Emeritus Professor Peter Howe
Emeritus Professor
School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy (Nutrition and Dietetics)
Career Summary
Biography
Peter is now Emeritus Professor in the School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Convenor of the Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, a multi-institutional research collaboration based at the University of Newcastle. He also holds appointments as Professor of Clinical Nutrition at the University of Southern Queensland and Adjunct Professor at both the University of South Australia and the University of Adelaide. He chairs the Therapeutic Goods Administration’s Advisory Committee for Complementary Medicines and is a member of the Medical and Health Sciences Research Evaluation Committee for ERA 2018. He is now Emeritus Editor of Nutrients, having served as founding Editor-in-Chief since 2009.
Research Expertise
With a background of pre-clinical and clinical research in nutrition, cardiovascular physiology and neuroscience, Peter is an internationally recognised authority on health benefits of bioactive nutrients, especially omega-3 fatty acids. He has sought to strengthen the evidence base for health benefits of functional foods and nutraceuticals through collaborative partnerships with industry and has obtained over $15 million in research support from both government and private sectors. Focusing on research translation, Peter adapted Good Clinical Practice standards to dietary intervention trials for rigorous substantiation of health claims. This has been a key factor in attracting industry funding to evaluate nutritional products. He has generated evidence underpinning patents and health claims authorized by the USFDA and by EFSA and has been commissioned by the NHMRC and FSANZ to advise on Nutrient Reference Values and Health Claim policies for Australia and New Zealand. He has published over 260 peer-reviewed papers generating over 7000 citations and has an H-index of 45 (WoS). He was awarded Fellowship of the Nutrition Society of Australia in 2007 for his contributions to nutrition research.
Peter has synthesised his knowledge of cardiovascular and metabolic effects of dietary interventions into a concept of ‘vasoactive nutrients’, wherein nutritional enhancement of circulatory functions yields broad based benefits. Recognising that brain functions are critically dependent on an optimal blood supply and that both mood and cognitive deficits are at least partly attributable to age and disease-related circulatory impairments in the brain, he hypothesised that vasoactive nutrients may improve mood and cognitive performance by enhancing cerebrovascular function and is pursuing this hypothesis with Dr Rachel Wong and team at the University of Newcastle. Their clinical supplementation trials with omega-3 fatty acids, resveratrol and selected flavonoids are revealing novel preventive health benefits, generating patent applications and attracting commercial interest.
Teaching Expertise
Peter has extensive experience in supervising honours and PhD students and in mentoring postdoctoral and early career researchers. Whilst a career researcher, Peter has given invited lectures in both Human Nutrition and Nutrition & Dietetics courses conducted Human Research Ethics training workshops at the University of South Australia. Peter also has experience both lecturing and coordinating undergraduate students from his work at the University of Wollongong, University of Adelaide and Flinders University.
Administrative Expertise
Peter has held significant research leadership roles as both founder and Director of the following research centres: ARC Key Centre for Smart Foods, University of Wollongong (1999-2002); Nutritional Physiology Research Centre, University of South Australia (2003-2009); Centre for Metabolic Fitness, Australian Technology Network (2005-2007); Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, University of Newcastle, University of South Australia, Swinburne University and University of Southern Queensland (2012-). Peter has served on several Human Research and Experimental Animal Research Ethics committees and as a Human Research Ethics Advisor. He has held key roles in CSIRO and university research administrations and has served on expert advisory panels in both government and private sectors.
Collaborations
Peter has based his entire research career on building productive multidisciplinary collaborations to pursue his research goals. He established the abovementioned research centres with extensive cross-institutional collaborations and significant industry engagement and, as Convenor of the Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, he is fostering new collaborative initiatives with the University of Southern Queensland through their Functional Foods research group and Centre for Population Health and continues to build strategic alliances with food and dietary supplement manufacturers.
Qualifications
- PhD, Monash University
- Bachelor of Science, University of Sydney
- Master of Science, University of Oxford - UK
Keywords
- Bioactive nutrients
- Cardiovascular and metabolic health
- Human Nutrition
- Mental Health
- Nutrients and Metabolism
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids
- Pathophysiology
Fields of Research
Code | Description | Percentage |
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321001 | Clinical nutrition | 100 |
Professional Experience
Academic appointment
Dates | Title | Organisation / Department |
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1/1/2010 - | Human Research Ethics Advisor | University of South Australia School of Health Sciences Australia |
1/1/2009 - | Editor - Nutrients | Nutrients Australia |
1/1/2007 - | Adjunct Professor | The University of Adelaide School of Medical Sciences Australia |
1/6/2005 - | Research Professor | University of South Australia Nutritional Physiology Australia |
1/1/2001 - | Membership - Nutrition Australia | Nutrition Australia Australia |
1/1/1998 - 31/12/2000 | Membership - Australasian Clinical Research Network (Management Committee) | Australasian Clinical Research Network (Management Committee) Australia |
1/1/1997 - | Membership - American Oil Chemists Society (Australasian Chapter) | American Oil Chemists Society (Australasian Chapter) United States |
1/1/1995 - | Membership - International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids & Lipids | International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids & Lipids Australia |
1/1/1986 - | Membership - International Society of Hypertension | International Society of Hypertension Australia |
1/1/1984 - | Fellow - Nutrition Society of Australia | Nutrition Society of Australia Australia |
1/1/1980 - | Membership - High Blood Pressure Research Council of Australia | High Blood Pressure Research Council of Australia Australia |
Invitations
Keynote Speaker
Year | Title / Rationale |
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2011 |
Nutrients and Circulatory Function Organisation: Food Industry Forum for Nutrition Research |
Participant
Year | Title / Rationale |
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2014 |
5th International Conference on Natural Products for Health and Beauty Organisation: Phuket, May Description: . |
2014 |
8th Congress, International Society for Nutrigenetics & Nutrigenomics Organisation: Gold Coast, May Description: . |
2013 |
Omega-3 Symposium & AAOCS Biennial Workshop Organisation: Newcastle, November Description: . |
2012 |
Nutrients and Circulatory Function Organisation: 3rd Annual Food Industry Forum for Nutrition Research Description: . |
2012 |
Vasoactive Nutrients & Brain Function Organisation: DSM Nutritional Products & Frutarom Description: . |
2012 |
Vasoactive Nutrients & Brain Function Organisation: Glaxo Smith Kline Description: . |
Speaker
Year | Title / Rationale |
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2016 | Invited speaker at the Australasian Society of Lifestyle Medicine Conference, 2016 |
2013 |
Science of Nutrition in Medicine Conference Organisation: Sydney, May Description: . |
2012 |
Circulatory dysfunction and chronic inflammation: a common target for nutrient intervention Organisation: Nutrition Society of Australia Newcastle Group meeting Description: . |
2012 |
Student Masterclass Organisation: Nutrition Society of Australia annual meeting Description: . |
2012 |
Vasoactive Nutrients and Brain Function Organisation: Canadian Nutrition Society Description: Invited Speaker at annual conference. |
2012 |
Resveratrol 2012 Organisation: University of Leicester Description: . |
2011 |
Omega Index Organisation: RCPA AACB Chemical Pathology Course |
2011 |
Cardiometabolic/mental health benefits of vasoactive nutrients Organisation: University of Newcastle |
2011 |
Cardiometabolic and mental health benefits of vasoactive nutrients Organisation: Science of Nutrition in Medicine and Healthcare Conference |
2011 |
Nutrition and Health & Shape Up for Life Organisation: CPDENT: Dental Practice Update Description: |
2011 |
Nutraceuticals in Health and Disease Organisation: 5th International Conference on Mechanisms of Action of Nutraceuticals Description: |
2011 |
Erythrocyte omega-3 levels - an alternative basis for intake recommendations Organisation: Australasian Section of the American Oil Chemists Society Description: Invited speaker at Health and nutrition session. |
2011 |
Cardiovascular, metabolic and mental health benefits of vasoactive nutrients Organisation: Therapeutic Applications of Functional Foods Description: |
Publications
For publications that are currently unpublished or in-press, details are shown in italics.
Chapter (19 outputs)
Year | Citation | Altmetrics | Link |
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2009 | Buckley JD, Coates AM, Howe PRC, 'Alpha-cyclodextrin', iber Ingredients: Food Applications and Health Benefits, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, United States of America 9-18 (2009) [B1] | ||
2009 | Buckley JD, Howe PRC, 'Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and obesity', Fatty Acids in Health Promotion and Disease Causation, AOCS Press, Berlin, Germany 767-786 (2009) [B1] | ||
2009 | Murphy K, Howe PRC, 'Food Sources and Intakes of Omega-3 fatty acids', Fatty Acids in Health Promotion and Disease Causation, AOCS Press, Berlin, Germany 787-818 (2009) [B1] | ||
Show 16 more chapters |
Journal article (307 outputs)
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2024 |
Dzator JSA, Smith RA, Coupland KG, Howe PRC, Griffiths LR, 'Associations between Cerebrovascular Function and the Expression of Genes Related to Endothelial Function in Hormonal Migraine.', Int J Mol Sci, 25 (2024) [C1]
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2023 |
Bliss ES, Biki SM, Wong RHX, Howe PRC, Mills DE, 'The benefits of regular aerobic exercise training on cerebrovascular function and cognition in older adults', European Journal of Applied Physiology, 123 1323-1342 (2023) [C1] We compared the differences in cerebrovascular and cognitive function between 13 aerobic exercise trained, older adults and 13 age-, height- and sex-matched sedentary, untrained c... [more] We compared the differences in cerebrovascular and cognitive function between 13 aerobic exercise trained, older adults and 13 age-, height- and sex-matched sedentary, untrained controls. We determined whether other measures accounted for differences in cerebrovascular and cognitive function between these groups and examined the associations between these functions. Participants undertook anthropometric, mood, cardiovascular, exercise performance, strength, cerebrovascular, and cognitive measurements, and a blood collection. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography determined cerebrovascular responsiveness (CVR) to hypercapnia and cognitive stimuli. The trained group had a higher CVR to hypercapnia (80.3 ± 7.2 vs 35.1 ± 6.7%, P < 0.001), CVR to cognitive stimuli (30.1 ± 2.9 vs 17.8 ± 1.4%, P = 0.001) and total composite cognitive score (117 ± 2 vs 98 ± 4, P < 0.001) than the controls. These parameters no longer remained statistically different between the groups following adjustments for covariates. There were positive correlations between the total composite cognitive score and CVR to hypercapnia (r = 0.474, P = 0.014) and CVR to cognitive stimuli (r = 0.685, P < 0.001). We observed a relationship between cerebrovascular and cognitive function in older adults and an interaction between regular lifelong aerobic exercise training and cardiometabolic factors that may directly influence these functions.
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2023 |
Dzator JSA, Coupland KG, Howe PRC, 'Exploring the effects of resveratrol supplementation on cerebrovascular function in hormonal migraineurs: A pilot study', IBRO Neuroscience Reports, 15 310-319 (2023) [C1] Background: Past research suggests that hormonal migraineurs may have poorer cerebrovascular function than women who do not suffer from migraine. Resveratrol, a vasoactive phytoes... [more] Background: Past research suggests that hormonal migraineurs may have poorer cerebrovascular function than women who do not suffer from migraine. Resveratrol, a vasoactive phytoestrogen, has been shown to improve cerebrovascular function in several populations but has never been tested in hormonal migraineurs. Aim: To investigate the effects of 3-month resveratrol supplementation on the cerebrovascular function of hormonal migraineurs. Methods: We conducted a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover intervention pilot study with resveratrol (150 mg/d for 3 months) in ten hormonal migraineurs (mean age: 37.2 ± 2.6 years). Participants visited the University of Newcastle's Clinical Nutrition Research Centre where quality of life and disability, and cerebrovascular function were assessed. Quality of life and disability were examined using Migraine-Specific Quality of Life, Headache Impact Test-6 and the Migraine Disability Assessment. Cerebrovascular function was determined using transcranial Doppler ultrasound to bilaterally measure blood flow velocity in the middle and posterior cerebral arteries at rest and in response to a hypercapnic stimulus. Cerebrovascular responsiveness to a cognitive task battery was also measured bilaterally in the middle cerebral arteries. Results: Compared to placebo, blood flow velocity in the right posterior cerebral artery was significantly higher (P = 0.041) following resveratrol supplementation. No other significant differences in cerebrovascular function between resveratrol and placebo treatments were observed. Baseline correlation analyses revealed higher blood flow velocities in the middle and posterior cerebral arteries were associated with better quality of life and less disability. However, higher cerebrovascular responsiveness to hypercapnia in the posterior circulation was associated with higher migraine-related disability and poorer migraine-related quality of life. Conclusion: In this pilot we found evidence that resveratrol may increase blood flow velocity in the right posterior cerebral artery in hormonal migraineurs. Larger cohorts are required confirm this effect and its potential relationship to migraine in premenopausal women.
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2023 |
Prickett TCR, Howe PRC, Espiner EA, 'Resveratrol-Induced Suppression of C-type Natriuretic Peptide Associates With Increased Vertebral Bone Density in Postmenopausal Women', JBMR PLUS, 7 (2023) [C1]
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2022 |
Bliss ES, Wong RHX, Howe PRC, Mills DE, 'The Effects of Aerobic Exercise Training on Cerebrovascular and Cognitive Function in Sedentary, Obese, Older Adults', FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE, 14 (2022) [C1]
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2022 |
Dzator JSA, Howe PRC, Coupland KG, Wong RHX, 'A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial of Resveratrol Supplementation for Prophylaxis of Hormonal Migraine', Nutrients, 14 (2022) [C1] Resveratrol, a vasoactive phytoestrogen, has beneficial effects on cerebrovascular func-tion. Previous research has shown that hormonal migraineurs have poorer cerebrovascular fun... [more] Resveratrol, a vasoactive phytoestrogen, has beneficial effects on cerebrovascular func-tion. Previous research has shown that hormonal migraineurs have poorer cerebrovascular function than non-migraineur women. We aimed to investigate if resveratrol supplementation for three months could reduce the hormonal migraine burden index (HMBI: the number of days with menstrual migraine per month), reduce migraine-related disability and improve migraine-related quality of life. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover, intervention trial was con-ducted in 62 hormonal migraineurs (mean age: 37.5 ± 0.8 years). Participants consumed 75 mg of resveratrol or matching placebo capsules twice daily for three months before crossing over to the other treatment arm. Participants completed a daily diary and the Headache Impact Test-6¿, Migraine Disability Assessment and Migraine-Specific Quality of Life questionnaires at months 0, 3 and 6. The HMBI was the primary outcome and was calculated using data extracted from the par-ticipant¿s diary. No differences in the HMBI (p = 0.895), the Headache Impact Test-6¿, the Migraine Disability Assessment and Migraine-Specific Quality of Life were found between the resveratrol and placebo treatments. Resveratrol supplementation for three months did not affect the HMBI, the migraine-related disability or quality of life measures in our cohort of hormonal migraineurs.
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2021 |
Thaung Zaw JJ, Howe PR, Wong RH, 'Long-term effects of resveratrol on cognition, cerebrovascular function and cardio-metabolic markers in postmenopausal women: A 24-month randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study', Clinical Nutrition, 40 820-829 (2021) [C1] Ageing and menopause contribute to endothelial dysfunction, causing impaired cerebral perfusion, which is in turn associated with accelerated cognitive decline. In a 14-week pilot... [more] Ageing and menopause contribute to endothelial dysfunction, causing impaired cerebral perfusion, which is in turn associated with accelerated cognitive decline. In a 14-week pilot study, we showed that supplementation with low-dose resveratrol, a phytoestrogen that can enhance endothelial function, improved cerebrovascular and cognitive functions in postmenopausal women. We sought to confirm these benefits in a larger, longer-term trial. A 24-month randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial was undertaken in 125 postmenopausal women, aged 45¿85 years, who took 75 mg trans-resveratrol or placebo twice-daily for 12 months and then crossover to the alternative treatment for another 12 months. We evaluated within individual differences between each treatment period in measures of cognition (primary outcome), cerebrovascular function in the middle cerebral artery (cerebral blood flow velocity: CBFV, cerebrovascular responsiveness: CVR) and cardio-metabolic markers as secondary outcomes. Subgroup analyses examined effects of resveratrol by life stages. Compared to placebo, resveratrol supplementation resulted a significant 33% improvement in overall cognitive performance (Cohen's d = 0.170, P = 0.005). Women =65 years of age showed a relative improvement in verbal memory with resveratrol compared to those younger than 65 years. Furthermore, resveratrol improved secondary outcomes including resting mean CBFV (d = 0.275, P = 0.001), CVR to hypercapnia (d = 0.307, P = 0.027), CVR to cognitive stimuli (d = 0.259, P = 0.032), fasting insulin (d = 0.174, P = 0.025) and insulin resistance index (d = 0.102, P = 0.034). Regular supplementation with low-dose resveratrol can enhance cognition, cerebrovascular function and insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women. This may translate into a slowing of the accelerated cognitive decline due to ageing and menopause, especially in late-life women. Further studies are warranted to observe whether these cognitive benefits of resveratrol can reduce the risk of dementia.
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2021 |
Bliss ES, Wong RHX, Howe PRC, Mills DE, 'Benefits of exercise training on cerebrovascular and cognitive function in ageing', Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, 41 447-470 (2021) [C1]
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2021 |
Zaw JJT, Howe PRC, Wong RHX, 'Long-term resveratrol supplementation improves pain perception, menopausal symptoms, and overall well-being in postmenopausal women: findings from a 24-month randomized, controlled, crossover trial', MENOPAUSE-THE JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MENOPAUSE SOCIETY, 28 40-49 (2021) [C1]
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2021 |
Dzator JSA, Howe PRC, Wong RHX, 'Profiling cerebrovascular function in migraine: A systematic review and meta-analysis', Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 41 919-944 (2021) [C1] Previous studies have investigated whether migraine is a circulatory disorder, as migraineurs are at heightened risk of cerebrovascular disease. However, in most cases, systemic v... [more] Previous studies have investigated whether migraine is a circulatory disorder, as migraineurs are at heightened risk of cerebrovascular disease. However, in most cases, systemic vascular function was evaluated, which may not reflect abnormalities in the cerebral circulation. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether cerebrovascular function differs between migraineurs and controls. A systematic literature search was conducted across three electronic databases to search for studies that compared cerebrovascular function in migraineurs to controls. Where applicable, meta-analyses were used to determine standardised mean differences (SMD) between migraineurs and controls. Seventy articles were identified, 40 of which contained quantitative data. Meta-analyses showed pulsatility index (PI) was higher (SMD = 0.23; 95%CI = 0.05 to 0.42, P = 0.01) and cerebrovascular responsiveness (CVR) to hypercapnia was lower (SMD=-0.34; 95%CI=-0.67 to -0.01, P = 0.04) in the posterior circulation of migraineurs, particularly those without aura. The meta-analyses also indicated that migraineurs have higher resting mean blood flow velocity in both anterior (SMD = 0.14; 95%CI = 0.05 to 0.23, P = 0.003) and posterior circulations (SMD = 0.20; 95%CI = 0.05 to 0.34, P = 0.007). Compared to healthy controls, migraineurs have altered cerebrovascular function, evidenced by elevated PI (representing arterial stiffness) and impaired CVR to hypercapnia (representing cerebral vasodilator function). Future studies should investigate whether improvement of cerebrovascular function is able to alleviate migraine.
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2021 |
Dzator JSA, Howe PRC, Griffiths LR, Coupland KG, Wong RHX, 'Cerebrovascular Function in Hormonal Migraine: An Exploratory Study', FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY, 12 (2021) [C1]
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2020 |
Kuszewski JC, Wong RHX, Wood LG, Howe PRC, 'Effects of fish oil and curcumin supplementation on cerebrovascular function in older adults: A randomized controlled trial', Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 30 625-633 (2020) [C1] Background and aims: Chronic conditions such as obesity, which contribute to endothelial dysfunction in older adults, can cause impairments in cerebrovascular perfusion, which is ... [more] Background and aims: Chronic conditions such as obesity, which contribute to endothelial dysfunction in older adults, can cause impairments in cerebrovascular perfusion, which is associated with accelerated cognitive decline. Supplementing the diet with bioactive nutrients that can enhance endothelial function, such as fish oil or curcumin, may help to counteract cerebrovascular dysfunction. Methods and results: A 16-week double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial was undertaken in 152 older sedentary overweight/obese adults (50¿80 years, body mass index: 25¿40 kg/m2) to investigate effects of fish oil (2000 mg docosahexaenoic acid + 400 mg eicosapentaenoic acid/day), curcumin (160 mg/day) or a combination of both on cerebrovascular function (measured by Transcranial Doppler ultrasound), systemic vascular function (blood pressure, heart rate and arterial compliance) and cardiometabolic (fasting glucose and blood lipids) and inflammatory (C-reactive protein) biomarkers. The primary outcome, cerebrovascular responsiveness to hypercapnia, was not affected by the interventions. However, cerebral artery stiffness was significantly reduced in males following fish oil supplementation (P = 0.007). Furthermore, fish oil reduced heart rate (P = 0.038) and serum triglycerides (P = 0.006) and increased HDL cholesterol (P = 0.002). Curcumin did not significantly affect these outcomes either alone or in combination with fish oil. Conclusion: Regular supplementation with fish oil but not curcumin improved biomarkers of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular function. The combined supplementation did not result in additional benefits. Further studies are warranted to identify an efficacious curcumin dose and to characterize (in terms of sex, BMI, cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors) populations whose cerebrovascular and cognitive functions might benefit from either intervention. Clinical trial registration: ACTRN12616000732482p.
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2020 |
Kuszewski JC, Howe PRC, Wong RHX, 'An exploratory analysis of changes in mental wellbeing following curcumin and fish oil supplementation in middle-aged and older adults', Nutrients, 12 1-13 (2020) [C1] Curcumin has previously been shown to enhance mood in non-depressed older adults. However, observedbenefits were limitedtoshort-termsupplementation(4 weeks). In a 16 week randomiz... [more] Curcumin has previously been shown to enhance mood in non-depressed older adults. However, observedbenefits were limitedtoshort-termsupplementation(4 weeks). In a 16 week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2 × 2 factorial design trial, we supplemented overweight or obese non-depressed adults (50¿80 years) with curcumin (160 mg/day), fish oil (2000 mg docosahexaenoic acid +400 mg eicosapentaenoic acid/day), or a combination of both. Secondary outcomes included mental wellbeing measures (mood states and subjective memory complaints (SMCs)) and quality of life (QoL). Furthermore, plasma apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) was measured to determine whether APOE4 status influences responses to fish oil. Curcumin improved vigour (p = 0.044) compared to placebo and reduced SMCs compared to no curcumin treatment (p = 0.038). Fish oil did not affect any mood states, SMCs or QoL; however, responses to fish oil were affected by APOE4 status. In APOE4 non-carriers, fish oil increased vigour (p = 0.030) and reduced total mood disturbances (p = 0.048) compared to placebo. Improvements in mental wellbeing were correlated with increased QoL. Combining curcumin with fish oil did not result in additive effects. This exploratory analysis indicates that regular supplementation with either curcumin or fish oil (limited to APOE4 non-carriers) has the potential to improve some aspects of mental wellbeing in association with better QoL.
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2020 |
Kuszewski JC, Wong RHX, Howe PRC, 'Fish oil supplementation reduces osteoarthritis-specific pain in older adults with overweight/obesity', Rheumatology Advances in Practice, 4 (2020) [C1]
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2020 |
Zaw JJT, Howe PRC, Wong RHX, 'Sustained Cerebrovascular and Cognitive Benefits of Resveratrol in Postmenopausal Women', NUTRIENTS, 12 (2020) [C1]
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2020 |
Kuszewski JC, Howe PRC, Wong RHX, 'Evaluation of Cognitive Performance following Fish-Oil and Curcumin Supplementation in Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Overweight or Obesity', JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, 150 3190-3199 (2020) [C1]
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2020 |
Wong RH, Zaw JJT, Xian CJ, Howe PR, 'Regular supplementation with resveratrol improves bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial', Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, (2020) [C1] This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Resveratrol, a naturally-occurring polyphenol in red grapes and berries, can act as a phytoestrogen. It has been shown... [more] This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Resveratrol, a naturally-occurring polyphenol in red grapes and berries, can act as a phytoestrogen. It has been shown to improve both systemic and cerebral circulatory functions, possibly through activation of endothelial estrogen receptors. In vitro and in vivo studies in rodent models also indicate a bone-protective role for resveratrol, particularly in ovariectomised rat models that mimic postmenopausal osteoporosis caused by estrogen deficiency. Hypothesising a circulatory benefit of resveratrol in bone tissue, we investigated whether resveratrol supplementation could improve bone health in postmenopausal women. The Resveratrol for Healthy Ageing in Women (RESHAW) trial was a 24-month randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-period crossover intervention conducted to evaluate the effects of resveratrol (75mg twice daily) on cognition, cerebrovascular function, bone health, cardiometabolic markers and well-being in postmenopausal women. Following 12 months of supplementation with resveratrol versus placebo, there were positive effects on bone density in the lumbar spine (+0.016±0.003 g/cm2 ) and neck of femur (+0.005±0.002 g/cm2 ), which were accompanied by a 7.24% reduction in C-terminal telopeptide type-1 collagen levels, a bone resorption marker, compared to placebo. The increase in bone mineral density in the femoral neck resulted in an improvement in T-score (+0.070±0.018) and a reduction in the 10-year probability of major and hip fracture risk. The magnitude of improvement was higher in women with poor bone health biomarker status. Importantly, the improvement in femoral neck T-score with resveratrol correlated with improvement in perfusion. Our sub-analysis also revealed that the bone-protective benefit of resveratrol was greater in participants who supplemented with vitamin D plus calcium. Regular supplementation with 75mg of resveratrol twice daily has the potential to slow bone loss in the lumbar spine and femoral neck, common fracture sites in postmenopausal women without overt osteoporosis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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2019 |
Kakall ZM, Kavurma MM, Cohen EM, Howe PR, Nedoboy PE, Pilowsky PM, 'Repetitive hypoglycemia reduces activation of glucose-responsive neurons in C1 and C3 medullary brain regions to subsequent hypoglycemia', American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism, 317 E388-E398 (2019) [C1] The impaired ability of the autonomic nervous system to respond to hypoglycemia is termed ¿hypoglycemia-associ-ated autonomic failure¿ (HAAF). This life-threatening phenomenon res... [more] The impaired ability of the autonomic nervous system to respond to hypoglycemia is termed ¿hypoglycemia-associ-ated autonomic failure¿ (HAAF). This life-threatening phenomenon results from at least two recent episodes of hypoglycemia, but the pathology underpinning HAAF remains largely unknown. Although naloxone appears to improve hypoglycemia counterregulation under controlled conditions, hypoglycemia prevention remains the current mainstay therapy for HAAF. Epinephrine-synthesizing neurons in the rostroventrolateral (C1) and dorsomedial (C3) medulla project to the subset of sympathetic preganglionic neurons that regulate peripheral epinephrine release. Here we determined whether or not C1 and C3 neuronal activation is impaired in HAAF and whether or not 1 wk of hypoglycemia prevention or treatment with naloxone could restore C1 and C3 neuronal activation and improve HAAF. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats (250 ¿300 g) were used. Plasma epinephrine levels were significantly increased after a single episode of hypoglycemia (n = 4; 5,438 ± 783 pg/ml vs. control 193 ± 27 pg/ml, P < 0.05). Repeated hypoglycemia significantly reduced the plasma epinephrine response to subsequent hypoglycemia (n = 4; 2,179 ± 220 pg/ml vs. 5,438 ± 783 pg/ml, P < 0.05). Activation of medullary C1 (n = 4; 50 ± 5% vs. control 3 ± 1%, P < 0.05) and C3 (n = 4; 45 ± 5% vs. control 4 ± 1%, P < 0.05) neurons was significantly increased after a single episode of hypoglycemia. Activation of C1 (n = 4; 12 ± 3%, P < 0.05) and C3 (n = 4; 19 ± 5%, P < 0.05) neurons was significantly reduced in the HAAF groups. Hypoglycemia prevention or treatment with naloxone did not restore the plasma epinephrine response or C1 and C3 neuronal activation. Thus repeated hypoglycemia reduced the activation of C1 and C3 neurons mediating adrenal medullary responses to subsequent bouts of hypoglycemia.
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2019 |
Fulton AS, Baldock KL, Coates AM, Williams MT, Howe PRC, Haren MT, et al., 'Polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and lung function in a regional Australian population: A cross-sectional study with a nested case-control analysis', Journal of Nutrition and Intermediary Metabolism, 18 (2019) [C1]
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2019 |
Hassanshahi M, Su YW, Khabbazi S, Fan CM, Chen KM, Wang JF, et al., 'Flavonoid genistein protects bone marrow sinusoidal blood vessels from damage by methotrexate therapy in rats', Journal of Cellular Physiology, 234 11276-11286 (2019) [C1] Cancer chemotherapy can cause significant damage to the bone marrow (BM) microvascular (sinusoidal) system. Investigations must now address whether and how BM sinusoidal endotheli... [more] Cancer chemotherapy can cause significant damage to the bone marrow (BM) microvascular (sinusoidal) system. Investigations must now address whether and how BM sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) can be protected during chemotherapy. Herein we examined the potential protective effects of genistein, a soy-derived flavonoid, against BM sinusoidal damage caused by treatment with methotrexate (MTX). The groups of young adult rats were gavaged daily with genistein (20 mg/kg) or placebo. After 1 week, rats also received daily injections of MTX (0.75 mg/kg) or saline for 5 days and were killed after a further 4 days. Histological analyses showed that BM sinusoids were markedly dilated (p < 0.001) in the MTX-alone group but were unaffected or less dilated in the genistein+MTX group. In control rats, genistein significantly enhanced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; p < 0.01), particularly in osteoblasts, and angiogenesis marker CD31 (p < 0.001) in bone. In MTX-treated rats, genistein suppressed MTX-induced apoptosis of BM SECs (p < 0.001 vs MTX alone group) and tended to increase expression of CD31 and VEGF (p < 0.05). Our in vitro studies showed that genistein in certain concentrations protected cultured SECs from MTX cytotoxic effects. Genistein enhanced tube formation of cultured SECs, which is associated with its ability to induce expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and production of nitric oxide. These data suggest that genistein can protect BM sinusoids during MTX therapy, which is associated, at least partially, with its indirect effect of promoting VEGF expression in osteoblasts and its direct effect of enhancing nitric oxide production in SECs.
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2019 |
Wong R, Al-Omary M, Baker D, Spratt N, Boyle A, Baker N, et al., 'Cognitive dysfunction is associated with abnormal responses in cerebral blood flow in patients with single ventricular physiology: Novel insights from transcranial Doppler ultrasound', Congenital Heart Disease, 14 638-644 (2019) [C1] Objectives: Improvements in the management of complex congenital heart disease, including those with single ventricle physiology, have resulted in increased survival. As this popu... [more] Objectives: Improvements in the management of complex congenital heart disease, including those with single ventricle physiology, have resulted in increased survival. As this population ages, the recognition of cognitive impairment is increasingly important. At present, little is known about the potential mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to characterize the nature of abnormalities in cerebral blood flow and the relationship to cognitive deficits in adults with single ventricular physiology. Patients: Ten adults with single ventricular physiology (age 18-40¿years) and 12 age- and gender-matched controls underwent transcranial Doppler ultrasound and accompanying cognitive assessment. Outcome Measures: Patients underwent neuropsychological testing that assessed differing cognitive domains, with subjective cognitive decline determined from a 24-question survey. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used to assess baseline cerebral blood flow as well as change in cerebral blood flow velocities from baseline and during cognitive testing. Age, ethnicity, individual, and parental education levels were considered in the multivariate analyses. Results: On assessment of cognitive function, the patient group performed more poorly across each of the measured domains. The control group had a significantly greater increase in cerebral blood flow in response to cognitive stimuli compared to the patient cohort; these differences in response to cognitive stimuli were seen to a similar extent across each of the measured cognitive domains. Conclusion: Adults with Fontan physiology are underperforming in assessments of executive function with associated abnormalities in cerebral perfusion potentially contributing to cognitive deficits.
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2018 |
Howe PRC, Evans HM, Kuszewski JC, Wong RHX, 'Effects of Long Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Brain Function in Mildly Hypertensive Older Adults', Nutrients, 10 (2018) [C1]
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2018 |
Fan CM, Su YW, Howe PR, Xian CJ, 'Long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation protects against adriamycin and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy-induced bone marrow damage in female rats', International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19 (2018) [C1]
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2018 |
Kuszewski J, Wong RHX, Howe PR, 'Can Curcumin Counteract Cognitive Decline? Clinical Trial Evidence and Rationale for Combining -3 Fatty Acids with Curcumin', Advances in Nutrition, 9 105-113 (2018) [C1]
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2018 |
Gavgani AM, Wong RHX, Howe PRC, Hodgson DM, Walker FR, Nalivaiko E, 'Cybersickness-related changes in brain hemodynamics: A pilot study comparing transcranial Doppler and near-infrared spectroscopy assessments during a virtual ride on a roller coaster.', Physiol Behav, 191 56-64 (2018) [C1]
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2018 |
Wong RHX, 'Resveratrol Counteracts Insulin Resistance Potential Role of the Circulation', Nutrients, 10 1-10 (2018) [C1]
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2018 |
Watson NA, Dyer KA, Buckley JD, Brinkworth GD, Coates AM, Parfitt G, et al., 'Comparison of two low-fat diets, differing in protein and carbohydrate, on psychological wellbeing in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes: A randomised clinical trial', Nutrition Journal, 17 (2018) [C1]
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2018 |
Jay Jay Thaung Zaw, Howe P, Wong RHX, 'Postmenopausal health interventions: Time to move on from the Women s Health Initiative?', Ageing Research Reviews, 48 79-86 (2018) [C1]
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2018 |
Watson NA, Dyer KA, Buckley JD, Brinkworth GD, Coates AM, Parfitt G, et al., 'Reductions in food cravings are similar with low-fat weight loss diets differing in protein and carbohydrate in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes: A randomized clinical trial', Nutrition Research, 57 56-66 (2018) [C1] Food cravings are common in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Higher-protein diets are effective in improving satiety but their effect on cravings is unclear. It was hypothesized that a high... [more] Food cravings are common in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Higher-protein diets are effective in improving satiety but their effect on cravings is unclear. It was hypothesized that a high protein (HP) diet would provide greater reductions in cravings than an isocaloric higher-carbohydrate diet (HC). In a randomized controlled trial, 61 adults (54% males) with T2D (means ± SD: BMI 34.3 ± 5.1 kg/m 2 ; aged 55 ± 8 years) consumed either a HP diet (mean across study: 29% protein, 34% carbohydrate, 31% fat) or an isocaloric HC diet (21%:48%:24%) for 12-weeks each of weight loss (WL) and weight maintenance (WM). The Food Craving Inventory (FCI), measuring types of foods craved and the General Food Craving Questionnaires measuring traits (G-FCQ-T) and states (G-FCQ-S) were assessed at Weeks 0, 12 and 24. Weight changes were similar between groups (means ± SEM: WL: -7.8 ± 0.6 kg, WM: -0.6 ± 0.4 kg). No group effects or group x time interactions were found for any outcome (P =.07). Independent of group, all food cravings (except carbohydrates) and G-FCQ-T subscales decreased over the 24-week study (P =.04) with sweets and fast food cravings, loss of control and emotional cravings reducing following WL (P =.03). Obsessive preoccupation with food decreased following both phases (WL: P =.03; WM: P =.001). Weight was associated with several FCI subscales (r = 0.24, P =.04). In conclusion, both the HP and HC diets provided significant reductions in food cravings after similar weight losses which were maintained when weight was stabilized.
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2017 |
Barbour JA, Stojanovski E, Moran LJ, Howe PRC, Coates AM, 'The addition of peanuts to habitual diets is associated with lower consumption of savory non core snacks by men and sweet non core snacks by women', Nutrition Research, 41 65-72 (2017) [C1] Snacking is associated with intakes of non¿core foods which may predispose to obesity. Peanuts have potential satiety benefits and may assist with weight management; we hypothesiz... [more] Snacking is associated with intakes of non¿core foods which may predispose to obesity. Peanuts have potential satiety benefits and may assist with weight management; we hypothesized that peanut consumption would reduce intake of non¿core snack foods due to compensation. We investigated the effects of adding peanuts to a habitual diet on snacking habits and energy intake. Sixty-one healthy participants (65¿±¿7¿years, body mass index 31¿±¿4¿kg/m2) consumed their habitual diet with or without peanuts (56¿g/d for 32 women, 84¿g/d for 29 men) for 12¿weeks each in a randomized crossover design. Food diaries were analyzed at baseline and after each 12-week period for meal and snack content and timing. Total energy intake was higher (17% for men [P¿<¿.001], 9% for women [P¿<¿.001]) during the peanut phase. Body weight was 0.5¿±¿0.2¿kg (P¿=¿.010) greater during the peanut phase. Snacking occasions increased during the peanut phase (53% for men [P¿=¿.001], 14% for women [P¿=¿.01]). Servings of other snack foods did not change during the peanut phase (P¿=¿.6) compared with control. However, sex-specific analysis revealed that men and women consumed less savory (P¿<¿.001) and sweet (P¿=¿.01) non¿core snacks, respectively, during the peanut phase. Despite increased energy intake and snacking frequency, peanuts may improve the diet through sex-specific reductions of non¿core foods; for optimal energy balance, peanuts should be substituted rather than added to the diet.
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2017 |
Kuszewski JC, Wong RHX, Howe PRC, 'Effects of Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Endothelial Vasodilator Function and Cognition-Are They Interrelated', NUTRIENTS, 9 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Cai S, Coates AM, Buckley JD, Berry NM, Burres L, Beltrame J, et al., 'There is No Association Between the Omega-3 Index and Depressive Symptoms in Patients With Heart Disease Who Are Low Fish Consumers', Heart Lung and Circulation, 26 276-284 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Evans HM, Howe PRC, Wong RHX, 'Effects of Resveratrol on Cognitive Performance, Mood and Cerebrovascular Function in Post-Menopausal Women; A 14-Week Randomised Placebo-Controlled Intervention Trial', NUTRIENTS, 9 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Lee AMC, Shandala T, Soo PP, Su Y-W, King TJ, Chen K-M, et al., 'Effects of Resveratrol Supplementation on Methotrexate Chemotherapy-Induced Bone Loss', NUTRIENTS, 9 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Barbour JA, Howe PRC, Buckley JD, Bryan J, Coates AM, 'Cerebrovascular and cognitive benefits of high-oleic peanut consumption in healthy overweight middle-aged adults.', Nutritional neuroscience, 20 555-562 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Wong R, Ahmad W, Davies A, Spratt N, Boyle A, Levi C, et al., 'Assessment of cerebral blood flow in adult patients with aortic coarctation', Cardiology in the Young, 27 1606-1613 (2017) [C1] Background Survival into adult life in patients with aortic coarctation is typical following surgical and catheter-based techniques to relieve obstruction. Late sequelae are recog... [more] Background Survival into adult life in patients with aortic coarctation is typical following surgical and catheter-based techniques to relieve obstruction. Late sequelae are recognised, including stroke, hypertension, and intracerebral aneurysm formation, with the underlying mechanisms being unclear. We hypothesised that patients with a history of aortic coarctation may have abnormalities of cerebral blood flow compared with controls. Methods Patients with a history of aortic coarctation underwent assessment of cerebral vascular function. Vascular responsiveness of intracranial vessels to hypercapnia and degree of cerebral artery stiffness using Doppler-derived pulsatility indices were used. Response to photic stimuli was used to assess neurovascular coupling, which reflects endothelial function in response to neuronal activation. Patient results were compared with age- and sex-matched controls. Results A total of 13 adult patients (males=10; 77%) along with 13 controls underwent evaluation. The mean age was 36.1±3.7 years in the patient group. Patients with a background of aortic coarctation were noted to have increased pulse pressure on blood pressure assessment at baseline with increased intracranial artery stiffness compared with controls. Patients with a history of aortic coarctation had less reactive cerebral vasculature to hypercapnic stimuli and impaired neurovascular coupling compared with controls. Results Adult patients with aortic coarctation had increased intracranial artery stiffness compared with controls, in addition to cerebral vasculature showing less responsiveness to hypercapnic and photic stimuli. Further studies are required to assess the aetiology and consequences of these documented abnormalities in cerebral blood flow in terms of stroke risk, cerebral aneurysm formation, and cognitive dysfunction.
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2017 |
Zaw JJT, Howe PRC, Wong RHX, 'Does phytoestrogen supplementation improve cognition in humans? A systematic review', Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1403 150-163 (2017) [C1] Recent evidence indicates that resveratrol, a phytoestrogen, can improve cognitive function in postmenopausal women by enhancing cerebral vasodilator responsiveness. We examine th... [more] Recent evidence indicates that resveratrol, a phytoestrogen, can improve cognitive function in postmenopausal women by enhancing cerebral vasodilator responsiveness. We examine the effects of phytoestrogen supplementation on cognition and compare resveratrol with other phytoestrogens. Databases were searched for reports of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) containing terms describing phytoestrogens together with terms relating to cognition. Effect sizes were determined for changes in cognition. We identified 23 RCTs, 15 with isoflavone and eight with resveratrol or grape formulations. Six soy isoflavone studies showed positive cognitive effects of medium size. Greater benefits were seen in women who were <10 years postmenopausal and supplemented for <6 months. Small-to-medium effect¿size cognitive benefits of resveratrol were seen in four studies of older adults of mixed gender and in postmenopausal women who took 150¿200 mg resveratrol daily for at least 14 weeks. No benefits were seen in three studies using red clover or grape formulations. Supplementation with either soy isoflavone or resveratrol improved executive function and memory domains of cognitively normal older adults in half of the included studies, mostly with medium effect sizes. The cognitive benefit of resveratrol was related to improved cerebral perfusion.
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2017 |
Wong RHX, Evans HM, Howe PRC, 'Resveratrol supplementation reduces pain experience by postmenopausal women', Menopause, 24 916-922 (2017) [C1] Objective: Pain is a common complaint among postmenopausal women. It has been postulated that vascular dysfunction caused by estrogen decline at menopause plays a key role in the ... [more] Objective: Pain is a common complaint among postmenopausal women. It has been postulated that vascular dysfunction caused by estrogen decline at menopause plays a key role in the initiation and progression of degradative joint disease, namely age-related osteoarthritis. We evaluated whether supplementation with resveratrol, a phytoestrogen, could improve aspects of well-being such as chronic pain that is commonly experienced by postmenopausal women. Methods: A 14-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention with trans-resveratrol (75mg, twice daily) was conducted in 80 healthy postmenopausal women. Aspects of well-being, including pain, menopausal symptoms, sleep quality, depressive symptoms, mood states, and quality of life were assessed by Short form-36 at baseline and at the end of treatment. Rating scales were averaged to provide a composite score representing overall well-being. Cerebral vasodilator responsiveness to hypercapnia was also assessed as a surrogate marker for cerebrovascular function. Results: Compared with placebo treatment, there was a significant reduction in pain and an improvement in total well-being after resveratrol supplementation. Both benefits, including measures of quality of life, correlated with improvements in cerebrovascular function. Conclusions: Our preliminary findings indicate potential for resveratrol treatment to reduce chronic pain in age-related osteoarthritis. Resveratrol consumption may also boost perceptions of well-being in postmenopausal women. Further investigation to elucidate underlying mechanisms is warranted.
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2017 |
Su Y-W, Chen K-M, Hassanshahi M, Tang Q, Howe PR, Xian CJ, 'Childhood cancer chemotherapy-induced bone damage: pathobiology and protective effects of resveratrol and other nutraceuticals.', Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1403 109-117 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Fulton AS, Coates AM, Williams MT, Howe PRC, Garg ML, Wood LG, et al., 'Fish oil supplementation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial.', Pilot and feasibility studies, 3 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Fan C, Georgiou KR, Morris HA, McKinnon RA, Keefe DMK, Howe PR, Xian CJ, 'Combination breast cancer chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide damages bone and bone marrow in a female rat model', Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 165 41-51 (2017) [C1] Purpose: Anthracyclines (including doxorubicin) are still the backbone of commonly used breast cancer chemotherapy regimens. Despite increasing use of doxorubicin and cyclophospha... [more] Purpose: Anthracyclines (including doxorubicin) are still the backbone of commonly used breast cancer chemotherapy regimens. Despite increasing use of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC) combinations for treating breast cancer, their potential to cause adverse skeletal effects remains unclear. Methods: This study examined the effects of treatments with the AC regimen on bone and bone marrow in adult female rats. Results: AC treatment for four cycles (weekly intravenous injection of 2¿mg/kg doxorubicin and 20¿mg/kg cyclophosphamide) resulted in a reduced volume of trabecular bone at the metaphysis, which was associated with reduced serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 and alkaline phosphatase. Reductions in densities of osteocytes and bone lining cells were also observed. In addition, bone marrow was severely damaged, including a severe reduction in bone marrow cellularity and an increase in marrow adipocyte content. Accompanying these changes, there were increases in mRNA expression of adipogenesis regulatory genes (PPAR¿ and FABP4) and an inflammatory cytokine (TNFa) in metaphysis bone and bone marrow. Conclusions: This study indicates that AC chemotherapy may induce some bone loss, due to reduced bone formation, and bone marrow damage, due to increased marrow adiposity. Preventive strategies for preserving the bone and bone marrow microenvironment during anthracycline chemotherapy warrant further investigation.
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2017 |
Nealon RS, Howe PRC, Jansen L, Garg M, Wong RHX, 'Impaired cerebrovascular responsiveness and cognitive performance in adults with type 2 diabetes', Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 31 462-467 (2017) [C1] Aim Cognitive deficits in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may be partly attributable to stiffness in cerebral arteries and impaired vasodilator function, limiting the ability to i... [more] Aim Cognitive deficits in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may be partly attributable to stiffness in cerebral arteries and impaired vasodilator function, limiting the ability to increase blood flow in brain regions to meet cognitive demands. We undertook a comparison of cerebrovascular responsiveness (CVR) and cognitive performance in adults with and without T2DM. Methods Older adults with (50) and without (Herath, Cherbuin, Eramudugolla, & Anstey, 2016) T2DM underwent transcranial Doppler ultrasound measurements of basal cerebral mean blood flow velocity (MBFV) and pulsatility index (PI), a measure of arterial stiffness, in the middle cerebral arteries (MCA). A battery of tasks assessing domains of working memory, executive function and information processing/motor speed was then administered while MBFV was recorded. CVR to cognitive tasks was calculated as a percentage increase in MBFV from the basal level. Results There was no difference in basal MBFV between groups. However, PI was 14% higher in the T2DM group (P¿<¿0.05), who performed poorer across all cognitive domains assessed and displayed poorer CVR in three tasks. Cognitive performance was inversely related to the PI/MBFV ratio, an indicator of intracranial stenosis. Discussion Impaired cerebral perfusion during mental tasks is accompanied by poor cognitive performance and stiffness in the cerebral vessels.
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2017 |
Dale MJ, Coates AM, Howe PRC, Tomkinson GR, Haren MT, Brown A, et al., 'No effect of a whey growth factor extract during resistance training on strength, body composition, or hypertrophic gene expression in resistance-trained young men', Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 16 230-238 (2017) [C1] Growth factors can be isolated from bovine milk to form a whey growth factor extract (WGFE). This study examined whether WGFE promoted activation of the AKT/mTOR pathway enabling ... [more] Growth factors can be isolated from bovine milk to form a whey growth factor extract (WGFE). This study examined whether WGFE promoted activation of the AKT/mTOR pathway enabling increased lean tissue mass and strength in resistance trained men. Forty six men with >6 months of resistance training (RT) experience performed 12 weeks of RT. Participants consumed 20 g/day of whey protein and were randomised to receive either 1.6 g WGFE/day (WGFE; n = 22) or 1.6 g cellulose/day (control, CONT; n = 24). The primary outcome was leg press one-repetition maximum (LP1-RM) which was assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks. At baseline and 12 weeks body composition was assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, and muscle protein synthesis and gene expression were assessed (vastus lateralis biopsy) in a sub-sample (WGFE n = 10, CONT n = 10) pre- and 3 hr post-training. RT increased LP1-RM (+34.9%) and lean tissue mass (+2.3%; p < 0.05) with no difference between treatments (p > 0.48, treatment x time). Post-exercise P70s6k phosphorylation increased acutely, FOXO3a phosphorylation was unaltered. There were no differences in kinase signalling or gene expression between treatments. Compared with CONT, WGFE did not result in greater increases in lean tissue mass or strength in experienced resistance trained men.
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2016 |
Tsiros MD, Coates AM, Howe PRC, Walkley J, Hills AP, Wood RE, Buckley JD, 'Adiposity is related to decrements in cardiorespiratory fitness in obese and normal-weight children', Pediatric Obesity, 11 144-150 (2016) [C1] Background Obese children are typically less physically active than their normal-weight peers and are often assumed to be 'unfit'. Objective Investigate the relationship... [more] Background Obese children are typically less physically active than their normal-weight peers and are often assumed to be 'unfit'. Objective Investigate the relationships between adiposity, physical activity levels and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in obese and normal-weight children. A secondary aim was to examine obese/normal-weight differences in CRF. Methods Obese (N = 107) and normal-weight (N = 132) 10-13-year-olds participated. Fat-free mass (FFM), percent fat, physical activity and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) were assessed. Analyses were adjusted for socioeconomic status (SES). Results Higher percent fat was inversely associated with VO2peak normalized for mass (r = -0.780, P < 0.001) even after controlling for physical activity (r = -0.673, P < 0.001). While higher percent fat was also inversely associated with VO2peak normalized for FFM, this was only significant in males (r = -0.247, P = 0.004) and did not persist after controlling for physical activity (r = -0.059 P = 0.526). Compared with normal-weight children, obese children had higher absolute VO2peak, lower VO2peak corrected for mass (P = 0.009) and lower VO2peak corrected for FFM (P = 0.041) that did not persist after controlling for SES (P = 0.086). Conclusion Obesity-related inefficiencies in CRF were evident. Higher adiposity was associated with poorer CRF relative to mass, irrespective of physical activity levels. However, low physical activity levels may be responsible for associations between adiposity and CRF relative to FFM seen in boys, indicating the importance of encouraging physical activity.
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2016 |
Evans HM, Howe PRC, Wong RHX, 'Clinical evaluation of effects of chronic resveratrol supplementation on cerebrovascular function, cognition, mood, physical function and general well-being in postmenopausal women rationale and study design', Nutrients, 8 (2016) [C1] Background: This methodological paper presents both a scientific rationale and a methodological approach for investigating the effects of resveratrol supplementation on mood and c... [more] Background: This methodological paper presents both a scientific rationale and a methodological approach for investigating the effects of resveratrol supplementation on mood and cognitive performance in postmenopausal women. Postmenopausal women have an increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia, which may be at least partly due to loss of beneficial effects of estrogen on the cerebrovasculature. We hypothesise that resveratrol, a phytoestrogen, may counteract this risk by enhancing cerebrovascular function and improving regional blood flow in response to cognitive demands. A clinical trial was designed to test this hypothesis. Method: Healthy postmenopausal women were recruited to participate in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled (parallel comparison) dietary intervention trial to evaluate the effects of resveratrol supplementation (75 mg twice daily) on cognition, cerebrovascular responsiveness to cognitive tasks and overall well-being. They performed the following tests at baseline and after 14 weeks of supplementation: Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Cambridge Semantic Memory Battery, the Double Span and the Trail Making Task. Cerebrovascular function was assessed simultaneously by monitoring blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral arteries using transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Conclusion: This trial provides a model approach to demonstrate that, by optimising circulatory function in the brain, resveratrol and other vasoactive nutrients may enhance mood and cognition and ameliorate the risk of developing dementia in postmenopausal women and other at-risk populations.
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2016 |
Wong RHX, Nealon RS, Scholey A, Howe PRC, 'Low dose resveratrol improves cerebrovascular function in type 2 diabetes mellitus', Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 26 393-399 (2016) [C1] Background and aims: Progressive microvascular dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may impair the ability of cerebral vessels to supply blood to brain regions during lo... [more] Background and aims: Progressive microvascular dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may impair the ability of cerebral vessels to supply blood to brain regions during local metabolic demand, thereby increasing risks of dementia. Having previously demonstrated that resveratrol can enhance vasodilator function in the systemic circulation, we hypothesised that resveratrol could similarly benefit the cerebral circulation. We aimed to determine the most efficacious dose of resveratrol to improve cerebral vasodilator responsiveness (CVR) in T2DM. Methods and results: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, balanced crossover intervention, 36 dementia-free, non-insulin dependent T2DM older adults (49-78 years old) consumed single doses of synthetic trans-resveratrol (0, 75, 150, and 300 mg) at weekly intervals. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used to assess CVR to a hypercapnic stimulus, both before and 45 min after treatment. CVR, measured bilaterally in the middle cerebral arteries (MCA) and posterior cerebral arteries (PCA), was expressed as the percentage change in mean blood flow velocity from baseline to the peak velocity attained during hypercapnia. Resveratrol consumption increased CVR in the MCA; mean within-individual changes for each dose from placebo were 13.8 ± 3.5% for 75 mg (P = 0.001), 8.9 ± 3.5% for 150 mg (P = 0.016), and 13.7 ± 3.3% for 300 mg (P < 0.001); only the 75 mg dose was efficacious in the PCA (13.2 ± 4.5%, P = 0.016). Conclusions: Our results provide the first clinical evidence of an acute enhancement of vasodilator responsiveness in cerebral vessels following consumption of resveratrol in this population who are known to have endothelial dysfunction and sub-clinical cognitive impairment. Importantly, maximum improvement was observed with the lowest dose used. Clinical trial registration: ACTRN12614000891628 (. www.anzctr.org.au).
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2016 |
Bellenger CR, Thomson RL, Howe PRC, Karavirta L, Buckley JD, 'Monitoring athletic training status using the maximal rate of heart rate increase', Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 19 590-595 (2016) [C1] Objectives: Reductions in maximal rate of heart rate increase (rHRI) correlate with performance reductions when training load is increased. This study evaluated whether rHRI track... [more] Objectives: Reductions in maximal rate of heart rate increase (rHRI) correlate with performance reductions when training load is increased. This study evaluated whether rHRI tracked performance changes across a range of training states. Design: Prospective intervention. Methods: rHRI was assessed during five min of cycling at 100 W (rHRIcyc) and running at 8 km/h (rHRIrun) in 13 male triathletes following two weeks of light-training (LT), two weeks of heavy-training (HT) and a two-day recovery period (RP). A five min cycling time-trial assessed performance and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). Results: Performance likely decreased following HT (Effect size ± 90% confidence interval = -0.18 ± 0.09), then very likely increased following RP (0.32 ± 0.14). rHRIcyc very likely decreased (-0.48 ± 0.24), and rHRIrun possibly decreased (-0.33 ± 0.48), following HT. Changes in both measures were unclear following RP. Steady-state HR was almost certainly lower (-0.81 ± 0.31) during rHRIcyc than rHRIrun. A large correlation was found between reductions in performance and rHRIrun (r ± 90%; CI = 0.65 ± 0.34) from LT to HT, but was unclear for rHRIcyc. Trivial within-subject correlations were found between rHRI and performance, but the strength of relationship between rHRIrun and performance was largely associated with VO2peak following LT (r = -0.58 ± 0.38). Conclusions: Performance reductions were most sensitively tracked by rHRIrun following HT. This may be due to rHRIrun being assessed at a higher intensity than rHRIcyc, inferred from a higher steady-state HR and supported by a stronger within-subject relationship between rHRIrun and performance in individuals with a lower VO2peak, in whom the same exercise intensity would represent a greater physiological stress. rHRI assessed at relatively high exercise intensities may better track performance changes.
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2016 |
Wong RHX, Raederstorff D, Howe PRC, 'Acute resveratrol consumption improves neurovascular coupling capacity in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus', Nutrients, 8 (2016) [C1] Background: Poor cerebral perfusion may contribute to cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We conducted a randomized controlled trial to test the hypothesis th... [more] Background: Poor cerebral perfusion may contribute to cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We conducted a randomized controlled trial to test the hypothesis that resveratrol can enhance cerebral vasodilator function and thereby alleviate the cognitive deficits in T2DM.We have already reported that acute resveratrol consumption improved cerebrovascular responsiveness (CVR) to hypercapnia. We now report the effects of resveratrol on neurovascular coupling capacity (CVR to cognitive stimuli), cognitive performance and correlations with plasma resveratrol concentrations. Methods: Thirty-six T2DM adults aged 40¿80 years were randomized to consume single doses of resveratrol (0, 75, 150 and 300 mg) at weekly intervals. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used to monitor changes in blood flow velocity (BFV) during a cognitive test battery. The battery consisted of dual-tasking (finger tapping with both Trail Making task and Serial Subtraction 3 task) and a computerized multi-tasking test that required attending to four tasks simultaneously. CVR to cognitive tasks was calculated as the per cent increase in BFV from pre-test basal to peak mean blood flow velocity and also as the area under the curve for BFV. Results: Compared to placebo, 75 mg resveratrol significantly improved neurovascular coupling capacity, which correlated with plasma total resveratrol levels. Enhanced performance on the multi-tasking test battery was also evident following 75 mg and 300 mg of resveratrol. Conclusion: a single 75 mg dose of resveratrol was able to improve neurovascular coupling and cognitive performance in T2DM. Evaluation of benefits of chronic resveratrol supplementation is now warranted.
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2016 |
Fan C, Georgiou KR, McKinnon RA, Keefe DMK, Howe PRC, Xian CJ, 'Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, epirubicin and 5-fluorouracil causes trabecular bone loss, bone marrow cell depletion and marrow adiposity in female rats', Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism, 34 277-290 (2016) [C1] The introduction of anthracyclines to adjuvant chemotherapy has increased survival rates among breast cancer patients. Cyclophosphamide, epirubicin and 5-fluorouracil (CEF) combin... [more] The introduction of anthracyclines to adjuvant chemotherapy has increased survival rates among breast cancer patients. Cyclophosphamide, epirubicin and 5-fluorouracil (CEF) combination therapy is now one of the preferred regimens for treating node-positive breast cancer due to better survival with less toxicity involved. Despite the increasing use of CEF, its potential in causing adverse skeletal effects remains unclear. Using a mature female rat model mimicking the clinical setting, this study examined the effects of CEF treatment on bone and bone marrow in long bones. Following six cycles of CEF treatment (weekly intravenous injections of cyclophosphamide at 10¿mg/kg, epirubicin at 2.5¿mg/kg and 5-flurouracil at 10¿mg/kg), a significant reduction in trabecular bone volume was observed at the metaphysis, which was associated with a reduced serum level of bone formation marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP), increased trends of osteoclast density and osteoclast area at the metaphysis, as well as an increased size of osteoclasts being formed from the bone marrow cells ex vivo. Moreover, a severe reduction of bone marrow cellularity was observed following CEF treatment, which was accompanied by an increase in marrow adipose tissue volume. This increase in marrow adiposity was associated with an expansion in adipocyte size but not in marrow adipocyte density. Overall, this study indicates that six cycles of CEF chemotherapy may induce some bone loss and severe bone marrow damage. Mechanisms for CEF-induced bone/bone marrow pathologies and potential preventive strategies warrant further investigation.
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2016 |
Wong RHX, Evans HM, Howe PRC, 'Poor cerebrovascular function is an early marker of cognitive decline in healthy postmenopausal women', Alzheimer's and Dementia: Translational Research and Clinical Interventions, 2 162-168 (2016) [C1] Introduction Impairment of cerebrovascular function becomes evident after menopause. No study has yet explored relationships between deficits in cerebrovascular function, cognitiv... [more] Introduction Impairment of cerebrovascular function becomes evident after menopause. No study has yet explored relationships between deficits in cerebrovascular function, cognitive performance, and mood in postmenopausal women. Method Cerebrovascular function was assessed in 80 healthy postmenopausal women by monitoring blood flow velocity (BFV) in the middle and posterior cerebral arteries using transcranial Doppler ultrasound at rest, following a hypercapnic challenge, and during performance of a cognitive test battery; the latter assessed domains of memory and executive functions. Various measures of mood (i.e., Profile of Mood States and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale) were also assessed. Results Cerebral artery elasticity and BFV responsiveness to cognitive tests (neurovascular coupling) correlated with cognitive performance but not with depressive symptoms or mood states. Mood deficits were related to poor cognitive performance. Conclusion These results highlight the importance of adequate cerebral perfusion for optimized cognitive function in healthy postmenopausal women. Preventative strategies to attenuate accelerated cognitive decline should also consider restoring cerebrovascular function.
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2016 |
Thomson RL, Rogers DK, Howe PRC, Buckley JD, 'Effect of acute exercise-induced fatigue on maximal rate of heart rate increase during submaximal cycling', Research in Sports Medicine, 24 1-15 (2016) [C1] Different mathematical models were used to evaluate if the maximal rate of heart rate (HR) increase (rHRI) was related to reductions in exercise performance resulting from acute f... [more] Different mathematical models were used to evaluate if the maximal rate of heart rate (HR) increase (rHRI) was related to reductions in exercise performance resulting from acute fatigue. Fourteen triathletes completed testing before and after a 2-h run. rHRI was assessed during 5 min of 100-W cycling and a sigmoidal (rHRIsig) and exponential (rHRIexp) model were applied. Exercise performance was assessed using a 5-min cycling time-trial. The run elicited reductions in time-trial performance (1.34 ± 0.19 to 1.25 ± 0.18 kJ · kg-1, P < 0.001), rHRIsig (2.25 ± 1.0 to 1.14 ± 0.7 beats · min-1 · s-1, P < 0.001) and rHRIexp (3.79 ± 2.07 to 1.98 ± 1.05 beats · min-1 · s-1, P = 0.001), and increased pre-exercise HR (73.0 ± 8.4 to 90.5 ± 11.4 beats · min-1, P < 0.001). Pre-post run difference in time-trial performance was related to difference in rHRIsig (r = 0.58, P = 0.04 and r = 0.75, P = 0.003) but not rHRIexp (r = -0.04, P = 0.9 and r = 0.27, P = 0.4) when controlling for differences in pre-exercise and steady-state HR. rHRIsig was reduced following acute exercise-induced fatigue, and correlated with difference in performance.
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2016 |
Thomson RL, Bellenger CR, Howe PRC, Karavirta L, Buckley JD, 'Improved heart rate recovery despite reduced exercise performance following heavy training: A within-subject analysis', Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 19 255-259 (2016) [C1] Objectives: The recovery of heart rate (HRR) after exercise is a potential indicator of fitness which has been shown to respond to changes in training. This study investigated the... [more] Objectives: The recovery of heart rate (HRR) after exercise is a potential indicator of fitness which has been shown to respond to changes in training. This study investigated the within-individual association between HRR and exercise performance following three different training loads. Design: 11 male cyclists/triathletes were tested after two weeks of light training, two weeks of heavy training and two days of rest. Methods: Exercise performance was measured using a 5-min maximal cycling time-trial. HRR was measured over 60 s during supine recovery. Results: Exercise performance decreased 2.2 ± 2.5% following heavy training compared with post-light training (= 0.01), and then increased 4.0 ± 4.2% following rest (= 0.004). Most HRR indices indicated a more rapid recovery of heart rate (HR) following heavy training, and reverted to post light training levels following two days of rest. HRR indices did not differ between post-light training and after the rest period (> 0.6). There were inverse within-subject relationships between indices of HRR and performance (= -0.6, p = 0.004). Peak HR decreased 3.2 ± 5.1 bpm following heavy training (= 0.06) and significantly increased 4.9 ± 4.3 bpm following recovery (= 0.004). There was a moderate within-subject relationship between peak HR and exercise performance (= 0.7, p = 0.001). Controlling for peak HR reduced the relationships between HRR and performance (= -0.4-0.5, p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that HRR tracks short-term changes in exercise performance within-individuals, such that increases in HRR are associated with poorer exercise performance following heavy training. Peak HR can be compromised under conditions of fatigue, and needs to be taken into account in HRR analyses.
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2016 |
Watson N, Dyer K, Buckley J, Brinkworth G, Coates A, Parfitt G, et al., 'Effects of low-fat diets differing in protein and carbohydrate content on cardiometabolic risk factors during weight loss and weight maintenance in obese adults with type 2 diabetes', Nutrients, 8 (2016) [C1]
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2016 |
Tsiros MD, Buckley JD, Olds T, Howe PRC, Hills AP, Walkley J, et al., 'Impaired Physical Function Associated with Childhood Obesity: How Should We Intervene?', Childhood Obesity, 12 126-134 (2016) [C1] Background: This study examined relationships between adiposity, physical functioning, and physical activity. Methods: Obese (N = 107) and healthy-weight (N = 132) children aged 1... [more] Background: This study examined relationships between adiposity, physical functioning, and physical activity. Methods: Obese (N = 107) and healthy-weight (N = 132) children aged 10-13 years underwent assessments of percent body fat (%BF, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry); knee extensor strength (KE, isokinetic dynamometry); cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF, peak oxygen uptake by cycle ergometry); physical health-related quality of life (HRQOL); and worst pain intensity and walking capacity [six-minute walk (6MWT)]. Structural equation modelling was used to assess relationships between variables. Results: Moderate relationships were observed between %BF and (1) 6MWT, (2) KE strength corrected for mass, and (3) CRF relative to mass (r -0.36 to -0.69, p = 0.007). Weak relationships were found between %BF and physical HRQOL (r -0.27, p = 0.008); CRF relative to mass and physical HRQOL (r -0.24, p = 0.003); physical activity and 6MWT (r 0.17, p = 0.004). Squared multiple correlations showed that 29.6% variance in physical HRQOL was explained by %BF, pain, and CRF relative to mass; while 28.0% variance in 6MWT was explained by %BF and physical activity. Conclusions: It appears that children with a higher body fat percentage have poorer KE strength, CRF, and overall physical functioning. Reducing percent fat appears to be the best target to improve functioning. However, a combined approach to intervention, targeting reductions in body fat percentage, reductions in pain, and improvements in physical activity and CRF may assist physical functioning.
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2015 |
Davison K, Howe PRC, 'Potential Implications of Dose and Diet for the Effects of Cocoa Flavanols on Cardiometabolic Function', Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 63 9942-9947 (2015) [C1] The metabolic syndrome is a pathological state whereby cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunction coexist and typically progress in a mutual feed-forward manner to further dysfuncti... [more] The metabolic syndrome is a pathological state whereby cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunction coexist and typically progress in a mutual feed-forward manner to further dysfunction and ultimately disease. The health and function of the vascular endothelium is integral in this phenomenon and thus represents a logical target for intervention. Consumption of foods high in cocoa flavanols has demonstrated a capacity to markedly improve endothelial function and key markers of the metabolic syndrome including blood pressure and insulin sensitivity. The typically high energy content of foods containing sufficient doses of cocoa flavanols has caused some reservations around its therapeutic use, but this is dependent upon the particulars of the food matrix used. Further to this, the food matrix appears to influence the dose response curve of cocoa flavanols, particularly on blood pressure, with dark chocolate appearing to be 8 times more effective in systolic blood pressure reduction than a cocoa powder drink for the equivalent dose of flavanol. Cocoa flavanol consumption conclusively demonstrates a positive impact on cardiometabolic function; however, more research is needed to understand how best to consume it to maximize the benefit while avoiding excessive fat and sugar consumption.
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2015 |
Fulton AS, Hill AM, Williams MT, Howe PRC, Coates AM, 'Paucity of evidence for a relationship between long-chain omega-3 fatty acid intake and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review', Nutrition Reviews, 73 612-623 (2015) [C1] © 2015. Context: The anti-inflammatory activity of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been established in several chronic inflammatory diseases but has yet to ... [more] © 2015. Context: The anti-inflammatory activity of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been established in several chronic inflammatory diseases but has yet to be demonstrated in inflammatory lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate, using PRISMA guidelines, the relationship between the intake of long-chain n-3 PUFAs and the prevalence, severity, and health outcomes of COPD. Data Sources: Eight health databases and the World Health Organization's international clinical trial registry were searched for relevant studies. Study Selection: Experimental or observational studies that were published in English and that assessed long-chain n-3 PUFA intake (by determining habitual consumption and/or tissue levels) in adults with COPD were included. Data Extraction: Publication demographics, participant characteristics, type of intervention or exposure, long-chain n-3 PUFA intake, pulmonary function, COPD mortality, and COPD severity were independently extracted from each article by 2 authors using a prospectively designed data extraction tool. Data Synthesis: All 11 of the studies included in the review were observational. Approximately equal numbers of studies reported significant (n=6, 5 inverse) relationships or no significant relationships (n=5) between either consumption of long-chain n-3 PUFAs or levels of long-chain n-3 PUFAS in tissue and a COPD outcome. Conclusions: Current evidence of a relationship between long-chain n-3 PUFA intake and COPD is limited and conflicting, with studies having wide methodological variation. Registration number: PROSPERO 2013:CRD42013004085.
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2015 |
King TJ, Shandala T, Lee AM, Foster BK, Chen KM, Howe PR, Xian CJ, 'Potential effects of phytoestrogen genistein in modulating acute methotrexate chemotherapy-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone damage in rats', International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 16 18293-18311 (2015) [C1] Chemotherapy-induced bone damage is a frequent side effect which causes diminished bone mineral density and fracture in childhood cancer sufferers and survivors. The intensified u... [more] Chemotherapy-induced bone damage is a frequent side effect which causes diminished bone mineral density and fracture in childhood cancer sufferers and survivors. The intensified use of anti-metabolite methotrexate (MTX) and other cytotoxic drugs has led to the need for a mechanistic understanding of chemotherapy-induced bone loss and for the development of protective treatments. Using a young rat MTX-induced bone loss model, we investigated potential bone protective effects of phytoestrogen genistein. Oral gavages of genistein (20 mg/kg) were administered daily, for seven days before, five days during, and three days after five once-daily injections (sc) of MTX (0.75 mg/kg). MTX treatment reduced body weight gain and tibial metaphyseal trabecular bone volume (p < 0.001), increased osteoclast density on the trabecular bone surface (p < 0.05), and increased the bone marrow adipocyte number in lower metaphyseal bone (p < 0.001). Genistein supplementation preserved body weight gain (p < 0.05) and inhibited ex vivo osteoclast formation of bone marrow cells from MTX-treated rats (p < 0.001). However, MTX-induced changes in bone volume, trabecular architecture, metaphyseal mRNA expression of pro-osteoclastogenic cytokines, and marrow adiposity were not significantly affected by the co-administration of genistein. This study suggests that genistein may suppress MTX-induced osteoclastogenesis; however, further studies are required to examine its potential in protecting against MTX chemotherapy-induced bone damage.
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2015 |
Best T, Howe P, Bryan J, Buckley J, Scholey A, 'Acute effects of a dietary non-starch polysaccharide supplement on cognitive performance in healthy middle-aged adults', NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE, 18 76-86 (2015) [C1]
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2015 |
Fuller JT, Thomson RL, Howe PRC, Buckley JD, 'Vibration Therapy Is No More Effective Than the Standard Practice of Massage and Stretching for Promoting Recovery From Muscle Damage After Eccentric Exercise', Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 25 332-337 (2015) [C1] Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if vibration therapy is more effective than the standard treatment of stretching and massage for improving recovery of muscle... [more] Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if vibration therapy is more effective than the standard treatment of stretching and massage for improving recovery of muscle strength and reducing muscle soreness after muscle damage induced by eccentric exercise. Design: A randomized, single-blinded parallel intervention trial design was used. Setting: Research laboratory. Participants: Fifty untrained men aged 18 to 30 years completed the study. Interventions: Participants performed 100 maximal eccentric muscle actions (ECC<inf>max</inf>) of the right knee extensor muscles. For the next 7 days, 25 participants applied cycloidal vibration therapy to the knee extensors twice daily and 25 participants performed stretching and sports massage (SSM) twice daily. Main Outcome Measures: Changes in markers of muscle damage [peak isometric torque (PIT), serum creatine kinase (CK), and serum myoglobin (Mb)], muscle soreness (visual analog scale), and inflammation [serum C-reactive protein (CRP)] were assessed. Results: After ECC<inf>max</inf>, there was no difference in recovery of PIT and muscle soreness or serum CK, Mb, and CRP levels between vibration and SSM groups (P > 0.28). Conclusions: Cycloidal vibration therapy is no more effective than the standard practice of stretching and massage to promote muscle recovery after the performance of muscle-damaging exercise. Clinical Relevance: Prescription of vibration therapy after maximal exercise involving eccentric muscle damage did not alleviate signs and symptoms of muscle damage faster than the standard prescription of stretching and massage.
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2015 |
Dale MJ, Thomson RL, Coates AM, Howe PRC, Brown A, Buckley JD, 'Protein hydrolysates and recovery of muscle damage following eccentric exercise', Functional Foods in Health and Disease, 5 34-43 (2015) [C1]
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2015 |
Buckley J, Howe P, 'An update from the editorial board of nutrients', Nutrients, 7 5540-5541 (2015) [C3]
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2015 |
Street SJ, Parletta N, Milte C, Sullivan K, Hills AP, Buckley J, Howe P, 'Interaction of erythrocyte eicosapentaenoic acid and physical activity predicts reduced risk of mild cognitive impairment', AGING & MENTAL HEALTH, 19 885-891 (2015) [C1]
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2015 |
Barbour JA, Howe PRC, Buckley JD, Bryan J, Coates AM, 'Effect of 12 weeks high oleic peanut consumption on cardio-metabolic risk factors and body composition', Nutrients, 7 7381-7398 (2015) [C1] © 2015, the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Epidemiological evidence indicates an inverse association between nut consumption and obesity, inflammation, hyperlipidaemi... [more] © 2015, the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Epidemiological evidence indicates an inverse association between nut consumption and obesity, inflammation, hyperlipidaemia and glucose intolerance. We investigated effects of high oleic peanut consumption vs. a nut free diet on adiposity and cardio-metabolic risk markers. In a randomised cross-over design, 61 healthy subjects (65 ± 7 years, body mass index (BMI) 31 ± 4 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) alternated either high oleic peanuts (15%¿20% of energy) or a nut free diet for 12 weeks. Body composition and mass, waist circumference, C-reactive protein (CRP), lipids, glucose and insulin were assessed at baseline and after each phase. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) compared the two diets. Consistent with other nut studies, there were no differences in lipids, CRP, glucose and insulin with peanut consumption. In contrast, some reports have demonstrated benefits, likely due to differences in the study cohort. Energy intake was 10% higher (853 kJ, p < 0.05), following peanut consumption vs. control, attributed to a 30% increase in fat intake (p < 0.001), predominantly monounsaturated (increase 22 g, p < 0.05). Despite greater energy intake during the peanut phase, there were no differences in body composition, and less than predicted increase (0.5 kg) in body weight for this additional energy intake, possibly due to incomplete nutrient absorption and energy utilisation.
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2015 |
Fulton A, Coates A, Williams M, Howe P, Hill A, 'Persistent Citation of the Only Published Randomised Controlled Trial of Omega-3 Supplementation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Six Years after Its Retraction', Publications, 3 17-26 (2015) [C1]
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2015 |
Milte CM, Parletta N, Buckley JD, Coates AM, Young RM, Howe PRC, 'Increased erythrocyte eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are associated with improved attention and behavior in children with adhd in a randomized controlled three-way crossover trial', Journal of Attention Disorders, 19 954-964 (2015) [C1] Objective: To investigate effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on attention, literacy, and behavior... [more] Objective: To investigate effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on attention, literacy, and behavior in children with ADHD. Method: Ninety children were randomized to consume supplements high in EPA, DHA, or linoleic acid (control) for 4 months each in a crossover design. Erythrocyte fatty acids, attention, cognition, literacy, and Conners¿ Parent Rating Scales (CPRS) were measured at 0, 4, 8, 12 months. Results: Fifty-three children completed the treatment. Outcome measures showed no significant differences between the three treatments. However, in children with blood samples (n = 76-46), increased erythrocyte EPA + DHA was associated with improved spelling (r =.365, p <.001) and attention (r = -.540, p <.001) and reduced oppositional behavior (r = -.301, p <.003), hyperactivity (r = -.310, p <.001), cognitive problems (r = -.326, p <.001), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) hyperactivity (r = -.270, p =.002) and DSM-IV inattention (r = -.343, p <.001). Conclusion: Increasing erythrocyte DHA and EPA via dietary supplementation may improve behavior, attention, and literacy in children with ADHD.
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2015 |
Watson NA, Dyer KA, Buckley JD, Brinkworth GD, Coates AM, Parfitt G, et al., 'A randomised trial comparing low-fat diets differing in carbohydrate and protein ratio, combined with regular moderate intensity exercise, on glycaemic control, cardiometabolic risk factors, food cravings, cognitive function and psychological wellbeing in adults with type 2 diabetes: Study protocol', Contemporary Clinical Trials, 45 217-225 (2015) [C1] © 2015 . Background: Hypocaloric low-fat diets, high in protein with moderate carbohydrate (HP) can enhance weight loss, improve glycaemic control and improve cardiometabolic heal... [more] © 2015 . Background: Hypocaloric low-fat diets, high in protein with moderate carbohydrate (HP) can enhance weight loss, improve glycaemic control and improve cardiometabolic health risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, it is unclear whether the metabolic benefits observed during weight loss are sustained during energy-balance and weight maintenance. Furthermore, there is a lack of evidence regarding the effect of HP diets on food cravings, cognitive function and psychological wellbeing in T2DM, despite carbohydrate food cravings, cognitive impairment and depression being associated with hyperglycaemia. Methods/design: Overweight/obese adults with T2DM were randomised to consume either a HP diet (n. = 32, ~. 32% protein, 33% carbohydrate, 30% fat) or a higher-carbohydrate diet (HC, n. = 29, ~. 22% protein, 51% carbohydrate, 22% fat) for 24 weeks with 30 min of moderate intensity exercise five days/week for the study duration. There were 2 phases: a 12 week weight loss phase followed by a 12 week weight maintenance phase. Primary outcome was glycaemic control (glycosylated haemoglobin; HbA1c). Secondary outcomes were cardiometabolic risk factors (body composition, fasting blood pressure, blood lipids, glucose, insulin and C-reactive protein), food cravings, cognitive function (memory; psychomotor and executive function and psychological well-being. Outcomes were measured at baseline and the end of each 12-week intervention phase. Data will be analysed as intention-to-treat using linear mixed effects models. Conclusion: This study will examine the effects of two dietary interventions on health outcomes in T2DM during weight loss and notably following weight maintenance where there is a paucity of evidence.
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2014 |
Thomson RL, Coates AM, Howe PRC, Bryan J, Matsumoto M, Buckley JD, 'Increases in plasma lutein through supplementation are correlated with increases in physical activity and reductions in sedentary time in older adults', Nutrients, 6 974-984 (2014) [C1] Cross-sectional studies have reported positive relationships between serum lutein concentrations and higher physical activity levels. The purpose of the study was to determine whe... [more] Cross-sectional studies have reported positive relationships between serum lutein concentrations and higher physical activity levels. The purpose of the study was to determine whether increasing plasma lutein levels increases physical activity. Forty-four older adults (BMI, 25.3 ± 2.6 kg/m2; age, 68.8 ± 6.4 year) not meeting Australian physical activity guidelines (150 min/week of moderate to vigorous activity) were randomized to consume capsules containing 21 mg of lutein or placebo with 250 mL of full-cream milk per day for 4 weeks and encouraged to increase physical activity. Physical activity was assessed by self-report, pedometry and accelerometry (daily activity counts and sedentary time). Exercise self-efficacy was assessed by questionnaire. Thirty-nine participants competed the study (Lutein = 19, Placebo = 20). Lutein increased plasma lutein concentrations compared with placebo (p < 0.001). Absolute and percentage changes in plasma lutein were inversely associated with absolute (r = -0.36, p = 0.03) and percentage changes (r = -0.39, p = 0.02) in sedentary time. Percentage change in plasma lutein was positively associated with the percentage change in average daily activity counts (r = 0.36, p = 0.03). Exercise self-efficacy did not change (p = 0.16). Lutein increased plasma lutein, which was associated with increased physical activity and reduced sedentary time in older adults. Larger trials should evaluate whether Lutein can provide health benefits over the longer term. © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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2014 |
Howe PRC, Buckley JD, Murphy KJ, Pettman T, Milte C, Coates AM, 'Relationship between erythrocyte omega-3 content and obesity is gender dependent', Nutrients, 6 1850-1860 (2014) [C1] Epidemiological evidence of an inverse association between consumption of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) and obesity has been conflicting, even thoug... [more] Epidemiological evidence of an inverse association between consumption of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) and obesity has been conflicting, even though studies in animal models of obesity and limited human trials suggest that LC n-3 PUFA consumption may contribute to weight loss. We used baseline data from a convenience sample of 476 adults (291 women, 185 men) participating in clinical trials at our Centre to explore relationships between erythrocyte levels of LC n-3 PUFA (a reliable indicator of habitual intake) and measures of adiposity, viz. body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and body fat (BF) assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Means ± SD of assessments were BMI: 34 ± 7 and 31 ± 5 kg/m2; WC: 105 ± 16 and 110 ± 13 cm; BF: 48 ± 5 and 35% ± 6% in women and men respectively. Erythrocyte levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were similar in men and women while docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) was higher and EPA + DHA (Omega-3 Index) slightly lower in men than in women. Both DHA and EPA + DHA correlated inversely with BMI, WC and BF in women while DPA correlated inversely with BF in men. Quartile distributions and curvilinear regression of the Omega-3 Index versus BMI revealed a steep rise of BMI in the lower range of the Omega-3 Index in women, but no association in men. Thus the results highlight important gender differences in relationships of specific LC n-3 PUFA in erythrocytes to markers of adiposity. If these reflect causal relationships between LC n-3 PUFA consumption and risk of obesity, gender specific targeted interventions should be considered. © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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2014 |
Voravuthikunchai S, Howe P, 'Report on the fifth International Conference on Natural Products for Health and Beauty (NATPRO 5) held in Thailand, 6 8th may, 2014', Nutrients, 6 4115-4164 (2014) [C3]
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2014 |
Lee AMC, Shandala T, Nguyen L, Muhlhausler BS, Chen KM, Howe PR, Xian CJ, 'Effects of resveratrol supplementation on bone growth in young rats and microarchitecture and remodeling in ageing rats', Nutrients, 6 5871-5887 (2014) [C1] © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent skeletal disorder in the elderly that causes serious bone fractures. Peak bone mass ac... [more] © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent skeletal disorder in the elderly that causes serious bone fractures. Peak bone mass achieved at adolescence has been shown to predict bone mass and osteoporosis related risk fracture later in life. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol compound, may have the potential to promote bone formation and reduce bone resorption. However, it is unclear whether it can aid bone growth and bone mass accumulation during rapid growth and modulate bone metabolism during ageing. Using rat models, the current study investigated the potential effects of resveratrol supplementation during the rapid postnatal growth period and in late adulthood (early ageing) on bone microarchitecture and metabolism. In the growth trial, 4-week-old male hooded Wistar rats on a normal chow diet were given resveratrol (2.5 mg/kg/day) or vehicle control for 5 weeks. In the ageing trial, 6-month-old male hooded Wistar rats were treated with resveratrol (20 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 3 months. Treatment effects in the tibia were examined by µ-computer tomography ((J.-CT) analysis, bone histomorphometric measurements and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) gene expression analysis. Resveratrol treatment did not affect trabecular bone volume and bone remodeling indices in the youth animal model. Resveratrol supplementation in the early ageing rats tended to decrease trabecular bone volume, Sirt1 gene expression and increased expression of adipogenesis-related genes in bone, all of which were statistically insignificant. However, it decreased osteocalcin expression (p = 0.03). Furthermore, serum levels of bone resorption marker C-terminal telopeptides type I collagen (CTX-1) were significantly elevated in the resveratrol supplementation group (p = 0.02) with no changes observed in serum levels of bone formation marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP). These results in rat models suggest that resveratrol supplementation does not significantly affect bone volume during the rapid growth phase but may potentially have negative effects on male skeleton during early ageing.
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2014 |
Murphy KJ, Parker B, Dyer KA, Davis CR, Coates AM, Buckley JD, Howe PRC, 'A comparison of regular consumption of fresh lean pork, beef and chicken on body composition: a randomized cross-over trial.', Nutrients, 6 682-696 (2014) [C1]
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2014 |
Wong R, Garg M, Wood L, Howe P, 'Antihypertensive Potential of Combined Extracts of Olive Leaf, Green Coffee Bean and Beetroot: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial', Nutrients, 6 4881-4894 (2014) [C1]
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2014 |
O'Callaghan N, Parletta N, Milte CM, Benassi-Evans B, Fenech M, Howe PRC, 'Telomere shortening in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment may be attenuated with -3 fatty acid supplementation: a randomized controlled pilot study.', Nutrition, 30 489-491 (2014) [C1]
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2014 |
Barbour JA, Howe PRC, Buckley JD, Wright GC, Bryan J, Coates AM, 'Lower energy intake following consumption of Hi-oleic and regular peanuts compared with iso-energetic consumption of potato crisps', Appetite, 82 124-130 (2014) [C1] © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Snack foods can contribute a high proportion of energy intake to the diet. Peanuts are a snack food rich in unsaturated fatty acids, protein and fibre which h... [more] © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Snack foods can contribute a high proportion of energy intake to the diet. Peanuts are a snack food rich in unsaturated fatty acids, protein and fibre which have demonstrated satiety effects and may reduce total energy intake, despite their high energy density. This study examined the effects of consuming Hi-oleic (oleic acid ~75% of total fatty acids) peanuts and regular peanuts (oleic acid ~50% and higher in polyunsaturated fatty acids) compared with a high carbohydrate snack (potato crisps) on satiety and subsequent energy intake. Using a triple crossover study design, 24 participants (61 ± 1 years) consumed iso-energetic amounts (56-84 g) of Hi-oleic or regular peanuts or (60-90 g) potato crisps after an overnight fast. Hunger and satiety were assessed at baseline, 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes following snack consumption using visual analogue scales, after which a cold buffet meal was freely consumed and energy intake measured. The same snack was consumed on 3 subsequent days with energy intake assessed from dietary records. This protocol was repeated weekly with each snack food. Total energy intake was lower following consumption of Hi-oleic and regular peanuts compared with crisps, both acutely during the buffet meal (-21%; p <.001 and -17%; p <.01) and over the 4 days (-11%; p <.001 and -9%; p <.01). Despite these reductions in energy intake, no differences in perceived satiety were observed. The findings suggest peanuts may be a preferred snack food to include in the diet for maintaining a healthy weight.
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2014 |
Raghu Nadhanan R, Fan CM, Su YW, Howe PRC, Xian CJ, 'Fish oil in comparison to folinic acid for protection against adverse effects of methotrexate chemotherapy on bone', Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 32 587-596 (2014) [C1] Methotrexate (MTX) chemotherapy is known to cause bone loss which lacks specific preventative treatments, although clinically folinic acid is often used to reduce MTX toxicity in ... [more] Methotrexate (MTX) chemotherapy is known to cause bone loss which lacks specific preventative treatments, although clinically folinic acid is often used to reduce MTX toxicity in soft tissues. This study investigated damaging effects of MTX injections (0.75 mg/kg/day for 5 days) in rats and potential protective benefits of fish oil (0.25, 0.5, or 0.75 ml/100 g/day) in comparison to folinic acid (0.75 mg/kg) in the tibial metaphysis. MTX treatment significantly reduced height of primary spongiosa and volume of trabecular bone while reducing density of osteoblasts. Consistently, MTX reduced osteogenic differentiation but increased adipogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells, accompanied by lower mRNA expression of osteogenic transcription factors Runx2 and Osx, but an up-regulation of adipogenesis-related genes FABP4 and PPAR-¿. MTX also increased osteoclast density, bone marrow osteoclast formation, and mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, TNF-a, and RANKL/OPG ratio in bone. Fish oil (0.5 or 0.75 ml/100 g) or folinic acid supplementation preserved bone volume, osteoblast density, and osteogenic differentiation, and suppressed MTX-induced cytokine expression, osteoclastogenesis, and adipogenesis. Thus, fish oil at 0.5 ml/100 g or above is as effective as folinic acid in counteracting MTX-induced bone damage, conserving bone formation, suppressing resorption and marrow adiposity, suggesting its therapeutic potential in preventing bone loss during MTX chemotherapy. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:587-596, 2014. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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2014 |
Tsiros MD, Buckley JD, Howe PRC, Walkley J, Hills AP, Coates AM, 'Musculoskeletal pain in obese compared with healthy-weight children', Clinical Journal of Pain, 30 583-588 (2014) [C1] OBJECTIVES:: To investigate whether obesity is associated with musculoskeletal pain in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS:: Obese (n=107) and healthy-weight (n=132) 10-to 13-year-old... [more] OBJECTIVES:: To investigate whether obesity is associated with musculoskeletal pain in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS:: Obese (n=107) and healthy-weight (n=132) 10-to 13-year-old children (132 males, 107 females) participated in an observational case-control study. Children self-reported pain location (excluding abdominal pain), pain intensity (current and prior week), and pain prevalence (overall and lower limb) using the Pediatric Pain Questionnaire. Body composition was assessed (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) and children wore an accelerometer for 8 days. RESULTS:: After adjustment for accelerometry (weekly average counts per hour) and socioeconomic status, obese children had more intense pain (worst pain, P=0.006), pain in more locations (P=0.005), and a higher prevalence of lower limb pain (60% vs. 52% respectively, P=0.012) than healthy-weight children. Significant relationships were observed between body mass index and total pain locations (P=0.004, unadjusted and adjusted) and worst pain intensity (P=0.009, adjusted for socioeconomic status/accelerometry). There were no significant relationships between percent body fat and pain variables (unadjusted/adjusted analyses, P=0.262 to 1.0). DISCUSSION:: Obesity in children was associated with increased overall and lower limb musculoskeletal pain, for which body mass index was a stronger predictor than adiposity. Clinicians treating obese children should screen for pain and prescribe exercise programs that take their symptoms into account. Copyright © 2013 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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Nova | |||||||||
2014 |
Barbour JA, Howe PRC, Buckley JD, Bryan J, Coates AM, 'Nut consumption for vascular health and cognitive function', Nutrition Research Reviews, 27 131-158 (2014) [C1] Nuts are rich in many nutrients that can benefit multiple cardiometabolic functions, including arterial compliance, blood pressure, inflammation, glucoregulation and endothelial v... [more] Nuts are rich in many nutrients that can benefit multiple cardiometabolic functions, including arterial compliance, blood pressure, inflammation, glucoregulation and endothelial vasodilatation. Impaired vasodilatation may contribute to impaired cognitive performance due to poor cerebral perfusion. The present narrative review examines associations between nut consumption, vascular health and cognitive function. It includes a systematic search which identified seventy-one epidemiological or intervention studies in which effects of chronic nut consumption on blood pressure, glucoregulation, endothelial vasodilator function, arterial compliance, inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive performance were evaluated. Weighted mean changes were estimated where data were available; they indicate that nut consumption reduces blood pressure and improves glucoregulation, endothelial vasodilator function and inflammation, whilst a limited number of studies suggest that nut consumption may also improve cognitive performance. Further clinical trials are warranted to explore relationships between nut consumption, endothelial function and cognitive function. © 2014 The Authors.
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Nova | |||||||||
2014 |
Nelson MJ, Thomson RL, Rogers DK, Howe PRC, Buckley JD, 'Maximal rate of increase in heart rate during the rest-exercise transition tracks reductions in exercise performance when training load is increased', JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT, 17 129-133 (2014) [C1]
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Nova | |||||||||
2014 |
Wong RHX, Scholey A, Howe PRC, 'Assessing Premorbid Cognitive Ability in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-a Review With Implications for Future Intervention Studies', CURRENT DIABETES REPORTS, 14 (2014) [C1]
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Nova | |||||||||
2014 |
Howe P, Buckley J, 'Metabolic Health Benefits of Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids', MILITARY MEDICINE, 179 138-143 (2014) [C1]
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Nova | |||||||||
2013 | Barbour J, Howe P, Buckley J, Bryan J, Coates A, 'THE ROLE OF NUT CONSUMPTION IN MAINTAINING CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION', ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM, 63 237-237 (2013) | ||||||||||
2013 |
Murphy KJ, Crichton GE, Dyer KA, Coates AM, Pettman TL, Milte C, et al., 'Dairy foods and dairy protein consumption is inversely related to markers of adiposity in obese men and women', Nutrients, 5 4665-4684 (2013) [C1] A number of intervention studies have reported that the prevalence of obesity may be in part inversely related to dairy food consumption while others report no association. We sou... [more] A number of intervention studies have reported that the prevalence of obesity may be in part inversely related to dairy food consumption while others report no association. We sought to examine relationships between energy, protein and calcium consumption from dairy foods (milk, yoghurt, cheese, dairy spreads, ice-cream) and adiposity including body mass index (BMI), waist (WC) and hip circumference (HC), and direct measures of body composition using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (% body fat and abdominal fat) in an opportunistic sample of 720 overweight/obese Australian men and women. Mean (SD) age, weight and BMI of the population were 51 ± 10 year, 94 ± 18 kg and 32.4 ± 5.7 kg/m2, respectively. Reduced fat milk was the most commonly consumed dairy product (235 ± 200 g/day), followed by whole milk (63 ± 128 g/day) and yoghurt (53 ± 66 g/day). Overall dairy food consumption (g/day) was inversely associated with BMI, % body fat and WC (all p < 0.05). Dairy protein and dairy calcium (g/day) were both inversely associated with all adiposity measures (all p < 0.05). Yoghurt consumption (g/day) was inversely associated with % body fat, abdominal fat, WC and HC (all p < 0.05), while reduced fat milk consumption was inversely associated with BMI, WC, HC and % body fat (all p < 0.05). Within a sample of obese adults, consumption of dairy products, dairy protein, and calcium was associated with more favourable body composition. © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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2013 |
Murphy K, Howe P, 'Proceedings of the 2013 meeting of the Australasian Section of the American Oil Chemists Society (AAOCS)', Nutrients, 5 5065-5096 (2013) [C3]
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2013 |
Meyer BJ, Grenyer BFS, Crowe T, Owen AJ, Grigonis-Deane EM, Howe PRC, 'Improvement of Major Depression is Associated with Increased Erythrocyte DHA', Lipids, 48 863-868 (2013) [C1] The aim of this study was to determine if changes in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid status following tuna oil supplementation correlated with changes in scores of depression. ... [more] The aim of this study was to determine if changes in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid status following tuna oil supplementation correlated with changes in scores of depression. A total of 95 volunteers receiving treatment for major depression were randomised to consume 8 × 1 g capsules per day of HiDHA (2 g DHA, 0.6 g EPA and 10 mg Vitamin E) or olive oil (placebo) for 16 weeks, whilst undergoing weekly counseling sessions by trained clinical psychologists using a standard empirically validated psychotherapy. Depression status was assessed using the 17 item Hamilton rating scale for depression and the Beck Depression Inventory by a psychodiagnostician who was blind to the treatment. Blood was taken at baseline and 16 weeks (n = 48) for measurement of erythrocyte fatty acids. With HiDHA supplementation, erythrocyte DHA content rose from 4.1 ± 0.2 to 7.9 ± 0.4 % (mean ± SEM, p < 0.001) of total fatty acids but did not change (4.0 ± 0.2 to 4.1 ± 0.2 %) in the olive oil group. The mean changes in scores of depression did not differ significantly between the two groups (-12.2 ± 2.1 for tuna oil and -14.4 ± 2.3 for olive oil). However, analysis of covariance showed that in the fish oil group there was a significant correlation (r = -0.51) between the change in erythrocyte DHA and the change in scores of depression (p < 0.05). Further study of the relationship between DHA and depression is warranted. © 2013 AOCS.
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2013 |
Wong RHX, Coates AM, Buckley JD, Howe PR, 'Evidence for circulatory benefits of resveratrol in humans', Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1290 52-58 (2013) [C1]
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Nova | |||||||||
2013 |
Wong RHX, Berry NM, Coates AM, Buckley JD, Bryan J, Kunz I, Howe PRC, 'Chronic resveratrol consumption improves brachial flow-mediated dilatation in healthy obese adults', Journal of Hypertension, 31 1819-1827 (2013) [C1] Background: We have previously demonstrated acute dose-dependent increases of flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) in the brachial artery after resveratrol consumption in mildly hyperte... [more] Background: We have previously demonstrated acute dose-dependent increases of flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) in the brachial artery after resveratrol consumption in mildly hypertensive, overweight/obese adults. Resveratrol supplementation has also been shown to increase cerebral blood flow acutely, without affecting cognition. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of chronic resveratrol supplementation on both FMD and cognitive performance. Method: Twenty-eight obese but otherwise healthy adults (BMI: 33.3±0.6kg/m 2) were randomized to take a single 75 mg capsule of trans-resveratrol (Resvida) or placebo daily for 6 weeks each in a double-blind crossover supplementation trial. Blood pressure, arterial compliance, FMD, and performance on the Stroop Color-Word Test were assessed at the end of each 6-week intervention period while fasted and at least 18 h after taking the last daily capsule. An additional capsule of the same supplement was then taken. FMD assessment was repeated 1 h later. Results: Chronic resveratrol supplementation for 6 weeks was well tolerated and resulted in a 23% increase in FMD compared with placebo (P = 0.021, paired t-test). The extent of increase correlated negatively with baseline FMD (r= -0.47, P=0.01). A single dose of resveratrol (75 mg) following chronic resveratrol supplementation resulted in a 35% greater acute FMD response than the equivalent placebo supplementation. These FMD improvements remained significant after adjusting for baseline FMD. Blood pressure, arterial compliance, and all components of the Stroop Color-Word Test were unaffected by chronic resveratrol supplementation. Conclusion: Daily resveratrol consumption was well tolerated and has the potential to maintain healthy circulatory function in obese adults. © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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Nova | |||||||||
2013 |
Meyer BJ, Kolanu N, Griffiths DA, Grounds B, Howe PRC, Kreis IA, 'Food groups and fatty acids associated with self-reported depression: An analysis from the Australian National Nutrition and Health Surveys', NUTRITION, 29 1042-1047 (2013) [C1]
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Nova | |||||||||
2013 |
Tsiros MD, Coates AM, Howe PRC, Grimshaw PN, Walkley J, Shield A, et al., 'Knee extensor strength differences in obese and healthy-weight 10-to 13-year-olds', EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY, 113 1415-1422 (2013) [C1]
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Nova | |||||||||
2013 |
Fulton AS, Hill AM, Williams MT, Howe PR, Frith PA, Wood LG, et al., 'Feasibility of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation as an adjunct therapy for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial', TRIALS, 14 (2013) [C3]
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Nova | |||||||||
2013 |
Nadhanan RR, Skinner J, Chung R, Su Y-W, Howe PR, Xian CJ, 'Supplementation with Fish Oil and Genistein, Individually or in Combination, Protects Bone against the Adverse Effects of Methotrexate Chemotherapy in Rats', PLOS ONE, 8 (2013) [C1]
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Nova | |||||||||
Show 304 more journal articles |
Review (1 outputs)
Year | Citation | Altmetrics | Link | |||||
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2011 |
Tsiros MD, Coates AM, Howe PRC, Grimshaw PN, Buckley JD, 'Obesity: The new childhood disability?', Obesity Reviews (2011) [D1]
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Conference (69 outputs)
Year | Citation | Altmetrics | Link | ||||
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2022 | Litman M, Howe P, Wong R, Coupland K, 'Can resveratrol supplementation increase neurovascular coupling capacity in menstrual migraineurs? A pilot study', JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM, Glasgow, SCOTLAND (2022) | ||||||
2020 | Wong R, Zaw JJT, Xian C, Howe P, 'RESVERATROL BENEFITS BONE HEALTH IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN - OUTCOMES OF THE TWO-YEAR RESHAW TRIAL', OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL (2020) | ||||||
2017 | Hill AM, Zahradka P, Coates AM, Howe PRC, Taylor CG, Buckley JD, 'A 12-week Randomised Controlled Trial to Evaluate Effects of Dietary Pulse Consumption on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors', FASEB JOURNAL, Chicago, IL (2017) | ||||||
2015 |
Wong RHX, Jnasen L, Nealon R, Garg ML, Howe PRC, 'A PILOT INVESTIGATION OF CEREBROVASCULAR RESPONSIVENESS TO A NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST BATTERY IN ADULTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS', HYPERTENSION, Adelaide, AUSTRALIA (2015) [E3]
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2015 | Wong RHX, Nealon R, Scholey A, Howe PRC, 'Dose response effect of resveratrol on cerebrovascular function in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus', Proceedings of the 2015 Resveratrol Regional Meeting Dijon France, Dijon, France (2015) [E3] | ||||||
2015 | Wong RHX, Nealon R, Scholey A, Howe PRC, 'Resveratrol consumption improves cerebrovascular function in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)', Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of Australia, Wellington, New Zealand (2015) [E3] | ||||||
2015 | Barbour JA, Stojanovski E, Moran LJ, Howe PRC, Coates AM, 'Effect of adding peanuts to the diet on snacking behaviour and total energy intake', Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of Australia, Wellington, New Zealand (2015) [E3] | ||||||
2015 |
Fulton AS, Coates AM, Williams MT, Howe PRC, Frith PA, Wood LG, et al., 'Feasibility of a randomised controlled trial of fish oil supplementation in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of Australia, Wellington, New Zealand (2015) [E3]
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2015 |
Nealon R, Howe PRC, Jansen L, Garg ML, Wong RHX, 'Impaired cerebrovascular responsiveness to a working memory task in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)', Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of Australia, Wellington, New Zealand (2015) [E3]
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2015 | Watson N, Dyer K, Buckley J, Brinkworth G, Coates A, Parfitt G, et al., 'Low-Fat Diets Differing in Protein and Carbohydrate Content on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes', FASEB JOURNAL (2015) [E3] | ||||||
2015 | Watson N, Dyer K, Buckley J, Brinkworth G, Coates A, Parfitt G, et al., 'Psychological wellbeing in adults with type 2 diabetes following weight loss and weight maintenance', Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of Australia, Wellington, New Zealand (2015) [E3] | ||||||
2015 | Howe PRC, 'Benefits of Omega-3: Heart health and beyond', Blackmores Institute Symposium 2015 Workbook, Melbourne, Australia (2015) [E3] | ||||||
2015 | Howe PRC, 'Rapid Research Highlights: Boosting Circulation in the Brain', Blackmores Institute Symposium 2015 Workbook, Melbourne, Australia (2015) [E3] | ||||||
2015 | evans H, wong R, Howe PRC, 'Is cognitive impairment in post-menopausal women attributable to poor cerebral perfusion? Baseline results of the ResFem Study', Book of Abstracts, Wellington, New Zealand (2015) [E3] | ||||||
2015 |
Wong RHX, Nealon R, Jansen L, Garg M, Howe PRC, 'Cerebrovascular responsiveness to cognitive stimuli in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus', Combined Abstracts of the 2015 Australian Psychology Conferences, Port Stephens, Australia (2015) [E3]
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2015 | Howe PRC, 'Understanding Olive Oil - Health Claims and Health Benefits', Conference Program, Sunbury, Victoria (2015) [E3] | ||||||
2015 | Coates AM, Fitzsimmons TR, Chee B, Park B, Howe PRC, Kapellas K, et al., 'Is fish oil effective as an adjunct therapy for non-surgical treatment of periodontitis?', Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of Australia, Wellington, New Zealand (2015) [E3] | ||||||
2015 | Howe PRC, 'Bioactive Dietary Polyphenols - Cardiometabolic and Cognitive Outcomes', Yes, Tours, France (2015) [E3] | ||||||
2014 | Fulton A, Hill A, Williams M, Howe P, Coates A, 'OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS AND COPD: HOW HAS CITING A RETRACTED RCT IMPACTED THE LITERATURE?', RESPIROLOGY (2014) | ||||||
2014 | Coates AM, Cai S, Burres L, Berry NM, Buckley JD, Beltrame J, et al., 'Relationship between erythrocyte content of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and depression in patients with ischemic heart disease or heart failure.', Poster abstracts (ISSFAL) 2014 Congress, Stockholm, Sweden (2014) [E3] | ||||||
2014 | Fan C, Georgiou KR, McKinnon RA, Keefe DM, Howe PR, Xian CJ, 'ADVERSE EFFECTS OF COMBINATION BREAST CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY ON BONE AND BONE MARROW', OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL, Taipei, TAIWAN (2014) [E3] | ||||||
2014 | Howe PRC, 'Circulatory effects of bioactive nutrients deliver cardio-metabolic and cognitive benefits', Nutrients, Phuket, Thailand (2014) [E3] | ||||||
2014 | Barbour J, Howe PRC, Buckley J, Bryan J, Coates A, 'Consuming Hi-oleic peanuts for 12 weeks can increase energy intake without change in body composition', Book of abstracts, Adelaide (2014) [E3] | ||||||
2014 | Olds T, Samaras M, Coates A, Hills A, Walkley J, Howe P, Tsiros M, 'The Relationship Between Use of Time and Health-Related Quality of Life in Australian Children and Adolescents', JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH, Toronto, CANADA (2014) | ||||||
2013 | Coates A, Barbour J, Buckley J, Bryan J, Howe P, 'Hi-Oleic peanut preload lowers energy intake and energy density of a subsequent meal', FASEB JOURNAL, Boston, MA (2013) [E3] | ||||||
2013 | Barbour JA, Howe PRC, Buckley JD, Bryan J, Coates AM, 'Effect of peanut consumption on satiety and energy intake', FASEB JOURNAL, Boston, MA (2013) [E3] | ||||||
Show 66 more conferences |
Grants and Funding
Summary
Number of grants | 65 |
---|---|
Total funding | $15,310,015 |
Click on a grant title below to expand the full details for that specific grant.
20202 grants / $50,000
Can resveratrol supplementation mitigate menstrual migraine? (Resformm Study)$30,000
Funding body: Evolva SA
Funding body | Evolva SA |
---|---|
Project Team | Emeritus Professor Peter Howe, Professor Lyn Griffiths, Miss Jemima Dzator, Doctor Rachel Wong, Miss Jemima Dzator |
Scheme | Research Project |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2020 |
Funding Finish | 2020 |
GNo | G2000006 |
Type Of Funding | C3400 – International For Profit |
Category | 3400 |
UON | Y |
Assessment of cognitive function and cerebral blood flow in patients undergoing aortic valve intervention $20,000
Funding body: John Hunter Hospital Charitable Trust
Funding body | John Hunter Hospital Charitable Trust |
---|---|
Project Team | Emeritus Professor Peter Howe, Dr Nick Collins, Doctor Rachel Wong |
Scheme | Research Grant |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2020 |
Funding Finish | 2021 |
GNo | G2001120 |
Type Of Funding | C3200 – Aust Not-for Profit |
Category | 3200 |
UON | Y |
20181 grants / $10,000
Assessment of neurovascular function and cognition in adult patients with complex congenital heart disease$10,000
Funding body: John Hunter Hospital Charitable Trust
Funding body | John Hunter Hospital Charitable Trust |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr Nick Collins, Doctor Rachel Wong, Emeritus Professor Peter Howe, Professor Neil Spratt, Professor Andrew Boyle, Conjoint Professor Chris Levi |
Scheme | Research Grant |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2018 |
Funding Finish | 2018 |
GNo | G1800454 |
Type Of Funding | C3200 – Aust Not-for Profit |
Category | 3200 |
UON | Y |
20172 grants / $45,000
Relationships between cerebrovascular function and the incidence and severity of migraine in premenopausal women and the potential impact of trans-resveratrol, acutely and chronically, on menstrual mi$25,000
Funding body: Hunter Medical Research Institute
Funding body | Hunter Medical Research Institute |
---|---|
Project Team | Emeritus Professor Peter Howe, Doctor Rachel Wong, Professor Lyn Griffiths |
Scheme | Project Grant |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2017 |
Funding Finish | 2017 |
GNo | G1701565 |
Type Of Funding | C3300 – Aust Philanthropy |
Category | 3300 |
UON | Y |
Prevention of type-1 diabetes induced neurocognitive deficits by modulating the plasticity of cerebrovascular function: a pilot$20,000
Funding body: Hunter Medical Research Institute
Funding body | Hunter Medical Research Institute |
---|---|
Project Team | Doctor Rachel Wong, Emeritus Professor Peter Howe, Dr Ryu Takechi, Dr Matthew Albrecht |
Scheme | Project Grant |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2017 |
Funding Finish | 2017 |
GNo | G1701579 |
Type Of Funding | C3300 – Aust Philanthropy |
Category | 3300 |
UON | Y |
20163 grants / $330,126
Cardiometabolic and cognitive benefits of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and curcumin supplementation in older, sedentary and overweight Australians$218,182
Funding body: Blackmores Limited
Funding body | Blackmores Limited |
---|---|
Project Team | Emeritus Professor Peter Howe, Doctor Rachel Wong |
Scheme | Research Project |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2016 |
Funding Finish | 2017 |
GNo | G1501152 |
Type Of Funding | C3100 – Aust For Profit |
Category | 3100 |
UON | Y |
Resveratrol to promote healthy ageing in postmenopausal women$96,000
Funding body: Evolva SA
Funding body | Evolva SA |
---|---|
Project Team | Emeritus Professor Peter Howe, Doctor Rachel Wong |
Scheme | Research Project |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2016 |
Funding Finish | 2017 |
GNo | G1600602 |
Type Of Funding | C3400 – International For Profit |
Category | 3400 |
UON | Y |
Assisting post-menopausal women towards healthy ageing – can resveratrol enhance mood, physical function and cerebrovascular function and counteract cognitive decline?$15,944
Funding body: DSM Nutritional Products AG
Funding body | DSM Nutritional Products AG |
---|---|
Project Team | Emeritus Professor Peter Howe, Doctor Rachel Wong |
Scheme | Research Project |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2016 |
Funding Finish | 2016 |
GNo | G1600385 |
Type Of Funding | International - Non Competitive |
Category | 3IFB |
UON | Y |
20151 grants / $35,000
Effects of long-chain Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCn-3PUFA) supplementation on cerebral circulation and cognitive function$35,000
Funding body: Westfund Health
Funding body | Westfund Health |
---|---|
Project Team | Emeritus Professor Peter Howe, Doctor Rachel Wong |
Scheme | Research Grant |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2015 |
Funding Finish | 2016 |
GNo | G1500894 |
Type Of Funding | C3100 – Aust For Profit |
Category | 3100 |
UON | Y |
20144 grants / $147,347
Pork consumption and serum irisin levels in type 2 diabetes$50,300
Funding body: CRC for High Integrity Australian Pork
Funding body | CRC for High Integrity Australian Pork |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof MANOHAR Garg, Emeritus Professor Peter Howe, Doctor Rachel Wong |
Scheme | Innovative Research |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2014 |
Funding Finish | 2015 |
GNo | G1400612 |
Type Of Funding | Other Public Sector - Commonwealth |
Category | 2OPC |
UON | Y |
Dose response evaluation of resveratrol supplementation on cerebrovascular function, mood and cognitive performance in type 2 diabetes mellitus$45,000
Funding body: NHMRC (National Health & Medical Research Council)
Funding body | NHMRC (National Health & Medical Research Council) |
---|---|
Project Team | Emeritus Professor Peter Howe, Doctor Rachel Wong, Professor Andrew Scholey |
Scheme | Dementia Collaborative Research Centres (DCRC) |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2014 |
Funding Finish | 2014 |
GNo | G1400899 |
Type Of Funding | Other Public Sector - Commonwealth |
Category | 2OPC |
UON | Y |
Dose response evaluation of resveratrol supplementation on cerebrovascular function, mood and cognitive performance in type 2 diabetes mellitus$27,047
Funding body: DSM Nutritional Products AG
Funding body | DSM Nutritional Products AG |
---|---|
Project Team | Emeritus Professor Peter Howe, Doctor Rachel Wong, Prof MANOHAR Garg, Professor Andrew Scholey |
Scheme | Research Project |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2014 |
Funding Finish | 2014 |
GNo | G1400950 |
Type Of Funding | International - Non Competitive |
Category | 3IFB |
UON | Y |
Assisting post-menopausal women towards healthy ageing - can resveratrol enhance mood and counteract cognitive decline?$25,000
Funding body: Hunter Medical Research Institute
Funding body | Hunter Medical Research Institute |
---|---|
Project Team | Emeritus Professor Peter Howe, Doctor Rachel Wong, Professor Andrew Scholey |
Scheme | Project Grant |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2014 |
Funding Finish | 2014 |
GNo | G1401413 |
Type Of Funding | Grant - Aust Non Government |
Category | 3AFG |
UON | Y |
20133 grants / $290,000
Clinical evaluation of a novel olive leaf formulation for heart health$165,000
Funding body: Newcastle Innovation
Funding body | Newcastle Innovation |
---|---|
Project Team | Emeritus Professor Peter Howe, Prof MANOHAR Garg, Doctor Rachel Wong, Professor Lisa Wood |
Scheme | Administered Research |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2013 |
Funding Finish | 2014 |
GNo | G1401244 |
Type Of Funding | Internal |
Category | INTE |
UON | Y |
Towards a fish oil-based omega-3 therapy for preventing bone loss during chronic methotrexate chemotherapy$75,000
Funding body: Channel 7 Children's Research Fund
Funding body | Channel 7 Children's Research Fund |
---|---|
Project Team | Cory Xian |
Scheme | Research Grant |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2013 |
Funding Finish | 2013 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Grant - Aust Non Government |
Category | 3AFG |
UON | N |
Lipemic Index of Pork$50,000
Funding body: CRC for High Integrity Australian Pork
Funding body | CRC for High Integrity Australian Pork |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof MANOHAR Garg, Professor Lisa Wood, Emeritus Professor Peter Howe |
Scheme | Innovative Research |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2013 |
Funding Finish | 2013 |
GNo | G1201031 |
Type Of Funding | Other Public Sector - Commonwealth |
Category | 2OPC |
UON | Y |
20122 grants / $373,875
Effect of pork consumption on cardiometabolic health, food cravings, cognition and psychological wellbeing in individuals with type 2 diabetes. $358,875
Funding body: CRC Pork
Funding body | CRC Pork |
---|---|
Project Team | . |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2012 |
Funding Finish | 2013 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Grant - Aust Non Government |
Category | 3AFG |
UON | N |
Volunteer’s attitudes towards consumption of fresh Australian pork $15,000
Funding body: CRC Pork
Funding body | CRC Pork |
---|---|
Project Team | . |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2012 |
Funding Finish | 2013 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Grant - Aust Non Government |
Category | 3AFG |
UON | N |
20114 grants / $316,000
iWhyalla (Intervention Whyalla): a workplace-based obesity and diabetes primary and secondary prevention trial$100,000
Funding body: Department of Health and Aged Care
Funding body | Department of Health and Aged Care |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr Matt Haren |
Scheme | University Department of Rural Health Scheme research grant |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2011 |
Funding Finish | 2013 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Internal |
Category | INTE |
UON | N |
Pulse-rich foods for cognitive function and cardiometabolic health$100,000
Funding body: Grains Research and Development Corporation
Funding body | Grains Research and Development Corporation |
---|---|
Project Team | A/Prof Jon Buckley |
Scheme | Research Grant |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2011 |
Funding Finish | 2012 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Aust Competitive - Commonwealth |
Category | 1CS |
UON | N |
Lutein-enriched milk and physical activity participation in older adults$61,000
Funding body: Meiji Dairies
Funding body | Meiji Dairies |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PRC Howe |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2011 |
Funding Finish | 2013 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | International - Non Competitive |
Category | 3IFB |
UON | N |
Effectiveness of cycloid vibration therapy for promoting exercise recovery$55,000
Funding body: Advanced Lifestyle International
Funding body | Advanced Lifestyle International |
---|---|
Project Team | A/Prof Jon Buckley |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2011 |
Funding Finish | 2011 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Grant - Aust Non Government |
Category | 3AFG |
UON | N |
20105 grants / $1,022,031
Pathophysiology and alternative preventative strategy for breast cancer chemotherapy-induced bone loss$521,706
Funding body: NHMRC (National Health & Medical Research Council)
Funding body | NHMRC (National Health & Medical Research Council) |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof Cory Xian |
Scheme | Project Grant |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2010 |
Funding Finish | 2015 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Aust Competitive - Commonwealth |
Category | 1CS |
UON | N |
Effects of omega-3 fatty acids and micronutrients on learning and behaviour of Indigenous Australian children from a remote community school$320,325
Funding body: ARC (Australian Research Council)
Funding body | ARC (Australian Research Council) |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr Natalie Sinn |
Scheme | Linkage Projects |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2010 |
Funding Finish | 2011 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Aust Competitive - Commonwealth |
Category | 1CS |
UON | N |
Evaluation of peanuts as a source of bioactive nutrients for enhancement of endothelial function and cognitive performance$110,000
Funding body: ARC (Australian Research Council)
Funding body | ARC (Australian Research Council) |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr Alison M Coates |
Scheme | Linkage Projects |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2010 |
Funding Finish | 2013 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Aust Competitive - Commonwealth |
Category | 1CS |
UON | N |
Nutrient therapies for preserving bone growth and preventing chemotherapy-induced bone loss in early development.$65,000
Funding body: Channel 7 Children's Research Foundation
Funding body | Channel 7 Children's Research Foundation |
---|---|
Project Team | Cory Xian |
Scheme | Research Grant |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2010 |
Funding Finish | 2010 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Grant - Aust Non Government |
Category | 3AFG |
UON | N |
Bioactive nutrients in peanuts$5,000
Funding body: University of South Australia
Funding body | University of South Australia |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr Alison M Coates |
Scheme | UniSA Linkage Project Development Incentive Grant: |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2010 |
Funding Finish | 2013 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Internal |
Category | INTE |
UON | N |
20095 grants / $2,216,646
Capturing the therapeutic value of dairy bioactives$2,035,000
Funding body: The Government of Victoria
Funding body | The Government of Victoria |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr Rebecca Thomson |
Scheme | Victoria's Science Agenda Investment Fund |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2009 |
Funding Finish | 2010 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Other Public Sector - State |
Category | 2OPS |
UON | N |
Acute effects of Resvida on circulatory function$65,000
Funding body: DSM Nutritional Products
Funding body | DSM Nutritional Products |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2009 |
Funding Finish | 2009 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | International - Non Competitive |
Category | 3IFB |
UON | N |
Protective effects of antidote folinic acid in methotrexate chemotherapy induced bone growth defects$65,000
Funding body: Channel 7 Children's Research Foundation of South Australia
Funding body | Channel 7 Children's Research Foundation of South Australia |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof Cory Xian |
Scheme | Project Grant |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2009 |
Funding Finish | 2009 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Grant - Aust Non Government |
Category | 3AFG |
UON | N |
Chronic effects of Resvida on circulatory function$27,000
Funding body: DSM Nutritional Products
Funding body | DSM Nutritional Products |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2009 |
Funding Finish | 2009 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | International - Non Competitive |
Category | 3IFB |
UON | N |
The effect of regular consumption of pork on body composition. $24,646
Funding body: CRC Pork
Funding body | CRC Pork |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr Karen Murphy |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2009 |
Funding Finish | 2010 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | CRC - Cooperative Research Centre |
Category | 4CRC |
UON | N |
20083 grants / $860,000
Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for symptoms of depression in cardiovascular disease$465,000
Funding body: National Heart Foundation of Australia
Funding body | National Heart Foundation of Australia |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr Geoffrey Schrader |
Scheme | Strategic Research Program |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2008 |
Funding Finish | 2009 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Grant - Aust Non Government |
Category | 3AFG |
UON | N |
Metabolic health benefits of low fat dairy products $300,000
Funding body: Department of Further Education, Employment, Science and Technology SA & Manitoba Govt
Funding body | Department of Further Education, Employment, Science and Technology SA & Manitoba Govt |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2008 |
Funding Finish | 2011 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Other Public Sector - State |
Category | 2OPS |
UON | N |
Effects of Neuravena® on cerebral blood flow & cognitive performance$95,000
Funding body: Frutarom Switzerland Ltd
Funding body | Frutarom Switzerland Ltd |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr. Janet Bryan |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2008 |
Funding Finish | 2009 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | International - Non Competitive |
Category | 3IFB |
UON | N |
20075 grants / $2,498,000
Building a fit and healthy South Australia$1,318,000
Funding body: The Government of South Australia
Funding body | The Government of South Australia |
---|---|
Project Team | Robyn McDermott |
Scheme | South Australian Premier’s Science and Research Fund |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2007 |
Funding Finish | 2010 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Other Public Sector - State |
Category | 2OPS |
UON | N |
Dairy Proteins: Effects on athletic performance and recovery$417,000
Funding body: MG Nutritionals Pty Ltd.
Funding body | MG Nutritionals Pty Ltd. |
---|---|
Project Team | A/Prof Jon Buckley |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2007 |
Funding Finish | 2009 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Grant - Aust Non Government |
Category | 3AFG |
UON | N |
Cognitive and behavioural benefits of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation across the lifespan$381,000
Funding body: ARC (Australian Research Council)
Funding body | ARC (Australian Research Council) |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | Linkage Projects |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2007 |
Funding Finish | 2010 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Aust Competitive - Commonwealth |
Category | 1CS |
UON | N |
Fresh pork and cardiometabolic health $318,000
Funding body: CRC Pork
Funding body | CRC Pork |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2007 |
Funding Finish | 2007 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | CRC - Cooperative Research Centre |
Category | 4CRC |
UON | N |
Improving erythrocyte omega-3 fatty acid profiles and health status in adults through increased consumption of canned tuna$64,000
Funding body: Seafood CRC/Simplot Australia
Funding body | Seafood CRC/Simplot Australia |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr Mario Klingler |
Scheme | CRC Research |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2007 |
Funding Finish | 2008 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | CRC - Cooperative Research Centre |
Category | 4CRC |
UON | N |
20064 grants / $523,200
Cardiovascular effects of cocoa$368,000
Funding body: Effem Foods Pty Ltd
Funding body | Effem Foods Pty Ltd |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | Food Innovation Grant |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2006 |
Funding Finish | 2006 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | International - Non Competitive |
Category | 3IFB |
UON | N |
Nutrients and muscle damage$80,200
Funding body: Murray Goulburn Co-op
Funding body | Murray Goulburn Co-op |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PRC Howe |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2006 |
Funding Finish | 2006 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Grant - Aust Non Government |
Category | 3AFG |
UON | N |
Grape Seed Polyphenols$50,000
Funding body: BioInnovation SA
Funding body | BioInnovation SA |
---|---|
Project Team | . |
Scheme | BioARC Grant |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2006 |
Funding Finish | 2006 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Other Public Sector - State |
Category | 2OPS |
UON | N |
Effects of green tea on blood glucose$25,000
Funding body: DSM Nutritional Products
Funding body | DSM Nutritional Products |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2006 |
Funding Finish | 2006 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | International - Non Competitive |
Category | 3IFB |
UON | N |
20059 grants / $2,864,050
Australian Centre for Metabolic Fitness$1,950,000
Funding body: Australian Technology Network
Funding body | Australian Technology Network |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | Australian Technology Network (ATN) Research Challenge |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2005 |
Funding Finish | 2006 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Grant - Aust Non Government |
Category | 3AFG |
UON | N |
Development and application of an index for substantiating health benefits of omega-3 enriched foods$401,100
Funding body: ARC (Australian Research Council)
Funding body | ARC (Australian Research Council) |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | Linkage Projects |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2005 |
Funding Finish | 2006 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Aust Competitive - Commonwealth |
Category | 1CS |
UON | N |
Effects of green tea on body composition$215,000
Funding body: DSM Nutritional Products
Funding body | DSM Nutritional Products |
---|---|
Project Team | Alison M Hill |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2005 |
Funding Finish | 2006 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | International - Non Competitive |
Category | 3IFB |
UON | N |
Health benefits of cocoa polyphenols and exercise$105,000
Funding body: Effem Foods Pty Ltd
Funding body | Effem Foods Pty Ltd |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PRC Howe |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2005 |
Funding Finish | 2005 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | International - Non Competitive |
Category | 3IFB |
UON | N |
Effect of vespa amino acid mixture on fat oxidation during exercise$73,000
Funding body: Meiji Dairies
Funding body | Meiji Dairies |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PRC Howe |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2005 |
Funding Finish | 2005 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | International - Non Competitive |
Category | 3IFB |
UON | N |
Antiinflammatory and wound healing properties of emu oil$49,950
Funding body: Technology Investment Company
Funding body | Technology Investment Company |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof Tony Ferrante |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2005 |
Funding Finish | 2005 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Grant - Aust Non Government |
Category | 3AFG |
UON | N |
Effects of cocoa and whey protein supplements on blood pressure$35,000
Funding body: Effem Foods Pty Ltd
Funding body | Effem Foods Pty Ltd |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PRC Howe |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2005 |
Funding Finish | 2005 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | International - Non Competitive |
Category | 3IFB |
UON | N |
Glycaemic index of waxy barley products$20,000
Funding body: Grains Research and Development Corporation
Funding body | Grains Research and Development Corporation |
---|---|
Project Team | . |
Scheme | Research Grant |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2005 |
Funding Finish | 2005 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Aust Competitive - Commonwealth |
Category | 1CS |
UON | N |
Impact of dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), a novel cardiovascular risk factor$15,000
Funding body: University of South Australia
Funding body | University of South Australia |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr Alison Morris |
Scheme | UniSA Australian Competitive Grant (ACG) Development Scheme |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2005 |
Funding Finish | 2005 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Internal |
Category | INTE |
UON | N |
20045 grants / $114,500
Development and Application of an Omega-3 Index$50,000
Funding body: Bartlett Grain
Funding body | Bartlett Grain |
---|---|
Project Team | . |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2004 |
Funding Finish | 2006 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Grant - Aust Non Government |
Category | 3AFG |
UON | N |
Health benefits of cocoa polyphenols and exercise $25,000
Funding body: University of South Australia
Funding body | University of South Australia |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | ARC Near Miss Grant Scheme |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2004 |
Funding Finish | 2004 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Internal |
Category | INTE |
UON | N |
Effect of novel nutrient on glycaemic index $22,000
Funding body: Wacker Chemie GmbH
Funding body | Wacker Chemie GmbH |
---|---|
Project Team | A/Prof Jon Buckley |
Scheme | Funds granted |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2004 |
Funding Finish | 2004 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | International - Non Competitive |
Category | 3IFB |
UON | N |
Prenatal alcohol and cardiovascular risk $10,000
Funding body: University of Adelaide
Funding body | University of Adelaide |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | NHMRC Near Miss Grant Scheme |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2004 |
Funding Finish | 2004 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Internal |
Category | INTE |
UON | N |
APAI proposal and project proposal$7,500
Funding body: University of South Australia
Funding body | University of South Australia |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | UniSA Linkage Project Incentive Scheme |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2004 |
Funding Finish | 2004 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Internal |
Category | INTE |
UON | N |
20031 grants / $283,000
Development and nutritional evaluation of novel foods based on a unique combination of soy and dairy products.$283,000
Funding body: ARC (Australian Research Council)
Funding body | ARC (Australian Research Council) |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr BJ Meyer |
Scheme | Linkage Projects |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2003 |
Funding Finish | 2006 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Aust Competitive - Commonwealth |
Category | 1CS |
UON | N |
20024 grants / $1,496,000
Development and evaulation of novel foods enriched with very long chain omega-3 fatty acids$616,000
Funding body: ARC (Australian Research Council)
Funding body | ARC (Australian Research Council) |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | Linkage Projects |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2002 |
Funding Finish | 2004 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Aust Competitive - Commonwealth |
Category | 1CS |
UON | N |
Smart Foods$368,000
Funding body: ARC (Australian Research Council)
Funding body | ARC (Australian Research Council) |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | ARC Centres of Excellence |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2002 |
Funding Finish | 2006 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Aust Competitive - Commonwealth |
Category | 1CS |
UON | N |
Human Physiology & Nutrition Research Facility for assessment of metabolic status and vascular function$270,000
Funding body: ARC (Australian Research Council)
Funding body | ARC (Australian Research Council) |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | Linkage Infrastructure Equipment & Facilities (LIEF) |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2002 |
Funding Finish | 2002 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Aust Competitive - Commonwealth |
Category | 1CS |
UON | N |
Development of novel omega-3 enriched poultry products$242,000
Funding body: ARC (Australian Research Council)
Funding body | ARC (Australian Research Council) |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | Linkage Projects |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2002 |
Funding Finish | 2003 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Aust Competitive - Commonwealth |
Category | 1CS |
UON | N |
20001 grants / $78,240
Smart Foods for an aging populations$78,240
Funding body: ARC (Australian Research Council)
Funding body | ARC (Australian Research Council) |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr LB Astheimer |
Scheme | Strategic Partnerships with Industry - Research and Training Scheme |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2000 |
Funding Finish | 2002 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Not Known |
Category | UNKN |
UON | N |
19991 grants / $1,757,000
Smart Foods$1,757,000
Funding body: ARC (Australian Research Council)
Funding body | ARC (Australian Research Council) |
---|---|
Project Team | Prof PR Howe |
Scheme | ARC Centres of Excellence |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 1999 |
Funding Finish | 2001 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Aust Competitive - Commonwealth |
Category | 1CS |
UON | N |
Research Supervision
Number of supervisions
Current Supervision
Commenced | Level of Study | Research Title | Program | Supervisor Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
2012 | Honours | Systemic and cerebral vasodilator function in sedentary adults | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2012 | Honours | Heart rate response to exercise as an index of cardiovascular health | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2012 | Honours | Effect of perceptually-regulated exercise training on endothelial function and exercise motivation | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2012 | Honours | Tracking Training Status in Competitive Cyclists using Heart Rate Parameters | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2012 | PhD | Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation as adjunct therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2011 | PhD | Evaluation of peanuts for enhancement of endothelial function and cognitive performance | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2010 | PhD | Acute and chronic effects of vasoactive nutrients on cardiovascular biomarkers and cognitive function | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2010 | PhD | Protective effects of fish oil, genistein or combination on bone in MTX chemotherapy rat models. | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2007 | PhD | Whey protein supplementation: Effects on muscle hypertrophy, athletic performance and recovery | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
Past Supervision
Year | Level of Study | Research Title | Program | Supervisor Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
2023 | PhD | Can Resveratrol Supplementation Mitigate Hormonal Migraine? | PhD (Human Physiology), College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle | Co-Supervisor |
2021 | PhD | The Role of Resveratrol in Promoting Healthy Ageing in Women | PhD (Human Physiology), College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle | Co-Supervisor |
2021 | PhD | Counteracting Premature Cognitive Decline with Vasoactive Nutrient Supplementation | PhD (Human Physiology), College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle | Principal Supervisor |
2011 | Honours | Heart rate assessment of fatigue status following an intensive 2 week exercise intervention | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2010 | PhD | Investigation of the cognitive and behavioural benefits n-3 PUFA supplementation across the lifespan | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2010 | Honours | Efficacy of cycloid vibration therapy for promoting exercise recovery | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2010 | PhD | Obesity - the new disability? | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2010 | Honours | Developing an index of physiological recovery following exercise | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2010 | Honours | Relationshipsbetween endothelial dysfunction in cerebral and peripheral arteries | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2009 | Honours | Acute effects of resveratrol on circulatory function | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2008 | Honours | Effect of endothelial vasodilator function on blood pressure response to exercise | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2008 | Masters | Effect of dietary Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on experimental periodontitis in the mouse. | Dentistry, University of Adelaide | Co-Supervisor |
2008 | PhD | Combined effect of cocoa polyphenols and regular exercise on body composition and cardiovascular risk. | Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide | Co-Supervisor |
2008 | PhD | Dietary combinations capable of lowering cardiovascular risk factors | Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong | Co-Supervisor |
2008 | PhD | Managing Obesity and Associated Health Issues - A Community-based Program for Change | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2008 | Honours | Inflammatory markers in metabolic syndrome | Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide | Co-Supervisor |
2007 | PhD | Evaluation of health benefits of soy isoflavones | Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide | Co-Supervisor |
2006 | Honours | Cognitive Behavioural Therapy to Treat Overweight and Obesity in Adolescents | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2006 | Honours | Development and application of an index for substantiating health benefits of omega-3 enriched foods | Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide | Co-Supervisor |
2006 | Honours | Health benefits associated with eating pork enriched with omega-3 fatty acids | Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide | Co-Supervisor |
2006 | PhD | Diet And Exercise Interventions To Improve Cardiovascular Health | Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide | Co-Supervisor |
2005 | Honours | Evaluation of anti-inflammatory properties of emu oil in humans. | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2004 | Honours | Effects of omega-3 supplementation on endurance performance in elite athletes | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2004 | PhD | Predictors of recovery from depression | Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong | Co-Supervisor |
2004 | Honours | Pulsetrace Assessment of Vascular Function During Exercise | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2004 | Honours | Effect of Exercise and Omega-3 Supplementation on Immune responses in the Metabolic Syndrome | Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide | Co-Supervisor |
2003 | Honours | The Potential of Lyprinol as a Preventative Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease | Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide | Co-Supervisor |
2003 | Honours | Digital volume pulse oximetery: a reliable assessor of endothelial function and arterial compliance? | Biological Sciences, University of South Australia | Co-Supervisor |
2002 | PhD | Dietary fish oil supplementation alters rate pressure product in trained cyclists | Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong | Co-Supervisor |
News
News • 12 Mar 2019
Brain blood flow and menstrual migraine: is there a link?
Poor blood vessel function, which has been linked with cardiovascular diseases such as stroke and heart disease, may also be implicated in migraine, researchers at the University of Newcastle and the Hunter Medical Research Institute say.
News • 14 Jan 2019
Blood sugar and brain health: how diabetes impacts the brain
Spikes and dips in blood sugar levels experienced in the daily management of diabetes can undermine mental abilities such as memory and attention span.
News • 17 May 2017
Trial looking to spice up the brain benefits of fish oil
A nutritional study at the University of Newcastle (UON) will test for the first time whether the spice curcumin, taken in combination with fish oil, can further boost blood flow in the brain and enhance cognitive performance.
News • 15 Mar 2016
Fish oil study for blood pressure and brain performance
Adults with slightly elevated blood pressure are wanted for a University of Newcastle (UON) clinical trial evaluating the benefits of taking a fish oil supplement for brain health.
News • 27 Apr 2015
Study aims to ease menopausal symptoms
Can the health supplement resveratrol curb the notorious hot flushes, insomnia, irritability and occasional mental lapses that often accompany menopause?
News • 8 Jan 2015
Diabetes study testing nutritional approach to delay cognitive decline
Researchers in the Clinical Nutrition Research Centre at the University of Newcastle are seeking people with type 2 diabetes to take a new nutritional supplement designed to stimulate blood flow in the brain and reduce the threat of mental impairment.
News • 19 Jul 2013
Are fish oil supplements putting you at risk of prostate cancer?
By Peter Howe, Director of the Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, University of Newcastle
A report published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute late last week shows a potential link between omega-3 fatty acids and the risk of developing prostate cancer.
Emeritus Professor Peter Howe
Position
Emeritus Professor
Convenor, Clinical Nutrition Research Centre
School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy
College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing
Focus area
Nutrition and Dietetics
Contact Details
peter.howe@newcastle.edu.au | |
Mobile | 0402 159 039 |
Office
Room | MS 122A |
---|---|
Building | Medical Sciences Building |
Location | Callaghan University Drive Callaghan, NSW 2308 Australia |