Dr Fred Chao
Senior Lecturer
Newcastle Business School
- Email:fred.chao@newcastle.edu.au
- Phone:(02) 4921 6389
Career Summary
Biography
Fred is a Senior Lecturer in Marketing at the Newcastle Business School. Prior to joining the University of Newcastle, Fred was an assistant lecturer at the Department of Marketing at Monash University. Fred’s research interests focus on the areas of consumer behaviour, new product development, product innovation management and marketing research. Fred’s publications appear in several high quality journals including Asia Pacific Journal of Marleting and Logistice, Australasian Marketing Journal, European Journal of Marketing...etc. He is a editorial board member of Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics.
Research Expertise
Fred’s research interest is primarily focused on understanding the influence of consumer innovativeness on new product adoption across various product categories, services and cultures. The importance of such research enables companies addressing innovative consumers and knowing how to deal with this key segment, thus minimizes the failure rate of product innovations. He is currently engaged in a cross cultural study about drivers of consumer acceptance of novel new services. He has published in various good quality journals including Australasian Marketing Journal, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, European Journal of Marketing, Australian Journal of Public Administration, Journal of Strategic Marketing and Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management. Fred is a member of Editorial Advisory Board of Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics.
Teaching Expertise
Have teaching expertise in Principle of Marketing, Consumer Behaviour, Integrated Marketing Communication, Marketing Research, Customer Decision Making and Behaviour, International Marketing
Administrative Expertise
Bachelor of Business Honours Program convenor at Newcastle Business School, Academic Articulation Student Liaison, Member of Faculty Board, Newcastle International Colleague Liaison, Member of Digital Capability Framework Development Team (2019), Member of Health & Safety Committee at Newcastle Business School (2017-2019).
Collaborations
1. RMIT University - Prof Mike Reid 2. Federation University - Dr. Vaughan Reimers 3. Asia Eastern University of Science and Technology (Taiwan) - Dr. Alice Chuang 4. National Chiao Tung University (Taiwan) - Prof. Anthony Kuo 5. Singapore University of Social Science (Singapore) - Dr. Yu-Chen Hung 6. Douglas College (Canada) - Dr. Li Sun
Qualifications
- Doctor of Philosophy, Monash University
Keywords
- Consumer Behaviour
- Integrated Marketing Communication
- International Marketing
- Marketing Research Method
- New Product Adoption
- Principle of Marketing
- Product Innovation Management
Languages
- Min Nan (Fluent)
- Mandarin (Mother)
Fields of Research
Code | Description | Percentage |
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350608 | Marketing theory | 100 |
Professional Experience
UON Appointment
Title | Organisation / Department |
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Senior Lecturer | University of Newcastle Newcastle Business School Australia |
Academic appointment
Dates | Title | Organisation / Department |
---|---|---|
1/1/2011 - 1/12/2011 | Assistent Lecturer | Monash University Business and Law Australia |
Awards
Recognition
Year | Award |
---|---|
2017 |
Highly Commended paper in the 2017 Emerald Literati Network Awards for Excellence Emerald Publishing |
Publications
For publications that are currently unpublished or in-press, details are shown in italics.
Journal article (17 outputs)
Year | Citation | Altmetrics | Link | ||||||||
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2024 |
Zhang P, Hasan N, Chiong R, Chao CW, 'A systematic literature review on vlog marketing: thematic analysis and future research directions', Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, (2024) [C1] Purpose: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) on vlog marketing. The focus was to analyse the major themes in this field and provide insights ... [more] Purpose: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) on vlog marketing. The focus was to analyse the major themes in this field and provide insights for future research directions. Design/methodology/approach: The authors reviewed a total of 49 peer-reviewed publications that include the search terms ¿vlog¿ or ¿video blog¿ in their titles, keywords and abstracts, retrieved from digital databases Scopus and Web of Science, up to the end of July 2023. Thematic analysis was used to examine and synthesise the articles. Findings: The authors found 19 sub-themes and identified four major themes that emerged from the literature: (1) endorsement outcomes, (2) vlogger characteristics, (3) consumer credibility and (4) vlog content crafting. Originality/value: There are many unanswered questions in the literature, suggesting that vlog marketing research is still in its infancy, and that in-depth further studies are required for a more comprehensive understanding of the field. This study has identified potential avenues for future research that may contribute to the existing body of knowledge and valuable insights on vlog marketing.
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2024 |
Guan S, Chao CW, Tian F, 'Experience intensification to purchase intentions of derivative works in service-intensive industries: An empirical study', Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 79 (2024) [C1] In service-intensive industries, the main product is customer experience. Customer experience may be enhanced through the use of derivative works, a powerful marketing strategy, a... [more] In service-intensive industries, the main product is customer experience. Customer experience may be enhanced through the use of derivative works, a powerful marketing strategy, and experience intensification. The aim of this study is to examine the influence of customer experience on the intention to purchase derivative works and the mediating effect of experience intensification. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data, with 326 valid questionnaires returned. Structural equation modelling was used to test the conceptual model. The results suggest that Schmitt's five strategic experiential modules influence experience intensification and customers' intention to purchase derivative works to different degrees. Additionally, customers with a higher level of experience intensification are more likely to purchase derivative works, and, importantly, intensification strengthens the influence of customer experience on the intention to purchase derivative works. By combining tangible (derivative works) and intangible (customer experience) products and viewing the outcomes of customer experience as a series of responses, ranging from experience intensification to the intention to purchase derivative works, this paper contributes to the consumer experience literature. This study offers insights for managers to enhance the various dimensions of customer experience and optimise derivative work marketing strategies through experience intensification. This study is the first to investigate the role of derivative works in experiential marketing and the mediating role of experience intensification in the relationship between customer experience and purchase intention.
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2023 |
Zhang P, Chao CW, Chiong R, Hasan N, Aljaroodi HM, Tian F, 'Effects of in-store live stream on consumers offline purchase intention', Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 72 (2023) [C1] Live stream marketing through social media has attracted the attention of digital retailing marketers in recent years. However, there is a lack of evidence in understanding the in... [more] Live stream marketing through social media has attracted the attention of digital retailing marketers in recent years. However, there is a lack of evidence in understanding the influence of in-store live stream on offline purchase intentions. This study aimed to investigate the influence patterns of environmental stimuli on consumers' intention to purchase offline/in-store after watching an in-store live stream session. The Stimuli-Organism-Response (SOR) model was employed as the theoretical framework, and a structured questionnaire was used to collect data from individuals who had previous experience with in-store live stream marketing. Structural equation modelling was then applied for data analysis, with a total of 234 valid responses. The findings revealed that environmental stimuli have a significant positive effect on consumers' intentions to make in-store purchases, and the attitudes towards influencers and products substantially mediate the relationship between stimuli and purchase intention. More specifically, consumer attitude towards products has a pronounced effect on whether they will make an in-store purchase. The novelty of this research lies in its investigation of the impact that live stream marketing has on offline or in-store shopping experiences. This contrasts with the majority of existing live stream studies, which focus on consumers¿ online shopping experiences. In addition, this study broadens the scope of the application of the SOR model to contribute to the growing body of literature on live stream marketing.
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2022 |
Chao CW, Hung YC, Sun L, 'Does Consumer Innovativeness Matter in Electrified Vehicle? The Moderation Role of Consumer Involvement', Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 34 298-311 (2022) [C1] Electrified vehicles have become a solution to greenhouse gas emissions. However, the diffusion of this sustainable transportation is slow, and consumer innovativeness is suggeste... [more] Electrified vehicles have become a solution to greenhouse gas emissions. However, the diffusion of this sustainable transportation is slow, and consumer innovativeness is suggested to have a weak predictive power on electrified vehicle adoption. The aim of this study was to understand how consumer innovativeness and involvement may affect customers¿ electrified vehicle purchase behavior. The results indicate that consumer innovativeness has less ability to predict electrified vehicle adoption. This finding offers insights for the formulation of marketing strategies on facilitating electrified vehicle adoption, which should focus on highly involved consumers with a high level of consumer innovativeness. This study highlights the importance of the role of personality traits and supports the proposition that of distinction between consumer innovativeness and involvement. This study focuses on the role of personality traits on consumers¿ actual electrified vehicle adoption behavior rather than purchase intention.
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2020 |
Chao CW, Reid M, Lai P-H, Reimers V, 'Strategic recommendations for new product adoption in the Chinese market', Journal of Strategic Marketing, 28 176-188 (2020) [C1]
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2018 |
Rayner J, Reimers V, Chao C, 'Testing an international measure of public service motivation: Is there really a bright and dark side?', Australian Journal of Public Administration, 77 87-101 (2018) [C1]
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2018 |
Vilches-Montero S, Pandit A, Bravo-Olavarria R, Chih-Wei (Fred) C, 'What loyal women (and men) want: The role of gender and loyalty program characteristics in driving store loyalty', Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 44 64-70 (2018) [C1]
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2018 |
Reimers, Chao C, Speechley, 'Identifying attendance motives for an international league fixture', Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 30 121-138 (2018) [C1]
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2017 |
Reimers V, Magnuson B, Chao F, 'Happiness, altruism and the Prius effect: How do they influence consumer attitudes towards environmentally responsible clothing?', Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 21 115-132 (2017) [C1] © 2017, © Emerald Publishing Limited. Purpose: Academic research and consumer polls often report strong consumer support for environmentally responsible products (ERPs), and yet t... [more] © 2017, © Emerald Publishing Limited. Purpose: Academic research and consumer polls often report strong consumer support for environmentally responsible products (ERPs), and yet the proportion of sales they account for is often comparatively small. The purpose of this paper is to address one of the p urported reasons behind this ¿attitude-behaviour gap¿ by measuring the influence of six relatively untested factors on consumer attitudes towards environmentally responsible clothing (ERC). Design/methodology/approach: This study employed a consumer household sample. It also used a quantitative survey approach to collect its data and structural equation modelling to analyse it. Findings: Of the six factors, four were found to have a significant influence on consumer attitudes: altruism, status enhancement, perceived consumer effectiveness (PCE) and happiness. Originality/value: Altruism, environmental concern, PCE and self-identity have consistently featured in other environmental contexts, but less so in the specific context of ERC. Happiness and status enhancement have yet to appear in any study relating to the purchase of ERPs.
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2017 |
Hung Yu-Chen, Song Liang, Chao C, Guan Chong, 'Love at first sight: the effect of presentation order on evaluation of experiential options in luxury tour package', JOURNAL OF BUSINESS RESEARCH, 81 181-191 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Magnuson B, Reimers V, Chao F, 'Re-visiting an old topic with a new approach: the case of ethical clothing', Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 21 400-418 (2017) [C1]
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2016 |
Reimers V, Chao CW, Gorman S, 'Permission email marketing and its influence on online shopping', Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 28 308-322 (2016) [C1] Purpose ¿ While the internet has emerged as a retail force to be reckoned with, its¿ success is dependent, at least in part, on other promotional tools. One such tool is permissio... [more] Purpose ¿ While the internet has emerged as a retail force to be reckoned with, its¿ success is dependent, at least in part, on other promotional tools. One such tool is permission e-mail marketing (PEM). Operating within the framework of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of PEM on the perceived value derived from internet shopping. Design/methodology/approach ¿ Data were collected through an online survey in Melbourne, Australia. Utilising a sample of 338 consumers, the resulting data were analysed using structural equation modelling. Findings ¿ The results of the study indicate that PEM positively influences the perceived usefulness, ease of use and enjoyment derived from shopping online. Furthermore, it also serves to reduce the perceived risk. PEM serves as an important extension of the TAM, with the findings from this study highlighting not only what the sources of online shopping value are, but also how they can be influenced. Research limitations/implications ¿ The limitation applies to the research context in which the study was carried out ¿ fashion shopping. Practical implications ¿ The study confirms the importance of PEM and highlights to retailers that they have another important tool at their disposal. Originality/value ¿ This study highlights the importance of PEM and support the proposition that its key source of value lies in providing information that the consumer wants. Such relevance is the key of distinction between PEM and SPAM. Despite the rapid growth of internet shopping in Australia, very few online shopping studies have been conducted in an Australian context. This study helps to address such an oversight.
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2016 |
Chao CW, Reid M, Hung YC, 'Vicarious innovativeness or vicarious learning: The role of existing vicarious innovativeness in new product purchase intentions', Australasian Marketing Journal, 24 87-92 (2016) [C1] This paper draws on the consumer innovativeness literature to examine the relationship between existing vicarious innovativeness scale and other forms of consumer innovativeness s... [more] This paper draws on the consumer innovativeness literature to examine the relationship between existing vicarious innovativeness scale and other forms of consumer innovativeness scales and its role on predicting new product purchase intentions in Australia and China. This study found that existing vicarious innovativeness scale is negatively associated with other forms of consumer innovativeness. Contrary to a significant body of academic research, this study demonstrates the ability of the existing vicarious innovativeness scale in predicting new product purchase intentions rather than new product adoption behaviour. The results have important implications by validating the existing vicarious innovativeness scale in a cross-cultural context. The results of this study question the existing vicarious innovativeness scale that it should only be considered as a measurement for vicarious learning. Instead, further research should seek additional sources of both innovators' and imitators' new product information acquisition in order to develop a proper scale to better measure vicarious innovativeness.
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2016 |
Reimers V, Magnuson B, Chao CW, 'The academic conceptualisation of ethical clothing: could it account for the attitude behaviour gap', Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 20 383-399 (2016) [C1]
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2014 |
Reimers V, Chao C, 'The role of convenience in a recreational shopping trip', European Journal of Marketing, 48 2213-2236 (2014) [C1]
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2013 |
Chao C, Reid Mike, Mavondo Felix, 'Global consumer innovativeness and consumer electronic product adoption', Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 25 614-630 (2013) [C1]
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Show 14 more journal articles |
Conference (7 outputs)
Year | Citation | Altmetrics | Link |
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2018 | Chao C, Li S, Hung Y-C, Lau KC, 'Does Consumer Innovativeness Really Matter in Indicating the Adoption of Luxury New Products A Case of Electric Vehicles in Singapore', The Mystique of Luxury Brands Conference 2018, Singapore (2018) | ||
2017 | Chao C, 'Prediction power of existing scales on new product adoption in the Chinese market', Budapest (2017) | ||
2016 | Hung YC, Song L, Chao CW, 'The Effect of Presentation Order on Evaluation of Experiential', Shanghai, China (2016) | ||
Show 4 more conferences |
Grants and Funding
Summary
Number of grants | 11 |
---|---|
Total funding | $88,902 |
Click on a grant title below to expand the full details for that specific grant.
20222 grants / $28,854
Effects of Live Stream Influencer Marketing on Offline Consumer Purchase Intention: A Quantitative Study$14,427
Funding body: Roboworks Pty Ltd
Funding body | Roboworks Pty Ltd |
---|---|
Project Team | Associate Professor Raymond Chiong, Doctor Fred Chao, Miss Peilin Zhang |
Scheme | Scholarship |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2022 |
Funding Finish | 2022 |
GNo | G2200981 |
Type Of Funding | C3100 – Aust For Profit |
Category | 3100 |
UON | Y |
Effects of Live Stream Influencer Marketing on Offline Consumer Purchase Intention: A Quantitative Study$14,427
Funding body: Max On Wines Pty Ltd
Funding body | Max On Wines Pty Ltd |
---|---|
Project Team | Associate Professor Raymond Chiong, Doctor Fred Chao, Miss Peilin Zhang |
Scheme | Scholarship |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2022 |
Funding Finish | 2022 |
GNo | G2200982 |
Type Of Funding | C3100 – Aust For Profit |
Category | 3100 |
UON | Y |
20201 grants / $10,000
Engaging communities with sport events during times of crisis: A case study of Federation University Road National Championships 2021 and COVID-19$10,000
1. What is the community’s sentiment towards the event, given the COVID-19 pandemic?
2. What opportunities and challenges are there to engaging the community with the event?
3. What key learnings can be taken from this case study to inform the sport event scholarship (i.e., areas of sociology and management) in terms of:
• the role of events for communities during times of crisis and recovery; and
• new models for sport event management during times of crisis and recovery.
Funding body: Faculty of Education and Arts, Federation University
Funding body | Faculty of Education and Arts, Federation University |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr Alana Thomson, Mr. osh Ambrosy, Dr. Naomi Smith, Dr. Abdel Halabi, Dr. Vaughan Reimers, Dr. Bryce Magnuson, Dr. Millicent Kennelly, Dr. Richard, Fechner, Dr. Fred Chao |
Scheme | FEA 2016 Strategic Research Initiatives Grant |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2020 |
Funding Finish | 2021 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | External |
Category | EXTE |
UON | N |
20171 grants / $3,740
21st EBES Conference$3,740
Funding body: Faculty of Business and Law, The University of Newcastle
Funding body | Faculty of Business and Law, The University of Newcastle |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr. Fred Chao |
Scheme | Conference funding |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2017 |
Funding Finish | 2017 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Internal |
Category | INTE |
UON | N |
20162 grants / $28,818
Research Incentive Fund - Zayed University, UAE - Consumer innovativeness and new product adoption behaviour: A cross-cultural study$26,000
Funding body: Zayed University
Funding body | Zayed University |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr. Li Sun, Dr. Fred Chao, Dr. Yu-Chen Hung, Dr. Abdelrahman Baqrain |
Scheme | Research Incentive Fund |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2016 |
Funding Finish | 2017 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | External |
Category | EXTE |
UON | N |
The Mystique of Luxury Brands Conference$2,818
Funding body: Faculty of Business and Law, The University of Newcastle
Funding body | Faculty of Business and Law, The University of Newcastle |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr. Fred Chao |
Scheme | Conference funding |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2016 |
Funding Finish | 2016 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Internal |
Category | INTE |
UON | N |
20151 grants / $5,925
2015 Winter global Business Conference$5,925
Funding body: Faculty of Business and Law, The University of Newcastle
Funding body | Faculty of Business and Law, The University of Newcastle |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr. Fred Chao |
Scheme | Conference funding |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2015 |
Funding Finish | 2015 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Internal |
Category | INTE |
UON | N |
20132 grants / $6,737
Investigating the impact of new product information learning and behaviour on innovative customers - Developing a scale for vicarious innovativeness$5,000
Funding body: University of Newcastle
Funding body | University of Newcastle |
---|---|
Project Team | Doctor Fred Chao |
Scheme | New Staff Grant |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2013 |
Funding Finish | 2013 |
GNo | G1300815 |
Type Of Funding | Internal |
Category | INTE |
UON | Y |
2013 World Marketing Congress$1,737
Funding body: Faculty of Business and Law, The University of Newcastle
Funding body | Faculty of Business and Law, The University of Newcastle |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr. Fred Chao |
Scheme | Conference funding |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2013 |
Funding Finish | 2013 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Internal |
Category | INTE |
UON | N |
20122 grants / $4,828
EFM Research Grant - RMIT University: Investigating the impact of CCI on critical customer and brand consequences -(Developing a scale for Vicarious adoption)$4,448
Funding body: RMIT University
Funding body | RMIT University |
---|---|
Project Team | Dr. Mike Reid, Dr. Fred Chao |
Scheme | EFM Research Grant |
Role | Investigator |
Funding Start | 2012 |
Funding Finish | 2013 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | External |
Category | EXTE |
UON | N |
Incidental Research Assistance Support Scheme$380
Funding body: University of Newcastle
Funding body | University of Newcastle |
---|---|
Scheme | Special Purpose Grant from Research Overheads |
Role | Lead |
Funding Start | 2012 |
Funding Finish | 2012 |
GNo | |
Type Of Funding | Internal |
Category | INTE |
UON | N |
Research Supervision
Number of supervisions
Current Supervision
Commenced | Level of Study | Research Title | Program | Supervisor Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
2023 | PhD | Content Generated in Chinese B2B Digital Content Marketing | PhD (Management), College of Human and Social Futures, The University of Newcastle | Co-Supervisor |
2023 | PhD | Exploring The Adoption of Emerging Technologies in Digital Marketing: A Comparative Study Between Australia and Developing Countries/Young Populations Countries Regarding The Economy, Culture, Politics, and Consumer Culture For Digital Marketing. | PhD (Management), College of Human and Social Futures, The University of Newcastle | Co-Supervisor |
2023 | PhD | Unveiling the Influence of AI-Generated Virtual Influencers on Luxury Brand Loyalty and Consumer Engagement | PhD (Management), College of Human and Social Futures, The University of Newcastle | Principal Supervisor |
2022 | PhD | Exploring the Impact of Employee-Level Artificial Intelligence Capability on Organizational Sustainable Competitive Advantage | PhD (Management), College of Human and Social Futures, The University of Newcastle | Co-Supervisor |
2022 | PhD | The Impact of Team Digitalization Capability on Team Decision-making Quality and Team Innovation | PhD (Management), College of Human and Social Futures, The University of Newcastle | Co-Supervisor |
2022 | PhD | Fiction or Reality? Building Parasocial Relationships with Virtual Influencers | PhD (Management), College of Human and Social Futures, The University of Newcastle | Co-Supervisor |
2019 | PhD | The Effect of Electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM) Language on Purchase Persuasion | PhD (Management), College of Human and Social Futures, The University of Newcastle | Co-Supervisor |
Past Supervision
Year | Level of Study | Research Title | Program | Supervisor Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
2024 | PhD | Drivers of Travellers’ Visiting Intentions to an Emerging Tourist Destination: The Case of Saudi Arabia | PhD (Management), College of Human and Social Futures, The University of Newcastle | Co-Supervisor |
2024 | PhD | Decision-Making Styles in the Age of Omnichannel Retailing | PhD (Management), College of Human and Social Futures, The University of Newcastle | Co-Supervisor |
2023 | PhD | The Influence of Customer Three-Stage Experience on Purchase Intention of Derivative Works in Service-Intensive Industry | PhD (Management), College of Human and Social Futures, The University of Newcastle | Principal Supervisor |
2023 | PhD | Effects of Social Media Influencer Marketing on Consumers’ In-Store Purchase Intentions | PhD (Management), College of Human and Social Futures, The University of Newcastle | Principal Supervisor |
2019 | PhD | Understanding Political Public Relations Techniques: An Exploration of Their Value and Function for Political Communication | PhD (Politics), College of Human and Social Futures, The University of Newcastle | Co-Supervisor |
2018 | Professional Doctorate | Customer-Based Brand Equity in Higher Education Institutions: A Brand Verdict Model. | Marketing, Faculty of Business and Law, The University of Newcastle | Principal Supervisor |
2016 | Professional Doctorate | The role of personality in the relationship between behavioural intention of online group buying and its determinants in Hong Kong | Marketing, Faculty of Business and Law, The University of Newcastle | Principal Supervisor |
Research Projects
Consumer innovativeness and new product adoption behaviour: a cross-cultural study 2016 -
Edit
Dr Fred Chao
Position
Senior Lecturer
Newcastle Business School
College of Human and Social Futures
Contact Details
fred.chao@newcastle.edu.au | |
Phone | (02) 4921 6389 |
Office
Room | X-738 |
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Building | NeW Space |
Location | City Campus , |