pharmacoeconomics in formulary decision-making - Considerations for hospital and managed care pharmacy and therapeutics committees', Formulary, 41 374-385 (2006) [C1]
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Nova |
2005 |
Robertson J, Walkom EJ, McGettigan P, 'Response rates and representativeness: a lottery incentive improves physician survey return rates', Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 14 571-577 (2005) [C1]
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2005 |
Smith A, Hill S, Walkom E, Thambiran M, 'An evaluation of the World Health Organization problem-based pharmacotherapy teaching courses (based on the "Guide to Good Prescribing"), 1994-2001', EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, 61 785-786 (2005)
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2001 |
Carr SC, Rugimbana RO, Walkom E, Bolitho FH, 'Selecting expatriates in developing areas: "country-of-origin" effects in Tanzania?', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTERCULTURAL RELATIONS, 25 441-457 (2001)
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2000 |
Rugimbana RO, Carr S, Bolitho F, Walkom E, 'The Impact of "Consumer Cringe" on Developing Regional Trade Blocks:A Tanzanian Case Study', Journal of African Business, 1,2 91-106 (2000) [C1]
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