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Professor Mark Stewart

Complete CV:
Contact Details :	Professor in Civil Engineering Director, Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability School of Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Building EA- EA120 The University of Newcastle Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia Phone: +61 2 4921 6027 Fax: +61 2 4921 6991 Email: Mark.Stewart@newcastle.edu.au

Research Interests:

Life-Cycle Cost Decision Models for Optimising RC Design, Inspection and Repair Strategies
Deterioration models are being developed for the corrosion of RC and prestressed structural elements. A probabilistic framework for time-dependent life-cycle reliability analysis and a decision model that represented initial (design, construction), protective strategy, repair strategy and damage costs was then developed. The limit state is based on severe cracking and spalling. This risk-based criteria can then be used to compare the cost-effectiveness of various RC protective, repair and other management strategies.
Security Risks and Mitigation of Explosive Blast Damage to Built Infrastructure
Explosive blast damage on buildings and structural systems can be extensive, i.e. lives lost, economic damages, social disruption. The aim of the current project is to develop a risk-based approach to assessing and mitigating the effects of blast damage to window glazing and building facades. The risk-based approach is based on probability and structural reliability theory which includes uncertainties and variabilities of loading and structural response prediction models, as well as threat scenarios, to produce the likelihood and extent of damage. This provides an improved measure of performance to quantitatively assess and compare the effectiveness of blast protective measures.
Spatial Variability of Corrosion Damage to Structures
The spatial variability of material, dimensional and environmental variables has been included in a random field analysis. The output from such an analysis is, for example, the proportion of a concrete deck that cracks or spalls at any point in time due to corrosion damage. Such information can be used to predict expected maintenance costs and to optimise maintenance and repair strategies. The effect of the spatial variability of pitting corrosion of reinforcing bars and prestressing strands on structural capacity is currently also under investigation. Results suggest that including spatial variability of pitting can significantly reduce structural reliability when compared to non-spatial analyses.
Prediction of Crack Propagation using Accelerated Corrosion Tests
The observance of cracking in concrete structures indicates that "something" needs to be done - ie. damage has occurred and its assessment or remediation will cost money. The project will more accurately model the predicted times to longitudinal cracking and spalling by conducting accelerated corrosion experimental studies on RC slabs.
Safety Assessment of Ageing Infrastructure
The assessment of structural safety for ageing infrastructure is being considered from several complementary approaches. This includes developing load/resistance/partial factors for use in reliability-based assessment codes, using reliability-based acceptance criteria such as a target reliability index, estimating the cost-effectiveness of decisions using life-cycle costs, or determine relative safety by risk-ranking.
Hurricane/Cyclone Hazard Analysis and Structural Vulnerability
A hurricane hazard risk assessment is used to predict damage and losses to residential structures over the next 50 years. The time-varying effect of structural vulnerability on expected insurance losses was considered for a number of realistic hypotheses: strengthening of damaged structures, extent of new code compliance, proposed code changes, demographic changes related to building age profiles (and vulnerability),"do-nothing", etc. This has been conducted for cyclones in Northern Australia and hurricanes on the Atlantic Coast of the U.S.

Publications (2000-2006):

Books:

Stewart, M.G. and Melchers, R.E. (2003), Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Engineering Systems, Kluwer Academic (Japanese Translation).

Edited Conference Proceedings:

Stewart, M.G. and Dockrill, B. (2005), Proceedings of Australian Structural Engineering Conference 2005, Engineers Australia, CD-ROM.

Invited Keynotes:

Reliability and Risk Assessment of Deteriorating Structures, Japanese Symposium on Material and Structural Reliability, Tokyo, 2002.

Implementing Impact Assessments and Risk Mitigation Strategies, Infrastructure Protection and Security Forum, Melbourne, 2006.

Risk Assessment and Optimisation of Blast Mitigation Strategies for Design and Strengthening of Built Infrastructure, 1st International Conference on Analysis and Design of Structures against Explosive and Impact Loads, Tianjin, China, 2006.

Journal Papers:

Val, D., Stewart, M.G. and Melchers, R.E. (2000), Life-Cycle Performance of Reinforced Concrete Bridges: Probabilistic Approach, Journal of Computer Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 14-25.

Faber, M.H., Val, D., and Stewart, M.G. (2000), Proof Load Testing for Assessment and Upgrading of Bridges, Engineering Structures, Vol. 22, No. 12, pp. 1677-1689.

Rosowsky, D.V., Stewart, M.G. and Khor, E.H. (2000), Early-Age Loading and Long-Term Deflections of Reinforced Concrete Beams, ACI Structural Journal, American Concrete Institute, Vol. 97, No. 3, pp. 517-524.

Epaarachchi, D., Stewart, M.G. and Rosowsky, D.V. (2000), Design, Workmanship and System Risk of Multi-Storey Buildings During Construction, Australian Journal of Structural Engineering, IEAust, Vol. 3, Nos. 1&2, pp. 43-54.

Stewart, M.G. (2000), Risk-Based Optimisation of Repair Strategies for Concrete Structures Considering Life-Cycle Cost Analysis, Concrete in Australia, Concrete Institute of Australia, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 21-25.

Vu, K. and Stewart, M.G. (2000), Structural Reliability of Concrete Bridges Including Improved Chloride-Induced Corrosion Models, Structural Safety, Vol. 22, pp. 313-333.

Stewart, M.G. (2001), Risk-Based Approaches to the Assessment of Ageing Bridges, Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Vol. 74, No. 3, pp. 263-273.

Stewart, M.G. (2001), Effect of Construction and Service Loads on Reliability of Existing RC Buildings, Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 127, No. 10, pp. 1232-1235.

Khor, E.H., Rosowsky, D.V. and Stewart, M.G. (2001), Probabilistic Analysis of Time-Dependent Deflections of RC Flexural Members, Computers and Structures, Vol. 79, pp. 1461-1472.

Rosowsky, D.V. and Stewart, M.G. (2001), A Probabilistic Load Model for RC Multistory Construction, Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, ASCE, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 145-152.

Hossain, N.B. and Stewart, M.G. (2001), Probabilistic Models of Damaging Deflections for Floor Elements, Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, ASCE, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 135-140.

Stewart, M.G. and Lawrence, S. (2002), Structural Reliability of Masonry Walls in Flexure, Masonry International,, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 48-52.

Stewart, M.G., Rosowsky, D.V. and Val, D.V. (2001), Reliability-Based Bridge Assessment Using Risk-Ranking Decision Analysis, Structural Safety, Vol. 23, pp. 397-405.

Val, D. and Stewart, M.G. (2002), Aspects of Code Development for the Assessment of Existing Structures, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 128, No. 2, pp. 258-265.

Epaarachchi, D., Stewart, M.G. and Rosowsky, D.V. (2002), Concrete Workmanship and Reliability of Multi-storey Buildings During Construction, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 128, No. 2, pp. 205-213.

Hossain, N. B., and Stewart, M. G. (2002). Serviceability Reliability and Expected Costs for RC Beams Designed to Serviceability Specifications of AS3600. Australian Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 17-28.

Pukl, R., Teply, B., Novák D. and Stewart M.G. (2002), Modeling of Precast Prestressed Bridge Girder under Corrosion Attack. Beton TKS, Vol. 3, pp. 50-54 (in Czech).

Teply, B., Kralova, H. and Stewart, M.G. (2002), Ambient Carbon Dioxide, Carbonation and Deterioration of RC Structures, International Journal of Materials and Structural Reliability, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 31-36.

Stewart, M.G., Rosowsky, D.V. and Huang, Z. (2003), Hurricane Risks and Economic Viability of Strengthened Construction, Natural Hazards Review, ASCE, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 12-19.

Faber, M.H. and Stewart, M.G. (2003), Risk Assessment for Civil Engineering Facilities: Critical Overview and Discussion, Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Vol. 80, No. 2, pp 173-184.

Stewart, M.G. (2003), Cyclone Damage and Temporal Changes to Building Vulnerability and Economic Risks for Residential Construction, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 91, pp. 671-691.

Val, D.V. and Stewart, M.G. (2003), Life Cycle Cost Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Structures in Marine Environments, Structural Safety, Vol. 25, No. 4, pp: 343-362.

Stewart, M.G. and Val, D.V. (2003), Multiple Limit States and Expected Failure Costs for Deteriorating RC Bridges, ASCE, Journal of Bridge Engineering, Vol. 8, No. 6, pp. 405-415.

Epaarachchi, D. and Stewart, M.G. (2004), Human Error and Reliability of Multi-Storey RC Buildings During Construction, ASCE, Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 12-20.

Stewart, M.G. (2004), Risk Assessment as a Decision-Making Tool to Mitigate Blast Damage to Built Infrastructure, Australian Journal of Multi-disciplinary Engineering: Engineering a Secure Australia, pp. 1-12.

Stewart, M.G., Estes, A.C. and Frangopol, D.M. (2004), Bridge Deck Replacement for Minimum Expected Cost Under Multiple Reliability Constraints, ASCE, Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 130, No. 9, pp. 1414-1419.

Stewart, M.G. (2004), Spatial Variability of Pitting Corrosion and its Influence on Structural Fragility and Reliability of RC Beams In Flexure, Structural Safety, Vol. 26, No. 4, pp. 453-470.

Val, D.V. and Stewart, M.G. (2005), Decision Analysis for Deteriorating Structures, Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Vol. 87, No. 3, pp. 377-385.

Vu, K.A.T. and Stewart, M.G. (2005), Predicting the Likelihood and Extent of RC Corrosion-Induced Cracking, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 131, No. 11, pp. 1681-1689.

Vu, K.A.T., Stewart, M.G. and Mullard, J.A. (2005), Corrosion-Induced Cracking: Experimental Data And Predictive Models, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 102, No. 5, pp. 719-726.

Stewart, M.G. and Love, A. (2005), Uncertainty, Economic Risk Analysis and Risk Acceptance Criteria for Mine Subsidence, Australian Geomechanics, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 79-89.

Stewart, M.G. (2006), Spatial Variability of Damage and Expected Maintenance Costs for Deteriorating RC Structures, Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 79-90.

Stewart, M.G., Netherton, M.D. and Rosowsky, D.V. (2006), Terrorism Risks and Blast Damage to Built Infrastructure, Natural Hazards Review, ASCE, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 114-122.

Darmawan, M.S. and Stewart, M.G. (2006), Spatial Time-Dependent Reliability Analysis of Corroding Pretensioned Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders, Structural Safety(accepted for publication – 31/10/05).

Darmawan, M.S. and Stewart, M.G. (2006), Effect of Spatially Variable Pitting Corrosion on Structural Reliability of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders, Australian Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 147-158.

Stewart, M.G. and Netherton, M.D. (2006), Performance, Reliability and Security Risks of Glazing Subject to Explosive Blast Loading, Australian Journal of Structural Engineering (accepted for publication – 8/11/05).

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Refereed Conferences Papers

Stewart, M.G. (2000), Optimisation of Durability Design Specifications for RC Structures, ASCE 2000 Structures Congress, Philadelphia, May, CDROM.

Stewart, M.G. and Lawrence, S. (2000), Bond Strength Variability and Structural Reliability of Masonry Walls in Flexure, 12th Int. Brick/Block Masonry Conference, Madrid, Vol. III, pp. 1737-1746.

Stewart, M.G. and Vu, K. (2000), Cracking, Spalling and Risk-Based Optimisation of Repair Strategies for RC Bridge Decks, AustRoads 4th Bridge Conference., Adelaide, Vol. 11, pp. 31-42.

Val, D.V. and Stewart, M.G. (2001), Partial Factor Format for Structural Assessment, International Conference on Safety, Risk and Reliability – Trends in Engineering, IABSE, Malta, pp. 185-190.

Stewart, M.G. (2001), Spalling Risks, Durability and Life-Cycle Costs for RC Buildings, International Conference on Safety, Risk and Reliability – Trends in Engineering, IABSE, Malta, pp. 537-542.

Hossain, N. B., and Stewart, M. G. (2001), Time-Dependent Deflections, Serviceability Reliability and Expected Costs for RC Beams, Proceedings of ICOSSAR’01 - Eighth International Conference on Structural Safety and Reliability, R.B. Corotis, G.I. Schueller and M. Shinozuka (Eds.), A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam (CD-ROM).

Val, D.V. and Stewart, M.G. (2001), Reliability-Based Life-Cycle Cost Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Structures in Marine Environments, Proceedings of ICOSSAR’01 - Eighth International Conference on Structural Safety and Reliability, R.B. Corotis, G.I. Schueller and M. Shinozuka (Eds.), A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam (CD-ROM).

Vu, K.A.T. and Stewart, M.G. (2001), Cracking and Spalling Reliability Analysis Considering Spatial Variability for Reinforced Concrete Structures, Proceedings of ICOSSAR’01 - Eighth International Conference on Structural Safety and Reliability, R.B. Corotis, G.I. Schueller and M. Shinozuka (Eds.), A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam (CD-ROM).

Hossain, N. B., and Stewart, M. G. (2001). Serviceability Reliability Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Continuous Beams, Australasian Structural Engineering Conference, Institution of Engineers, Australia, Barton, ACT, Vol. 2, pp. 343-350.

Vu, K.A.T. and Stewart, M.G. (2002), Service Life Prediction of Reinforced Concrete Structures Exposed to Aggressive Environments, 9th International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components Brisbane, CSIRO, Australia, Paper 119 (CD-ROM).

Stewart, M.G., Teply, B. and Kralova, H. (2002), The Effect of Temporal and Spatial Variability of Ambient Carbon Dioxide Concentrations on Carbonation of RC Structures, 9th International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components, CSIRO, Australia, Paper 246 (CD-ROM).

Vu, K.A.T. and Stewart, M.G. (2002), Spatial Variability of Structural Deterioration and Service Life Prediction of Reinforced Concrete Bridges, First International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management, Barcelona, (CD-ROM).

Stewart, M.G., Estes, A.C. and Frangopol, D.M. (2002), Bridge Replacement Strategies and Life-Cycle Cost Analyses Under Multiple Limit States, First International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management, Barcelona, (CD-ROM).

Melchers, R.E. and Stewart, M.G. (2002), Risk-Based Predictions of Service Life Performance, IABSE Symposium: Towards a Better Built Environment, Melbourne. (CD-ROM)

Darmawan, M.S. and Stewart, M.G. (2003), Spatial Variability of Pitting Corrosion and its Effect on the Reliability of Prestressing Wires, 9th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering, A. Der Kiureghain, S. Madanat and J.M. Pestana (eds.), Millpress, Rotterdam, Vol. 1, pp. 541-548.

Val, D.V. and Stewart, M.G. (2003), Life-Cycle Cost Analysis as a Tool for Decision-Making, 9th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering, A. Der Kiureghain, S. Madanat and J.M. Pestana (eds.), Millpress, Rotterdam, Vol. 1, pp. 757-764.

Stewart, M.G. and Faber, M.H. (2003), Probabilistic Modelling Of Deterioration Mechanisms for Concrete Structures, 9th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering, A. Der Kiureghain, S. Madanat and J.M. Pestana (eds.), Millpress, Rotterdam, Vol. 1, pp.645-651.

Darmawan, M.S. and Stewart, M.G. (2004), Spatial Variability of Pitting Corrosion and its Effect on the Reliability of Prestressed Concrete Beams, Austroads 5th Bridge Conference, 19-21 May, Hobart (CD-ROM).

Stewart, M.G. and Darmawan, M.S. (2004), Structural Performance, Reliability and Service Life Prediction of Concrete Beams Subject to Pitting Corrosion, Second International Conference on Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation, 5-7 July, Cape Town, South Africa.

Maes, M.A. and Stewart, M.G. 2004), Optimizing Structural Safety Levels on the Basis of Lifetime Utility Objectives of the Individual, Second International Conference on Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation, 5-7 July, Cape Town, South Africa.

Drake, B.J., Stewart, M.G. and Lawrence, S.J. (2004), Variability and Structural Reliability of Structural Masonry in Compression, 7th Australasian Masonry Conference, M. Masia (ed.), Newcastle, pp. 275-284.

Stewart, M.G. and Vu. K.A.T. (2004), Predicting the Proportion of a Concrete Surface Subject to Corrosion-Induced Cracking and Damage, Second International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management, Balkema, Rotterdam (CD-ROM).

Stewart, M.G. (2004) Spatial Variability of Corrosion-Induced Damage and Life-Cycle Cost Analysis of RC Bridge Decks, Second International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management, Balkema, Rotterdam (CD-ROM).

Stewart, M.G. (2005), Expected Maintenance Costs Arising from Spatially Variable Corrosion Damage to RC Structures, 4th International Workshop on Life-Cycle Cost Analysis and Design of Civil Infrastructure Systems, ASCE.

Stewart, M.G. (2005), Life-Cycle Cost Analysis Considering Spatial and Temporal Variability of Corrosion-Induced Damage and Repair to RC Surfaces, Proceedings of ICOSSAR’05 - Ninth International Conference on Structural Safety and Reliability, A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 1663-1670.

Stewart, M.G. and Netherton, M.D. (2005), Risk Assessment and Mitigation of Blast Damage to Built Infrastructure, Proceedings of the 2005 Science, Engineering and Technology Summit, P. Mendis, J. Lai & E. Dawson (eds.), Australian Homeland Security Research Centre, ACT, pp. 67-82.

Darmawan, M.S. and Stewart, M.G. (2005), Effect of Pitting Corrosion on Structural Reliability of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders, Proceedings of Australian Structural Engineering Conference 2005, Newcastle, M.G. Stewart and B. Dockrill (eds.), Engineers Australia, CD-ROM.

Stewart, M.G. and Netherton, M.D. (2005), Performance and Reliability of Glazing Subject to Explosive Blast Loading, Proceedings of Australian Structural Engineering Conference 2005, Newcastle, M.G. Stewart and B. Dockrill (eds.), Engineers Australia, CD-ROM.

Stewart, M.G. and Netherton, M.D. (2005), Blast Reliability Curves and Uncertainty Modelling for Glazing Subject to Explosive Blast Loading, Proceedings of 6th Asia-Pacific Conference on Shock & Impact Loads on Structures. H. Hao, T.S. Lok, G.X. Lu (eds.), CI Premier Conferences, Singapore, pp 523-530.

Stewart, M.G. and Mullard, J.A. (2006), Reliability Based Assessment of the Influence of Concrete Durability on the Timing of Repair to RC Bridges, Third International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management, P.J.S. Cruz, D.M. Frangopol, L.C. Neves, (eds.), Taylor & Francis, London (CD-ROM).

Netherton, M.D. and Stewart, M.G. (2006), Security Risks and Structural Reliability of Window Glazing Subject to Explosive Blast Loading, Third ASRANet International Colloquium, Glasgow (CD-ROM).

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Conferences Papers (not refereed)

Stewart, M.G. (2000), Effect of Construction and Service Loads on Time-Dependent Reliability of Existing RC Buildings, Proc. of the 8th Joint Specialty Conference on Probabilistic Mechanics and Structural Reliability, CD-ROM.

Hossain, N.B. and Stewart, M.G. (2000), Expected Serviceability Losses Due to Time-Dependent Deflections, Proc. of the 8th Joint Specialty Conference on Probabilistic Mechanics and Structural Reliability, CD-ROM.

Stewart, M.G., Rosowsky, D.V. and Val, D.V. (2000), Reliability-Based Structural Safety Assessment Using Risk-Ranking Decision Analysis, Proc. of the 8th Joint Specialty Conference on Probabilistic Mechanics and Structural Reliability, CD-ROM.

Stewart, M.G. (2000), Reliability-Based Optimisation of Concrete Durability Design Specifications and Repair Strategies, Life Prediction and Aging Management of Concrete Structures, PRO 16, D. Naus (Ed.), RILEM, Cannes, pp. 209-218.

Stewart, M.G. (2000), Risk-Based Optimisation for RC Repair Strategies: What is the Appropriate Limit State – Safety or Serviceability, Proc. of International Workshop on Risk-Based Inspection and Maintenance Planning,M.H. Faber (Ed.), ETH, Zurich, pp. 37-44.

Stewart, M.G., Rosowsky, D.V. and Huang, Z. (2001), Risk of Hurricane Damage and Evaluating the Economic Viability of Strengthening Residential Construction, 9th Australian Wind Engineering Society Workshop, July 12-13, Australian Wind Engineering Society, Townsville.

Stewart, M.G. (2002), Interaction between Serviceability and Strength Reliabilities and Expected Failure Costs for a Reinforced Concrete Stochastic Deterioration Process, First ASRANet International Colloquium, Glasgow (CD-ROM).

Stewart, M.G. (2002), Reliability and Risk Assessment of Deteriorating Structures, Japanese Symposium on Material and Structural Reliability, Tokyo, November, pp. 22-27.

Stewart, M.G., Faber, M.H. and Gehlen, C. (2003), Temporal and Spatial Aspects of Probabilistic Corrosion Models, Life-Cycle Performance of Deteriorating Structures: Assessment, Design and Management, D. Frangopol, E. Bruhwiler, M. Faber & B. Adey (eds.), ASCE, Virginia, pp. 183-193.

Val, D. and Stewart, M.G. (2003), Evaluation of Expected Utility for Decision Analysis of Structures, Life-Cycle Performance of Deteriorating Structures: Assessment, Design and Management, D. Frangopol, E. Bruhwiler, M. Faber & B. Adey (eds.), ASCE, Virginia, pp. 413-423.

Stewart, M.G. (2003), Structural Reliability Considering Spatial Variability of Pitting Corrosion, Proceedings of the 11th IFIP WG7.5 Working Conference on Reliability and Optimization of Structural Systems, M.A. Maes & L. Huyse (eds.), A.A. Balkema, Netherlands, pp. 123-130.

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Research Reports

Stewart, M.G. and Lawrence, S. (2000), Bond Strength Variability and Structural Reliability of Masonry Walls in Flexure, Research Report No. 189.03.2000, Department of Civil, Surveying and Environmental Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Australia.

Stewart, M.G. (2000), Risk-Based Optimisation of Repair Strategies for Concrete Bridge Decks Considering Cracking and Spalling Limit States and Life-Cycle Costs Analysis, Research Report No. 190.03.2000, Department of Civil, Surveying and Environmental Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Australia.

Stewart, M.G., Rosowsky, D.V. and Huang, Z. (2000), Hurricane Damage Risk-Cost-Benefit Analysis and the Economic Viability of Strengthening New and Existing Residential Construction, Wood Engineering and Mechanics Research Report No. WEM-00-001, Departments of Forest Products and Civil, Engineering, Oregon State University.

Stewart, M.G. (2002), Cyclone Damage and Temporal Changes to Building Vulnerability and Economic Risks for Residential Construction in North Queensland, Research Report No. 1220.01.2002, Discipline of Civil, Surveying and Environmental Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Australia.

Stewart, M.G. and Val, D.V. (2002), Effect of Multiple Limit States on Expected Failure Costs for Deteriorating Reinforced Concrete Bridges, Research Report No. 228.10.2002, Discipline of Civil, Surveying and Environmental Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Australia.

Stewart, M.G. (2003), Effect of Spatial Variability of Pitting Corrosion on Structural Fragility and Reliability of RC Beams in Flexure, Research Report No. 232.02.2003, Discipline of Civil, Surveying and Environmental Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Australia.

Darmawan, M.S. and Stewart, M.G. (2004), Spatial Variability of Pitting Corrosion and its Effect on the Strength and Reliability of Prestressing Wire and Strands, Research Report No. 246.05.2004, Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Australia.

Stewart, M.G., Vu, K.A.T. and Mullard, J.A. (2004), Corrosion-induced Crack Initiation and Propagation for Reinforced Concrete Structures: Experimental Data and Predictive Models, Research Report No. 247.06.2004, Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Australia.

Stewart, M.G. (2004), Spatial Variability of Corrosion-induced Cracking Damage and Expected Maintenance Costs for Deteriorating RC Structures, Research Report No. 248.10.2004, Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Australia.

Stewart, M.G. and Netherton, M.D. (2005), Security Risks, Uncertainty Modelling and Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Glazing Subject to Explosive Blast Loading, Research Report No. 255.10.2005, Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Australia.

Al-Harthy A.S. and Stewart, M.G. (2006) A Review of Predictive Models for Cracking in Concrete due to Reinforcement Corrosion, University of Newcastle, Center for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability, Australia, Research Report No. 258.06.06.

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