Dr Lloyd Pilgrim

Dr Lloyd Pilgrim

Senior Lecturer

School of Engineering

Career Summary

Biography

Lloyd Pilgrim is the Head of the Discipline of Civil Engineering, Surveying and Environmental Engineering , in the School of Engineering, at The University of Newcastle in Australia. He was awarded a Bachelor of Surveying from the University of Newcastle in 1987, and a PhD from The University of Newcastle in 1991.

After gaining his PhD he worked at TUNRA (developing analytical photogrammetry instrumentation), and the NSW Land Information Centre as Project Manager for the Cadastral Spatial Referencing System. 

During the 1990’s Lloyd was a Lecturer at The University of Sydney, in the Department of Civil Engineering, before becoming the Manager of a Sydney Cadastral Consulting business in 2000.  This period of industry engagement continued for 16 years, including a period as the Global Risk Manager at an Australian based international spatial information and surveying organisation.

Lloyd joined the University of Newcastle in 2017, as a Senior Lecturer in Surveying.  He currently has the role of Program Convener for the Surveying Degree Programs.

Lloyd maintains strong industry connections, through the Board of Surveying and Spatial Information (Director), Surveying and Mapping Industry Council of NSW (member), the Institution of Surveyors NSW (member).

Lloyd’s research interests are in terrestrial laser scanning, photogrammetry, and cadastral surveying.


Qualifications

  • Doctor of Philosophy, University of Newcastle
  • Bachelor of Surveying, University of Newcastle

Keywords

  • Industrial Measurement
  • Laser Scanning
  • Metrology
  • Photogrammetry
  • Surveying

Fields of Research

Code Description Percentage
401306 Surveying (incl. hydrographic surveying) 50
401304 Photogrammetry and remote sensing 50

Professional Experience

UON Appointment

Title Organisation / Department
Senior Lecturer University of Newcastle
School of Engineering
Australia

Academic appointment

Dates Title Organisation / Department
9/1/1993 - 9/12/1999 Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering The University of Sydney
Australia

Professional appointment

Dates Title Organisation / Department
9/3/2000 - 15/12/2016 Surveyor, Practice Manager, then Global Risk Manager

Various roles held over a 17 year period with AAM Pty Ltd, a Global Surveying and Spatial Information Company

AAM Pty Ltd
Australia

Awards

Professional

Year Award
2021 Finalist, NSW Surveyor of the Year
Institution of Surveyors, NSW
2020 HMG Surveyor of the Year
Institution of Surveyors, NSW
1998 The John Haydon Cardew Prize
Institution of Surveyors, Australia (NSW Division)
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Publications

For publications that are currently unpublished or in-press, details are shown in italics.


Conference (7 outputs)

Year Citation Altmetrics Link
2024 Cunning B, Chaves I, Pilgrim L, Petersen R, 'Navigating the Complexity of Off-River Gravity Dam Monitoring: Insights from Finite Element Modelling', Proceedings of the 26th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials, Auckland, New Zealand (2024) [E1]
DOI 10.1007/978-981-97-3397-2_57
Co-authors Robert Petersen, Igor Chaves
2023 Sabzali M, Pilgrim L, 'INVESTIGATION OF CORRELATION BETWEEN SELF-CALIBRATION PARAMETERS OF TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING (TLS)', 44th Asian Conference on Remote Sensing Acrs 2023 (2023)

To determine the robust self-calibration approach for Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS), the profound knowledge of Geodetic Network Design and Photogrammetry is required.... [more]

To determine the robust self-calibration approach for Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS), the profound knowledge of Geodetic Network Design and Photogrammetry is required. For any photogrammetric tasks, three main predefined criteria - precision, correlation, and uncertainty of parameters - play a more vital role than other criteria. Geodetic network design is composed of four interrelated design orders: zero, first, second and third order of design to fulfil the mentioned criteria. Zero order design which is the core focus of this research reveals the correlation between estimated parameters in self-calibration of TLS. In other words, three types of parameters - calibration parameters (CP), exterior orientation parameters (EOP), and object points (OP) - as unknowns must be solved through bundle block adjustment (BBA) of TLS self-calibration. The current parametrization of exterior orientation used for TLS calibration, unlike camera calibration, is limited to collinearity conditions from one scan station. According to established concepts in computer vision, by adding the constraints of relative orientation (RO) to bundle block adjustment, the estimations of unknowns will be in higher quality and potentially lower correlation. Therefore, application of this principle must determine more precise and lower correlated parameters for TLS self-calibration. This research will evaluate the correlation of TLS self-calibration parameters between collinearity and coplanarity conditions and will identify the potential improvements in correlation and precision of parameters with the aid of the new formulation. An experiment of self-calibration was undertaken using Leica ScanStation P50 and implemented on MATLAB codes.

2023 Cunning B, Chaves IA, Pilgrim L, Petersen R, 'The Role of Field Observations for Accurate Finite Element Modelling of an Off-River Gravity Dam', Auckland, NZ (2023)
Co-authors Robert Petersen, Igor Chaves
2022 Cunning B, Chaves I, Pilgrim L, Petersen R, 'Proposed Seepage and Movement Monitoring for an 80-year-Old Plain Concrete Reservoir', Corrosion and Prevention 2021, Newcastle (2022) [E1]
Co-authors Robert Petersen, Igor Chaves
2019 Chaves I, Dyall H, Pilgrim L, 'Relative Cost-Effectiveness of Corroded Surface Contour Metrology Techniques', Corrosion & Prevention 2019 (2019) [E1]
Co-authors Igor Chaves
1989 Pilgrim LJ, 'Detection of chance in three-dimensional models with time – the medical application', Proceedings of SPIE the International Society for Optical Engineering, 1030, 130-137 (1989)

A method for the detection of differences between two three-dimensional digital models of a single object for medical purposes is discussed. The data used are X, Y, Z c... [more]

A method for the detection of differences between two three-dimensional digital models of a single object for medical purposes is discussed. The data used are X, Y, Z co-ordinates in the form of digital "terrain" models presumed to be captured at different epochs. Aspects of the least squares approach are discussed, along with a number of perceived medical applications. © 1989 SPIE.

DOI 10.1117/12.950462
Citations Scopus - 5
1987 Pilgrim L, Mitchell H, 'Selection of an image correlation algorithm', The University of Melbourne (1987)
Co-authors Harvey Mitchell
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Journal article (15 outputs)

Year Citation Altmetrics Link
2025 Sabzali M, Pilgrim L, 'A Comprehensive Review of Mathematical Error Characterization and Mitigation Strategies in Terrestrial Laser Scanning', Remote Sensing, 17 (2025) [C1]
DOI 10.3390/rs17142528
2025 Sabzali M, Pilgrim L, 'New Parametrisation of Bundle Block Adjustment for Self-Calibration of Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS)', Photogrammetric Record, 40 (2025) [C1]
DOI 10.1111/phor.70009
2025 Bretreger D, Yeo I-Y, Melchers RE, Han S-C, Pilgrim L, Senanayake IP, 'Using drone-based LiDAR intensity measurements to identify underground water pipe leaks through wet surface detection', Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure, 1-18 [C1]
DOI 10.1080/23789689.2025.2523707
Co-authors Shin-Chan Han, Indishe Senanayake, Rob Melchers
2024 Sabzali M, Pilgrim L, 'Investigation Of Correlation Between Self-Calibration Parameters Of Terrestrial Laser Scanner (Tls) Scanning (Tls)', Asian Journal of Geoinformatics, 23, 2311016-1-2311016-16 (2024) [C1]
2023 Sabzali M, Pilgrim L, 'Improved Model of Refracted Horizontal Angle: Dependency on Zenith Angle', American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 11 38-44 (2023)
DOI 10.12691/ajcea-11-2-2
2023 Sabzali M, Pilgrim L, 'Updated Atmospheric Modelling of Refracted Zenith Angle Using Vertical Temperature Gradient for Refraction Coefficient', Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics, 11 11-20 (2023) [C1]
DOI 10.12691/jgg-11-1-2
1999 Pilgrim LJ, 'Metrication : A job to complete?', Australian Surveyor, 44 11-19 (1999)

A complete generation has past since the significant implementation of the metric system of units in Australia (approximately 50 % of the current surveying profession e... [more]

A complete generation has past since the significant implementation of the metric system of units in Australia (approximately 50 % of the current surveying profession entered the profession after metrication, or were born after M-Day). Nevertheless, many surveyors still need to interact with imperial units in their daily employment activities. This paper will outline the development of measurement units - particularly those relevant to the surveying profession. Metrication will be discussed, including some mention of the Institutions role and opinions in the era of change. Finally, an incomplete aspect of metrication will be discussed.

DOI 10.1080/00050351.1999.10558767
1999 Pilgrim LJ, 'Metrication: A job to complete?', Australian Surveyor, 44 11-19 (1999)
DOI 10.1080/00050326.1999.10441898
1996 Pilgrim LJ, 'Surface matching and difference detection without the aid of control points', Survey Review, 33, 291-304 (1996)

If photogrammetry is to be applied to applications such as machine vision, industrial inspection, or medical analysis, more diverse three-dimensional model matching pro... [more]

If photogrammetry is to be applied to applications such as machine vision, industrial inspection, or medical analysis, more diverse three-dimensional model matching procedures need to be developed. Further, automatic surface difference detection should also be incorporated into the derived algorithms in order to accommodate the requirements of these new applications. This paper reviews a wide range of literature and presents the current status of three-dimensional model matching. A comparison is made between two-dimensional and three-dimensional matching for the purpose of delineating and similarities and differences. Finally, an algorithm developed by the author for surface matching is also discussed.

DOI 10.1179/sre.1996.33.259.291
Citations Scopus - 24
1996 Pilgrim L, 'Monitoring Surface shape variations on the human body', Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 19 (1996)
1996 Pilgrim L, 'Robust estimation applied to surface matching', ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING, 51 243-257 (1996)
DOI 10.1016/0924-2716(96)00010-X
Citations Scopus - 43Web of Science - 32
1993 'President's young surveyors group six discussion papers', Australian Surveyor, 38 84-96 (1993)
DOI 10.1080/00050326.1993.10438845
1992 Pilgrim L, 'History of Photogrammetry in Medicine', Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 15 1-8 (1992)
Citations Scopus - 10
1992 Pilgrim L, 'Two dimensional image matching and difference detection', Australian Journal of Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Surveying (1992)
Citations Scopus - 2
1992 Pilgrim LJ, 'Biostereometrics and photogrammetry', Australian Surveyor, 37 129-138 (1992)

This paper describes the various research areas and opportunities existing in medical photogrammetry. A description of the historical application of photogrammetry to m... [more]

This paper describes the various research areas and opportunities existing in medical photogrammetry. A description of the historical application of photogrammetry to medicine is developed, as well as discussing the various benefits and disadvantages which can be derived from photogrammetry when it is applied to medical applications. © 1992 Taylor and Francis Group LLC.

DOI 10.1080/00050326.1992.10438786
Show 12 more journal articles
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Grants and Funding

Summary

Number of grants 4
Total funding $34,000

Click on a grant title below to expand the full details for that specific grant.


19971 grants / $10,000

Surface Correlation using Randomly Located 3D Data$10,000

Funding body: The University of Sydney

Funding body The University of Sydney
Scheme University of Sydney Research Grants Scheme
Role Lead
Funding Start 1997
Funding Finish 1997
GNo
Type Of Funding Internal
Category INTE
UON N

19952 grants / $18,000

Digital Terrain Model Differencing$12,000

Funding body: The University of Sydney

Funding body The University of Sydney
Scheme Australian Research Council Institutional Grant
Role Lead
Funding Start 1995
Funding Finish 1995
GNo
Type Of Funding Internal
Category INTE
UON N

Surface Matching and Difference Detection$6,000

Funding body: The University of Sydney

Funding body The University of Sydney
Scheme University of Sydney Research Grants Scheme
Role Lead
Funding Start 1995
Funding Finish 1995
GNo
Type Of Funding Internal
Category INTE
UON N

19941 grants / $6,000

Surface Matching$6,000

Surface Matching

Funding body: University of Sydney

Funding body University of Sydney
Scheme University of Sydney Research Grants Scheme
Role Lead
Funding Start 1994
Funding Finish 1994
GNo
Type Of Funding Internal
Category INTE
UON N
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Research Supervision

Number of supervisions

Completed1
Current1

Current Supervision

Commenced Level of Study Research Title Program Supervisor Type
2022 PhD Calibration of Terrestrial Laser Scanners (TLS) for Legal Traceability PhD (Surveying), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle Principal Supervisor

Past Supervision

Year Level of Study Research Title Program Supervisor Type
2024 PhD Structural Health Monitoring of Ageing Off-River Gravity Dams: A Framework and Case Study PhD (Civil Eng), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle Co-Supervisor
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Dr Lloyd Pilgrim

Position

Senior Lecturer
School of Engineering
College of Engineering, Science and Environment

Contact Details

Email lloyd.pilgrim@newcastle.edu.au
Phone 0249216051

Office

Room EA122
Building Engineering A
Location Callaghan Campus
University Drive
Callaghan, NSW 2308
Australia
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