2020 |
Stewart Williams J, Myléus A, Chatterji S, Valentine N, 'Health systems responsiveness among older adults: Findings from the World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health', Global Public Health, 15 999-1015 (2020) [C1]
© 2020, © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Health system responsiveness is an indicator that can be used for evaluatin... [more]
© 2020, © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Health system responsiveness is an indicator that can be used for evaluating how well healthcare systems respond to people's needs in non-clinical areas such as communication, autonomy and confidentiality. This study analyses health system responsiveness from the perspective of community-dwelling adults aged 50 and over in China, Ghana, India, the Russian Federation and South Africa using cross-sectional data from the World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health. The aim is to assess and compare how individual, health condition and healthcare factors impact differently on outpatient and inpatient responsiveness. Poor responsiveness is measured according to participants¿ responses to questions on a five-point Likert scale. Five univariate and multiple logistic regression models test associations between individual, health condition and healthcare factors and poor responsiveness. The final model adjusts for country. Key results are that travel time is a major contributor to poor responsiveness across all countries. Similarly there are wealth inequalities in responsiveness. However no clear difference in responsiveness was observed in presentations for chronic versus other types of conditions. This study provides an interesting baseline on older patients¿ perceived treatment within outpatient and inpatient facilities in five diverse low- and middle-income countries.
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2020 |
Abdullahi MF, Williams JS, Sahlen K-G, Bile K, Kinsman J, 'Factors contributing to the uptake of childhood vaccination in Galkayo District, Puntland, Somalia', GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION, 13 (2020)
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2020 |
Shahidi SH, Stewart Williams J, Hassani F, 'Physical activity during COVID-19 quarantine', Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), (2020)
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. The World Health Organization recommends that children and adolescents aged 5-17 should engage in at least 60 minutes ... [more]
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. The World Health Organization recommends that children and adolescents aged 5-17 should engage in at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity a day. Physical activity is defined as bodily movement performed by skeletal muscles that demand energy expenditure. The physical benefits of this include musculoskeletal and cardiovascular health, a healthy body weight and neuromuscular awareness, for coordination and controlling movement. The psychological benefits include managing anxiety and building self-esteem, which are both important for children's psycho-social development (1).
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2020 |
Jemberie WB, Stewart Williams J, Eriksson M, Gronlund A-S, Ng N, Blom Nilsson M, et al., 'Substance Use Disorders and COVID-19: Multi-Faceted Problems Which Require Multi-Pronged Solutions', FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY, 11 (2020)
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2019 |
Lu SSM, Stewart Williams J, Sommar JN, 'Inequalities in early childhood mortality in Myanmar - Association between parents socioeconomic status and early childhood mortality', Global Health Action, 12 1-13 (2019) [C1]
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2019 |
Stewart Williams J, Wall S, 'The AMR emergency: multi-sector collaboration and collective global policy action is needed now.', Glob Health Action, 12 1855831 (2019)
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2019 |
Chowdhury M, Stewart Williams J, Wertheim H, Khan WA, Matin A, Kinsman J, 'Rural community perceptions of antibiotic access and understanding of antimicrobial resistance: qualitative evidence from the Health and Demographic Surveillance System site in Matlab, Bangladesh', Global Health Action, 12 (2019)
© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Background: The use of large quantities of antimicrobial drugs for human health and... [more]
© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Background: The use of large quantities of antimicrobial drugs for human health and agriculture is advancing the predominance of drug resistant pathogens in the environment. Antimicrobial resistance is now a major public health threat posing significant challenges for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. In Bangladesh, where over one third of the population is below the poverty line, the achievement of safe and effective antibiotic medication use for human health is challenging. Objective: To explore factors and practices around access and use of antibiotics and understanding of antimicrobial resistance in rural communities in Bangladesh from a socio-cultural perspective. Methods: This qualitative study comprises the second phase of the multi-country ABACUS (Antibiotic Access and Use) project in Matlab, Bangladesh. Information was collected through six focus group discussions and 16 in-depth interviews. Informants were selected from ten villages in four geographic locations using the Health and Demographic Surveillance System database. The Access to Healthcare Framework guided the interpretation and framing of the findings in terms of individuals¿ abilities to: perceive, seek, reach, pay and engage with healthcare. Results: Village pharmacies were the preferred and trusted source of antibiotics for self-treatment. Cultural and religious beliefs informed the use of herbal and other complementary medicines. Advice on antibiotic use was also sourced from trusted friends and family members. Access to government-run facilities required travel on poorly maintained roads. Reports of structural corruption, stock-outs and patient safety risks eroded trust in the public sector. Some expressed a willingness to learn about antibiotic resistance. Conclusion: Antimicrobial resistance is both a health and development issue. Social and economic contexts shape medicine seeking, use and behaviours. Multi-sectoral action is needed to confront the underlying social, economic, cultural and political drivers that impact on the access and use of antibiotic medicines in Bangladesh.
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2018 |
Kailembo A, Quiñonez C, Lopez Mitnik GV, Weintraub JA, Stewart Williams J, Preet R, et al., 'Income and wealth as correlates of socioeconomic disparity in dentist visits among adults aged 20 years and over in the United States, 2011-2014', BMC Oral Health, 18 (2018) [C1]
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2018 |
Kailembo A, Preet R, Williams JS, 'Socioeconomic inequality in self-reported unmet need for oral health services in adults aged 50 years and over in China, Ghana, and India', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR EQUITY IN HEALTH, 17 (2018) [C1]
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2018 |
Tarekegne FE, Padyab M, Schröders J, Williams JS, 'Sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics associated with selfreported diagnosed diabetes mellitus in adults aged 50+ years in Ghana and South Africa: Results from the WHOSAGE wave 1', BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care, 6 (2018) [C1]
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2017 |
Kunna R, Sebastian MS, Williams JS, 'Measurement and decomposition of socioeconomic inequality in single and multimorbidity in older adults in China and Ghana: results from the WHO study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR EQUITY IN HEALTH, 16 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Williams JS, Norstrom F, Ng N, 'Disability and ageing in China and India - decomposing the effects of gender and residence. Results from the WHO study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)', BMC GERIATRICS, 17 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Kailembo A, Preet R, Stewart Williams J, 'Common risk factors and edentulism in adults, aged 50 years and over, in China, Ghana, India and South Africa: Results from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)', BMC Oral Health, 17 (2017) [C1]
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2017 |
Gwatidzo SD, Williams JS, 'Diabetes mellitus medication use and catastrophic healthcare expenditure among adults aged 50+years in China and India: results from the WHO study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)', BMC GERIATRICS, 17 (2017) [C1]
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2016 |
Stewart Williams JA, Preet R, Khan N, Blomstedt Y, Nilsson M, 'Assessing dental professionals understanding of tobacco prevention and control: a qualitative study in Västerbotten County, Sweden', British Dental Journal (BDJ) ppen, 2 1-6 (2016) [C1]
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2016 |
Stewart Williams J, Van Minh H, Oh J, Hoat LN, Lee J-K, 'Special Issue: Millennium Development Goals in Vietnam: the Progress and Social Determinants', Global Health Action, 9 (2016)
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2016 |
Minh HV, Oh J, Hoat LN, Lee J-K, Stewart Williams J, 'Millennium Development Goals in Vietnam: Taking Multi-sectoral Action to Improve Health and Address the Social Determinants', Global Health Action, 9 (2016)
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2016 |
Stewart Williams J, Ling R, Searles AM, Doran CM, Byles J, 'Identification of higher hospital costs and more frequent admissions among mid-aged Australian women who self-report diabetes mellitus', Maturitas, 90 58-63 (2016) [C1]
© 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. Objective To ascertain whether the hospital costs for mid-aged Australian women who self-reported diabetes mellitus (DM) and who ... [more]
© 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. Objective To ascertain whether the hospital costs for mid-aged Australian women who self-reported diabetes mellitus (DM) and who had one or more hospital admission during an eight and a half year period were higher than the hospital costs for other similarly aged non-DM women. Methods The sample comprised 2,392 mid-aged women, resident in New South Wales (NSW) Australia and participating in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH), who had any NSW hospital admissions during the eight and a half year period 1 July 2000 to 31 December 2008. Analyses were conducted on linked data from ALSWH surveys and the NSW Admitted Patient Data Collection (APDC). Hospital costs were compared for the DM and non-DM cohorts of women. A generalized linear model measured the association between hospital costs and self-reported DM. Results Eight and a half year hospital costs were 41% higher for women who self-reported DM in the ALSWH surveys (p < 0.0001). On average, women who self-reported DM had significantly (p < 0.0001) more hospital admissions (5.3) than women with no reported DM (3.4). The average hospital stay per admission was not significantly different between the two groups of women. Conclusions Self-reported DM status in mid-aged Australian women is a predictor of higher hospital costs. This simple measure can be a useful indicator for public policy makers planning early-stage interventions that target people in the population at risk of DM.
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2016 |
Ahangari A, Stewart Williams J, Myléus A, 'Pain and alcohol consumption among older adults: findings from the World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health, Wave 1.', Trop Med Int Health, 21 1282-1292 (2016) [C1]
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2016 |
Navin Cristina TJ, Stewart Williams JA, Parkinson L, Sibbritt DW, Byles JE, 'Identification of diabetes, heart disease, hypertension and stroke in mid- and older-aged women: Comparing self-report and administrative hospital data records', Geriatrics and Gerontology International, 16 95-102 (2016) [C1]
© 2016 Japan Geriatrics Society. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of diabetes, heart disease, hypertension and stroke in self-report and hospital data in two cohorts of women; meas... [more]
© 2016 Japan Geriatrics Society. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of diabetes, heart disease, hypertension and stroke in self-report and hospital data in two cohorts of women; measure sensitivity and agreement between data sources; and compare between cohorts. Methods: Women born between 1946-1951 and 1921-1926 who participated in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH); were New South Wales residents; and admitted to hospital (2004-2008) were included in the present study. The prevalence of diabetes, heart disease, hypertension and stroke was estimated using self-report (case1 at latest survey, case2 across multiple surveys) and hospital records. Agreement (kappa) and sensitivity (%) were calculated. Logistic regression measured the association between patient characteristics and agreement. Results: Hypertension had the highest prevalence and estimates were higher for older women: 32.5% case1, 45.4% case2, 12.8% in hospital data (1946-1951 cohort); 57.8% case1, 73.2% case2, 38.2% in hospital data (1921-1926 cohort). Agreement was substantial for diabetes: ¿=0.75 case1, ¿=0.70 case2 (1946-1951 cohort); ¿=0.77 case1, ¿=0.80 case2 (1921-1926 cohort), and lower for other conditions. The 1946-1951 cohort had 2.08 times the odds of agreement for hypertension (95% CI 1.56 to 2.78; P<0.0001), and 6.25 times the odds of agreement for heart disease (95% CI 4.35 to 10.0; P<0.0001), compared with the 1921-1926 cohort. Conclusion: Substantial agreement was found for diabetes, indicating accuracy of ascertainment using self-report or hospital data. Self-report data appears to be less accurate for heart disease and stroke. Hypertension was underestimated in hospital data. These findings have implications for epidemiological studies relying on self-report or administrative data.
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2015 |
Stewart Williams J, Kowal P, Hestekin H, O'Driscoll T, Peltzer K, Yawson A, et al., 'Prevalence, risk factors and disability associated with fall-related injury in older adults in low- and middle-incomecountries: Results from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)', BMC Medicine, 13 (2015) [C1]
© 2015 Stewart Williams et al. In 2010 falls were responsible for approximately 80 % of disability stemming from unintentional injuries excluding traffic accidents in adults 50 ye... [more]
© 2015 Stewart Williams et al. In 2010 falls were responsible for approximately 80 % of disability stemming from unintentional injuries excluding traffic accidents in adults 50 years and over. Falls are becoming a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where populations are ageing rapidly. Methods: Nationally representative standardized data collected from adults aged 50 years and over participating in the World Health Organization (WHO) Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) Wave 1 in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, the Russian Federation and South Africa are analysed. The aims are to identify the prevalence of, and risk factors for, past-year fall-related injury and to assess associations between fall-related injury and disability. Regression methods are used to identify risk factors and association between fall-related injury and disability. Disability was measured using the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule Version 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0). Results: The prevalence of past-year fall-related injuries ranged from 6.6 % in India to 1.0 % in South Africa and was 4.0 % across the pooled countries. The proportion of all past-year injuries that were fall-related ranged from 73.3 % in the Russian Federation to 44.4 % in Ghana. Across the six countries this was 65.7 %. In the multivariable logistic regression, the odds of past-year fall-related injury were significantly higher for: women (OR: 1.27; 95 % CI: 0.99,1.62); respondents who lived in rural areas (OR: 1.36; 95 % CI: 1.06,1.75); those with depression (OR: 1.43; 95 % CI: 1.01,2.02); respondents who reported severe or extreme problems sleeping (OR: 1.54; 95 % CI: 1.15,2.08); and those who reported two or more (compared with no) chronic conditions (OR: 2.15; 95 % CI: 1.45,3.19). Poor cognition was also a significant risk factor for fall-related injury. The association between fall-related injury and the WHODAS measure of disability was highly significant (P<0.0001) with some attenuation after adjusting for confounders. Reporting two or more chronic conditions (compared with none) was significantly associated with disability (P<0.0001). Conclusions: The findings provide a platform for improving understanding of risk factors for falls in older adults in this group of LMICs. Clinicians and public health professionals in these countries must be made aware of the extent of this problem and the need to implement policies to reduce the risk of falls in older adults.
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2015 |
Wilunda B, Ng N, Stewart Williams J, 'Health and ageing in Nairobi s informal settlements-evidence from the International Network for the Demographic Evaluation of Populations and Their Health (INDEPTH): a cross sectional study', BMC Public Health, 15 (2015) [C1]
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2015 |
Williams JS, Ng N, Peltzer K, Yawson A, Biritwum R, Maximova T, et al., 'Risk factors and disability associated with low back pain in older adults in low- and middle-income countries. Results from the WHO study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)', PLoS ONE, 10 (2015) [C1]
© 2015 Stewart Williams et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution... [more]
© 2015 Stewart Williams et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Background: Back pain is a common disabling chronic condition that burdens individuals, families and societies. Epidemiological evidence, mainly from high-income countries, shows positive association between back pain prevalence and older age. There is an urgent need for accurate epidemiological data on back pain in adult populations in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where populations are ageing rapidly. The objectives of this study are to: measure the prevalence of back pain; identify risk factors and determinants associated with back pain, and describe association between back pain and disability in adults aged 50 years and older, in six LMICs from different regions of the world. The findings provide insights into country-level differences in self-reported back pain and disability in a group of socially, culturally, economically and geographically diverse LMICs. Methods: Standardized national survey data collected from adults (50 years and older) participating in the World Health Organization (WHO) Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) were analysed. The weighted sample (n = 30, 146) comprised respondents in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, South Africa and the Russian Federation. Multivariable regressions describe factors associated with back pain prevalence and intensity, and back pain as a determinant of disability. Results: Prevalence was highest in the Russian Federation (56%) and lowest in China (22%). In the pooled multi-country analyses, female sex, lower education, lower wealth and multiple chronic morbidities were significant in association with past-month back pain (p<0.01). About 8% of respondents reported that they experienced intense back pain in the previous month. Conclusions: Evidence on back pain and its impact on disability is needed in developing countries so that governments can invest in cost-effective education and rehabilitation to reduce the growing social and economic burden imposed by this disabling condition.
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2014 |
Yego F, D'Este C, Byles J, Williams JS, Nyongesa P, 'Risk factors for maternal mortality in a Tertiary Hospital in Kenya: a case control study', BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH, 14 (2014) [C1]
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2014 |
Yego F, D'Este C, Byles J, Nyongesa P, Williams JS, 'A case-control study of risk factors for fetal and early neonatal deaths in a tertiary hospital in Kenya', BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH, 14 (2014) [C1]
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2014 |
Peltzer K, Stewart Williams JA, Kowal P, Negin J, Snodgrass JJ, Yawson A, et al., 'Universal health coverage in emerging economies: findings on health care utilization by older adults in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, the Russian Federation, and South Africa', Global Health Action, 7 1-9 (2014) [C1]
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2013 |
Hosseinpoor AR, Stewart Williams JA, Gautam J, Posarac A, Officer A, Verdes E, et al., 'Socioeconomic inequality in disability among adults: a multicountry study using the World Health Survey.', Am J Public Health, 103 1278-1286 (2013) [C1]
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2013 |
Williams JAS, Wallick CJ, Byles JE, Doran CM, 'Assessing Patterns of Use of Cardio-Protective Polypill Component Medicines in Australian Women', DRUGS & AGING, 30 193-203 (2013) [C1]
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2013 |
Williams JS, Cunich M, Byles J, 'The impact of socioeconomic status on changes in the general and mental health of women over time: evidence from a longitudinal study of Australian women', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR EQUITY IN HEALTH, 12 (2013) [C1]
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2013 |
Yego F, Williams JS, Byles J, Nyongesa P, Aruasa W, D'Este C, 'A retrospective analysis of maternal and neonatal mortality at a teaching and referral hospital in Kenya', REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, 10 (2013) [C1]
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2012 |
Hosseinpoor AR, Bergen N, Mendis S, Harper S, Verdes E, Kunst A, Chatterji S, 'Socioeconomic inequality in the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries: results from the World Health Survey.', BMC public health, 12 474 (2012)
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2012 |
Hosseinpoor AR, Stewart Williams JA, Itani L, Chatterji S, 'Socioeconomic inequality in domains of health: Results from the World Health Surveys', BMC Public Health, 12 1-9 (2012) [C1]
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2012 |
Hosseinpoor AR, Stewart Williams JA, Jann B, Kowal PR, Officer A, Posarac A, Chatterji S, 'Social determinants of sex differences in disability among older adults: A multi-country decomposition analysis using the World Health Survey', International Journal for Equity in Health, 11 (2012) [C1]
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2012 |
Hosseinpoor AR, Stewart Williams JA, Amin A, Araujo De Carvalho I, Beard J, Boerma T, et al., 'Social determinants of self-reported health in women and men: Understanding the role of gender in population health', PloS One, 7 (2012) [C1]
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2011 |
Parkinson L, Dolja-Gore X, Gibson RE, Doran E, Notley L, Stewart Williams JA, et al., 'An observational study of the discrediting of COX-2 NSAIDs in Australia: Vioxx or class effect?', BMC Public Health, 11 892 (2011) [C1]
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2011 |
Byles JE, Dolja-Gore X, Loxton DJ, Parkinson L, Stewart Williams JA, 'Women's uptake of medicare benefits schedule mental health items for general practitioners, psychologists and other allied mental health professionals', Medical Journal of Australia, 194 175-179 (2011) [C1]
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2011 |
Stewart Williams JA, 'Assessing the suitability of fractional polynomial methods in health services research: a perspective on the categorization epidemic', Journal of Health Services Research, 16 147-152 (2011) [C1]
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2010 |
Stewart Williams JA, Byles JE, Inder KJ, 'Equity of access to cardiac rehabilitation: The role of system factors', International Journal for Equity in Health, 9 1-20 (2010) [C1]
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2010 |
Fuller BG, Stewart Williams JA, Byles JE, 'Active Living - the perception of older people with chronic conditions', Chronic illness, 6 294-305 (2010) [C1]
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2009 |
Stewart Williams JA, 'Using non-linear decomposition to explain the discriminatory effects of male-female differentials in access to care: A cardiac rehabilitation case study', Social Science & Medicine, 69 1072-1079 (2009) [C1]
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2005 |
Stewart Williams JA, Lowe JM, Candlish PM, 'Using pilot studies to inform health services', Australian Health Review, 29 478-481 (2005) [C1]
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2005 |
Simpson S, Mahoney M, Harris E, Aldrich R, Stewart Williams JA, 'Equity-focused health impact assessment: A tool to assist policy makers in addressing health inequalities', Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 25 772-782 (2005) [C1]
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2005 |
Aldrich R, Mahoney M, Harris E, Simpson S, Stewart Williams JA, 'Building An Equity focus in Health Impact Assessment', NSW Public Health Bulletin, 16 118-119 (2005) [C2]
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2004 |
Harris E, Simpson SJ, Aldrich R, Williams JS, 'Achieving equity in the Australian healthcare system', MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA, 180 308-308 (2004)
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2004 |
Harris E, Simpson SJ, Aldrich R, Stewart Williams JA, 'Achieving equity in the Australian healthcare system', MJA, 180 308 (2004) [C1] |
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2003 |
Aldrich R, Kemp L, Stewart Williams JA, Harris E, Simpson S, Wilson AJ, et al., 'Using Socioeconomic evidence in clinical practice guidelines', BMJ, 327 1283-1285 (2003) [C1]
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1998 |
Stewart Williams JA, 'Understanding rural and remote divisions under a workforce framework', Australian Journal of Rural Health, 6 156-160 (1998) [C1] |
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1997 |
Stewart Williams JA, 'Coordinating rural and remote divisions under a workforce framework', Australian Health Review, 20 13-26 (1997) [C1] |
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