| 2024 |
Millard SK, Speis DB, Skippen P, Chiang AKI, Chang W-J, Lin AJ, Furman AJ, Mazaheri A, Seminowicz DA, Schabrun SM, 'Can non-invasive brain stimulation modulate peak alpha frequency in the human brain? A systematic review and meta-analysis', EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, 60, 4182-4200 (2024) [C1]
Peak alpha frequency (PAF), the dominant oscillatory frequency within the alpha range (8¿12 Hz), is associated with cognitive function and several neurological conditio... [more]
Peak alpha frequency (PAF), the dominant oscillatory frequency within the alpha range (8¿12 Hz), is associated with cognitive function and several neurological conditions, including chronic pain. Manipulating PAF could offer valuable insight into the relationship between PAF and various functions and conditions, potentially providing new treatment avenues. This systematic review aimed to comprehensively synthesise effects of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) on PAF speed. Relevant studies assessing PAF pre- and post-NIBS in healthy adults were identified through systematic searches of electronic databases (Embase, PubMed, PsychINFO, Scopus, The Cochrane Library) and trial registers. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was employed for assessing study quality. Quantitative analysis was conducted through pairwise meta-analysis when possible; otherwise, qualitative synthesis was performed. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020190512) and the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/2yaxz/). Eleven NIBS studies were included, all with a low risk-of-bias, comprising seven transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), three repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), and one transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) study. Meta-analysis of active tACS conditions (eight conditions from five studies) revealed no significant effects on PAF (mean difference [MD] = -0.12, 95% CI = -0.32 to 0.08, p = 0.24). Qualitative synthesis provided no evidence that tDCS altered PAF and moderate evidence for transient increases in PAF with 10¿Hz rTMS. However, it is crucial to note that small sample sizes were used, there was substantial variation in stimulation protocols, and most studies did not specifically target PAF alteration. Further studies are needed to determine NIBS's potential for modulating PAF.
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Open Research Newcastle |
| 2024 |
Singh M, Skippen P, He J, Thomson P, Fuelscher I, Caeyenberghs K, Anderson V, Hyde C, Silk TJ, 'Developmental patterns of inhibition and fronto-basal-ganglia white matter organisation in healthy children and children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder', HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING, 45 (2024) [C1]
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| 2021 |
McKewen M, Cooper PS, Skippen P, Wong ASW, Michie PT, Karayanidis F, 'Dissociable theta networks underlie the switch and mixing costs during task switching', HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING, 42, 4643-4657 (2021) [C1]
During task-switching paradigms, both event-related potentials and time-frequency analyses show switch and mixing effects at frontal and parietal sites. Switch and mixi... [more]
During task-switching paradigms, both event-related potentials and time-frequency analyses show switch and mixing effects at frontal and parietal sites. Switch and mixing effects are associated with increased power in broad frontoparietal networks, typically stronger in the theta band (~4¿8¿Hz). However, it is not yet known whether mixing and switch costs rely upon common or distinct networks. In this study, we examine proactive and reactive control networks linked to task switching and mixing effects, and whether strength of connectivity in these networks is associated with behavioural outcomes. Participants (n¿= 197) completed a cued-trials task-switching paradigm with concurrent electroencephalography, after substantial task practice to establish strong cue-stimulus¿response representations. We used inter-site phase clustering, a measure of functional connectivity across electrode sites, to establish cross-site connectivity from a frontal and a parietal seed. Distinct theta networks were activated during proactive and reactive control periods. During the preparation interval, mixing effects were associated with connectivity from the frontal seed to parietal sites, and switch effects with connectivity from the parietal seed to occipital sites. Lateralised occipital connectivity was common to both switch and mixing effects. After target onset, frontal and parietal seeds showed a similar pattern of connectivity across trial types. These findings are consistent with distinct and common proactive control networks and common reactive networks in highly practised task-switching performers.
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Open Research Newcastle |
| 2020 |
Skippen P, Fulham WR, Michie PT, Matzke D, Heathcote A, Karayanidis F, 'Reconsidering electrophysiological markers of response inhibition in light of trigger failures in the stop-signal task', Psychophysiology, 57 (2020) [C1]
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Open Research Newcastle |
| 2019 |
Cooper PS, Karayanidis F, McKewen M, McLellan-Hall S, Wong ASW, Skippen P, Cavanagh JF, 'Frontal theta predicts specific cognitive control-induced behavioural changes beyond general reaction time slowing', NEUROIMAGE, 189, 130-140 (2019) [C1]
Investigations into the neurophysiological underpinnings of control suggest that frontal theta activity is increased with the need for control. However, these studies t... [more]
Investigations into the neurophysiological underpinnings of control suggest that frontal theta activity is increased with the need for control. However, these studies typically show this link by reporting associations between increased theta and RT slowing ¿ a process that is contemporaneous with cognitive control but does not strictly reflect the specific use of control. In this study, we assessed frontal theta responses that underpinned the switch cost in task switching ¿ a specific index of cognitive control that does not rely exclusively on RT slowing. Here, we utilised a single-trial regression approach to assess 1) how cognitive control demands beyond simple RT slowing were linked to midfrontal theta and 2) whether midfrontal theta effects remained stable over time. In a large cohort that included a longitudinal subsample, we found that midfrontal theta was modulated by switch costs, with enhanced theta power when preparing to switch vs. repeating a task. These effects were reliable after a two-year interval (Cronbach's a.39-0.74). In contrast, we found that trial-by-trial modulations of midfrontal theta power predicted the size of the switch cost ¿ so that switch trials with increased theta produced smaller switch costs. Interestingly, these relationships between theta and behaviour were less stable over time (Cronbach's a 0-0.61), with participants first using both delta and theta bands to influence behaviour whereas after two years only theta associations with behaviour remained. Together, these findings suggest midfrontal theta supports the need for control beyond simple RT slowing and reveal that midfrontal theta effects remain relatively stable over time.
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Open Research Newcastle |
| 2019 |
Skippen P, Matzke D, Heathcote A, Fulham WR, Michie P, Karayanidis F, 'Reliability of triggering inhibitory process is a better predictor of impulsivity than SSRT', ACTA PSYCHOLOGICA, 192, 104-117 (2019) [C1]
The ability to control behaviour is thought to rely at least partly on adequately suppressing impulsive responses to external stimuli. However, the evidence for a relat... [more]
The ability to control behaviour is thought to rely at least partly on adequately suppressing impulsive responses to external stimuli. However, the evidence for a relationship between response inhibition ability and impulse control is weak and inconsistent. This study investigates the relationship between response inhibition and both self-report and behavioural measures of impulsivity as well as engagement in risky behaviours in a large community sample (N = 174) of healthy adolescents and young adults (15¿35 years). Using a stop-signal paradigm with a number parity go task, we implemented a novel hierarchical Bayesian model of response inhibition that estimates stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) as a distribution and also accounts for failures to react to the stop-signal (i.e., "trigger failure"), and failure to react to the choice stimulus (i.e., "go failure" or omission errors). In line with previous studies, the model reduced estimates of SSRT by approximately 100 ms compared with traditional non-parametric SSRT estimation techniques. We found significant relationships between behavioural and self-report measures of impulsivity and traditionally estimated SSRT, that did not hold for the model-based SSRT estimates. Instead, behavioural impulsivity measures were correlated with rate of trigger failure. The relationship between trigger failure and impulsivity suggests that the former may index a higher order inhibition process, whereas SSRT may index a more automatic inhibition process. We suggest that the existence of distinct response inhibition processes that may be associated with different levels of cognitive control.
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Open Research Newcastle |
| 2019 |
McKewen M, Skippen P, Cooper PS, Wong ASW, Michie PT, Lenroot R, Karayanidis F, 'Does cognitive control ability mediate the relationship between reward-related mechanisms, impulsivity, and maladaptive outcomes in adolescence and young adulthood?', Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience, 19, 653-676 (2019) [C1]
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Open Research Newcastle |
