2024 |
Lovis L, Maddocks A, Tremain P, Moghtaderi B, 'Optimising desiccants for multicyclic atmospheric water generation: Review and comparison', Sustainable Materials and Technologies, 39 (2024) [C1]
Atmospheric water generators produce liquid water from humidity in the air. Hence, this technology provides a pathway to alleviate water scarcity. In contrast to conventional day-... [more]
Atmospheric water generators produce liquid water from humidity in the air. Hence, this technology provides a pathway to alleviate water scarcity. In contrast to conventional day-night monocyclic systems, multicyclic atmospheric water generators conduct multiple sorption and desorption cycles per day. The specific water production for multicyclic desiccant based atmospheric water generators primarily depends on the water sorption and desorption rates of the desiccant, as opposed to the uptake capacity. The mechanisms governing the equilibrium uptake capacity of desiccants and the interparticle diffusion rate of water vapour are well known, however, the mechanisms governing the intraparticle diffusion and sorption rate of water vapour within desiccants are not well summarised. In this review, methods for the enhancement of the intraparticle water vapour diffusion and macroscopic sorption rate are identified, including the effects of pore microstructure, surface hydrophilicity, and composites. Additionally, desiccants with the highest potential specific water production and lowest potential specific energy consumption are identified. To date, the polyamide 6-LiCl nanofibrous membrane demonstrates the highest ideal specific water production of 230 L.kg-1.day-1. The ideal specific energy consumption is similar between the investigated desiccants and primarily depends on the latent heat of sorption. Furthermore, the suitability of various empirical kinetic models for the investigated desiccants is discussed. The variable order model provides a better fit to sorption and desorption kinetic data than the commonly used linear driving force model.
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Nova |
2023 |
Lovis L, Tremain P, Maddocks A, Moghtaderi B, 'Modelling of atmospheric water generation using desiccant coated heat exchangers: A parametric study', Energy Conversion and Management, 279 (2023) [C1]
Water scarcity is a significant issue in developing countries and remote locations, however, atmospheric water vapour is a widely available and yet underutilised water reservoir. ... [more]
Water scarcity is a significant issue in developing countries and remote locations, however, atmospheric water vapour is a widely available and yet underutilised water reservoir. Desiccant coated heat exchangers are a potential sorption reactor for multicyclic atmospheric water generation due to the enhanced heat and mass transfer to the desiccant. This study utilised a transient one-dimensional mathematical model for a plate-fin desiccant coated heat exchanger and adapted the model for atmospheric water generation. From this, a heat and mass transfer analysis and parametric study were conducted to determine the effect of the operational and geometric parameters on the specific water production and specific energy consumption. The heat and mass transfer analysis found that the coating at the inlet and outlet regions of the channels were underutilised. The parametric study found that the adsorption and desorption cycle times should be optimised independently, the primary air velocity should be high during adsorption and low during desorption, and secondary channel cooling during adsorption did not significantly improve performance. The highest specific water production and the lowest specific energy consumption recorded in this study were 5.8 L kg-1 day-1 and 7.7 MJ L-1 respectively. The recorded specific water production values were higher than most desiccant based atmospheric water generators in the literature. However, the performance was significantly reduced at higher ambient temperatures.
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Nova |
2021 |
Wu S, Zhou C, Tremain P, Doroodchi E, Moghtaderi B, 'A phase change calcium looping thermochemical energy storage system based on CaCO3/CaO-CaCl2', Energy Conversion and Management, 227 (2021) [C1]
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Nova |
2020 |
Jalalabadi T, Drewery M, Tremain P, Wilkinson J, Moghtaderi B, Allen J, 'The impact of carbonate salts on char formation and gas evolution during the slow pyrolysis of biomass, cellulose, and lignin', SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS, 4 5987-6003 (2020) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Tremain P, Maddocks A, Moghtaderi B, 'Stone Dust Looping for Ventilation Air Methane Abatement: A 1 m³/s Pilot-Scale Study', Energy and Fuels, 33 12568-12577 (2019) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Lee S, Yu J, Mahoney M, Tremain P, Moghtaderi B, Tahmasebi A, et al., 'Study of chemical structure transition in the plastic layers sampled from a pilot-scale coke oven using a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectrometer', Fuel, 242 277-286 (2019) [C1]
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Nova |
2019 |
Jalalabadi T, Glenn M, Tremain P, Moghtaderi B, Donne S, Allen J, 'Modification of Biochar Formation during Slow Pyrolysis in the Presence of Alkali Metal Carbonate Additives', ENERGY & FUELS, 33 11235-11245 (2019) [C1]
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Nova |
2018 |
Ramezani M, Tremain P, Shah K, Doroodchi E, Moghtaderi B, 'Kinetics and Design Parameter Determination for a Calciner Reactor in Unique Conditions of a Novel Greenhouse Calcium Looping Process', ENERGY & FUELS, 32 33-43 (2018) [C1]
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Nova |
2018 |
Yin F, Tremain P, Yu J, Doroodchi E, Moghtaderi B, 'An Experimental Investigation of the Catalytic Activity of Natural Calcium-Rich Minerals and a Novel Dual-Supported CaO-Ca12Al14O33/Al2O3 Catalyst for Biotar Steam Reforming', ENERGY & FUELS, 32 4269-4277 (2018) [C1]
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Nova |
2018 |
Lee S, Yu J, Mahoney M, Tremain P, Moghtaderi B, Tahmasebi A, 'A study on the structural transition in the plastic layer during coking of Australian coking coals using Synchrotron micro-CT and ATR-FTIR', Fuel, 233 877-884 (2018) [C1]
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Nova |
2018 |
Wilson F, Tremain P, Moghtaderi B, 'Characterization of Biochars Derived from Pyrolysis of Biomass and Calcium Oxide Mixtures', ENERGY & FUELS, 32 4167-4177 (2018) [C1]
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Nova |
2018 |
Patel S, Tremain P, Moghtaderi B, Sandford J, Shah K, 'Estimation of the carbonation reaction kinetic parameters for dilute methane and carbon dioxide conditions in a calcium looping process', Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy, 37 1312-1318 (2018) [C1]
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Nova |
2017 |
To TQ, Shah K, Tremain P, Simmons BA, Moghtaderi B, Atkin R, 'Treatment of lignite and thermal coal with low cost amino acid based ionic liquid-water mixtures', FUEL, 202 296-306 (2017) [C1]
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Nova |
2017 |
Zhou C, Tremain P, Doroodchi E, Moghtaderi B, Shah K, 'A novel slag carbon arrestor process for energy recovery in steelmaking industry', Fuel Processing Technology, 155 124-133 (2017) [C1]
A novel slag carbon arrestor process (SCAP) was proposed to improve the heat recovery in energy-intensive steelmaking process, which typically has a low heat recovery. The propose... [more]
A novel slag carbon arrestor process (SCAP) was proposed to improve the heat recovery in energy-intensive steelmaking process, which typically has a low heat recovery. The proposed SCAP process introduces a tar reformer to utilise the slag - a by-product from steelmaking process - as the catalyst to convert coke oven gas and tar into hydrogen-enriched fuel gas. This is achieved by making use of the valuable carbon and/or energy contained in the coke oven gas, which otherwise being wasted, to assist in tar reforming and produce hydrogen-enriched gas. Such concept is expected to reduce the undesired tar formation in steelmaking process along with improved heat recovery efficiency and higher quality coke oven gas production. Both simulation and experimental studies on the slag carbon arrestor process were performed. The preliminary thermodynamic analysis carried out using Aspen Plus v8.4 indicates that with the tar reformer the energy content of coke oven gas was found increased from ~ 34.6 MJ/kg to ~ 37.7 MJ/kg (or by 9%). Also, with the utilisation of carbon deposition on the slag, a reduction of up to 12.8% coke usage in the steelmaking process can be achieved. This corresponds to an energy saving of 4% and a carbon emission reduction of 5.7% compared with the conventional steelmaking process. Preliminary experimental TGA-FTIR investigations revealed a reduction in the aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon groups and an increase in the production of CO2 and CO, attributed to the tar cracking abilities of slag.
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Nova |
2017 |
Yin F, Tremain P, Yu J, Doroodchi E, Moghtaderi B, 'Investigations on the Synergistic Effects of Oxygen and CaO for Biotars Cracking during Biomass Gasification', ENERGY & FUELS, 31 587-598 (2017) [C1]
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Nova |
2017 |
Cummings J, Tremain P, Shah K, Heldt E, Moghtaderi B, Atkin R, et al., 'Modification of lignites via low temperature ionic liquid treatment', FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY, 155 51-58 (2017) [C1]
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Nova |
2017 |
Ramezani M, Tremain P, Shah K, Doroodchi E, Moghtaderi B, 'Derivation of Kinetics and Design Parameters for a Carbonator Reactor in a Greenhouse Calcium Looping Process', ENERGY TECHNOLOGY, 5 644-655 (2017) [C1]
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Nova |
2016 |
Patel S, Tremain P, Sandford J, Moghtaderi B, Shah K, 'Empirical Kinetic Model of a Stone Dust Looping Carbonator for Ventilation Air Methane Abatement', ENERGY & FUELS, 30 1869-1878 (2016) [C1]
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Nova |
2016 |
Yin F, Shah K, Zhou C, Tremain P, Yu J, Doroodchi E, Moghtaderi B, 'Novel Calcium-Looping-Based Biomass-Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle: Thermodynamic Modeling and Experimental Study', Energy and Fuels, 30 1730-1740 (2016) [C1]
The current work focuses on the development of a novel calcium-looping-based biomass-integrated gasification combined cycle (CL-BIGCC) process. The process is expected to improve ... [more]
The current work focuses on the development of a novel calcium-looping-based biomass-integrated gasification combined cycle (CL-BIGCC) process. The process is expected to improve the energy density of synthesis gas by capturing CO2 in a carbonator. Also, at the same time, the carbonator is expected to act as an ex situ tar removal unit, where tar cracking is expected to occur via catalytic reactions with CaO. The current work evaluates the feasibility of the proposed CL-BIGCC concept via thermodynamic analysis using Aspen Plus. Moreover, the tar cracking ability of CaO is demonstrated using thermogravimetric analyzer coupled to Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (TGA-FTIR) experiments. As part of the thermodynamic analysis, sensitivity analyses of the key process parameters, such as the calcium/biomass (Ca/B) ratio, steam/biomass (S/B) ratio, carbonator temperature, and calciner temperature, and their effects on net thermal-to-electricity efficiency have been studied in detail. The optimal values of key process parameters, such as a compression ratio of 5.1, an air/fuel mass ratio of 15, a Ca/B ratio of 0.53, a S/B ratio of 0.17, and carbonator and calciner temperatures of 650 and 800 °C, respectively, have been obtained. Furthermore, the CL-BIGCC process simulated in the current work was found to have a net thermal-to-electricity efficiency of ~25% based on the above optimal parameters, which is the highest among other conventional steam-based BIGCC processes. The biomass gasification (i.e., partial oxidation) experiments in a TGA-FTIR with a CaO/biomass ratio of 1:1 at different temperatures showed that CaO effectively catalyzed tar-cracking reactions.
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Nova |
2015 |
Cummings J, Kundu S, Tremain P, Moghtaderi B, Atkin R, Shah K, 'Investigations into Physicochemical Changes in Thermal Coals during Low-Temperature Ionic Liquid Treatment', Energy and Fuels, 29 7080-7088 (2015) [C1]
Two Australian thermal coals were treated with four different ionic liquids (ILs) at temperatures as low as 100 °C. The ILs used were 1-butylpyridinium chloride ([Bpyd][Cl]), 1-et... [more]
Two Australian thermal coals were treated with four different ionic liquids (ILs) at temperatures as low as 100 °C. The ILs used were 1-butylpyridinium chloride ([Bpyd][Cl]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([Emim][DCM]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim][Cl]), and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tricyanomethanide ([Bmim][TCM]). Visual comparisons were made between the raw and IL-treated coals via optical microscopy. Changes in thermal behavior of these treated coals were compared against raw coals via pyrolysis experiments in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Changes in functional group composition in the treated coals were probed via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The recovered ILs were also analyzed via FTIR and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies to observe any changes after recovery. Low-temperature IL treatment of each of the coals resulted in fragmentation and fracturing, reducing the average particle size. An increase in mass loss in the treated coals was also observed when compared to each raw coal, indicating an increase in lower molecular weight fragments after treatment. This was corroborated by a large increase in aliphatic hydrocarbons being observed in the treated coals, along with a decrease in oxygenated functional groups and mineral matter in one coal. The recovered ILs were shown to be unchanged by this treatment process, indicating their potential recyclability. These results indicate the potential for ILs to be implemented as solvent treatments for coal conversion processes.
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Nova |
2014 |
Tremain P, Zanganeh J, Hugo L, Curry S, Moghtaderi B, 'Characterization of "Chailings": A Char Created from Coal Tailings', ENERGY & FUELS, 28 7609-7615 (2014) [C1]
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Nova |