| 2017 |
Dunstan RH, Sparkes DL, Dascombe BJ, Stevens CJ, Murphy GR, Macdonald MM, et al., 'Sex differences in amino acids lost via sweating could lead to differential susceptibilities to disturbances in nitrogen balance and collagen turnover.', Amino Acids, (2017)
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| 2017 |
Dunstan RH, Sparkes DL, Macdonald MM, De Jonge XJ, Dascombe BJ, Gottfries J, et al., 'Diverse characteristics of the urinary excretion of amino acids in humans and the use of amino acid supplementation to reduce fatigue and sub-health in adults.', Nutr J, 16 19 (2017)
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| 2016 |
Dunstan RH, Sparkes DL, Dascombe BJ, Macdonald MM, Evans CA, Stevens CJ, et al., 'Sweat facilitated amino acid losses in male athletes during exercise at 32-34°C', PLoS ONE, 11 (2016) [C1]
© 2016 Dunstan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and re... [more] © 2016 Dunstan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Sweat contains amino acids and electrolytes derived from plasma and athletes can lose 1-2L of sweat per hour during exercise. Sweat may also contain contributions of amino acids as well as urea, sodium and potassium from the natural moisturizing factors (NMF) produced in the stratum corneum. In preliminary experiments, one participant was tested on three separate occasions to compare sweat composition with surface water washings from the same area of skin to assess contributions from NMF. Two participants performed a 40 minute self-paced cycle session with sweat collected from cleansed skin at regular intervals to assess the contributions to the sweat load from NMF over the period of exercise. The main study investigated sweat amino acid composition collected from nineteen male athletes following standardised endurance exercise regimes at 32-34°C and 20-30% RH. Plasma was also collected from ten of the athletes to compare sweat and plasma composition of amino acids. The amino acid profiles of the skin washings were similar to the sweat, suggesting that the NMF could contribute certain amino acids into sweat. Since the sweat collected from athletes contained some amino acid contributions from the skin, this fluid was subsequently referred to as "faux" sweat. Samples taken over 40 minutes of exercise showed that these contributions diminished over time and were minimal at 35 minutes. In the main study, the faux sweat samples collected from the athletes with minimal NMF contributions, were characterised by relatively high levels of serine, histidine, ornithine, glycine and alanine compared with the corresponding levels measured in the plasma. Aspartic acid was detected in faux sweat but not in the plasma. Glutamine and proline were lower in the faux sweat than plasma in all the athletes. Three phenotypic groups of athletes were defined based on faux sweat volumes and composition profiles of amino acids with varying relative abundances of histidine, serine, glycine and ornithine. It was concluded that for some individuals, faux sweat resulting from exercise at 32-34°C and 20-30% RH posed a potentially significant source of amino acid loss.
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| 2015 |
Dunstan RH, Sparkes DL, Dascombe BJ, Evans CA, Macdonald MM, Crompton M, et al., 'Sweat facilitated losses of amino acids in Standardbred horses and the application of supplementation strategies to maintain condition during training', Comparative Exercise Physiology, 11 201-212 (2015) [C1]
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| 2014 |
Dunstan RH, Sparkes DL, Roberts TK, Dascombe BJ, 'Preliminary Evaluations of a Complex Amino Acid Supplement, Fatigue Reviva, to Reduce Fatigue in a Group of Professional Male Athletes and a Group of Males Recruited from the General Public', Food and Nutrition Sciences, 5 231-235 (2014) [C1]
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| 2013 |
Dunstan RH, Sparkes DL, Roberts TK, Crompton MJ, Gottfries J, Dascombe BJ, 'Development of a complex amino acid supplement, Fatigue Reviva (TM), for oral ingestion: initial evaluations of product concept and impact on symptoms of sub-health in a group of males', NUTRITION JOURNAL, 12 (2013) [C1]
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| 2012 |
Dunstan RH, Sparkes DL, Wratten C, Denham JW, Gottfries J, Roberts TK, MacDonald MM, 'Metabolic, health and lifestyle profiling of breast cancer radiotherapy patients and the risk of developing fatigue', Journal of Cancer Therapy, 3 731-740 (2012) [C1]
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| 2011 |
Dunstan RH, Sparkes DL, MacDonald MM, Roberts TK, Wratten C, Kumar M, et al., 'Altered amino acid homeostasis and the development of fatigue by breast cancer radiotherapy patients: A pilot study', Clinical Biochemistry, 44 208-215 (2011) [C1]
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| 2008 |
Evans CA, Dunstan RH, Rothkirch TB, Roberts TK, Reichelt KL, Cosford RE, et al., 'Altered amino acid excretion in children with autism', Nutritional Neuroscience, 11 9-17 (2008) [C1]
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| 2003 |
Sparkes DL, Robinson GL, Dunstan RH, Roberts TK, 'Plasma Cholesterol Levels And Irlen Syndrome: Preliminary Study of 10- to 17-yr-old Students', Perceptual And Motor Skills, Vol 97 743-752 (2003) [C1]
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| 2003 |
Sparkes DL, 'Biochemical anomalies in people with visual processing problems causing reading difficulties', Australian Journal of Psychology, 55 108-108 (2003) |
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| 2001 |
Robinson GL, Conway RN, Sparkes DL, 'Visual dysfunction in people with dyslexia: Essential fatty acid metabolism, possible immune system system dysfunction and the role of diet', Journal of the South Pacific Educators in Vision Impairment, 2 (1) 8-16 (2001) [C3] |
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